[apple_cmds.git] / network_cmds / netstat.tproj / route.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2008-2017 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
 *
 * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
 * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
 * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
 * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
 * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
 * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
 * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
 *
 * Please obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
 *
 * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
 * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
 * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
 */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *      This product includes software developed by the University of
 *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <stdint.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_var.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <net/if_types.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/radix.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>

#include <sys/sysctl.h>

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "netstat.h"

/* alignment constraint for routing socket */
#define ROUNDUP(a) \
       ((a) > 0 ? (1 + (((a) - 1) | (sizeof(uint32_t) - 1))) : sizeof(uint32_t))
#define ADVANCE(x, n) (x += ROUNDUP((n)->sa_len))

/*
 * Definitions for showing gateway flags.
 */
struct bits {
        uint32_t        b_mask;
        char    b_val;
} bits[] = {
        { RTF_UP,       'U' },
        { RTF_GATEWAY,  'G' },
        { RTF_HOST,     'H' },
        { RTF_REJECT,   'R' },
        { RTF_DYNAMIC,  'D' },
        { RTF_MODIFIED, 'M' },
        { RTF_MULTICAST,'m' },
        { RTF_DONE,     'd' }, /* Completed -- for routing messages only */
        { RTF_CLONING,  'C' },
        { RTF_XRESOLVE, 'X' },
        { RTF_LLINFO,   'L' },
        { RTF_STATIC,   'S' },
        { RTF_PROTO1,   '1' },
        { RTF_PROTO2,   '2' },
        { RTF_WASCLONED,'W' },
        { RTF_PRCLONING,'c' },
        { RTF_PROTO3,   '3' },
        { RTF_BLACKHOLE,'B' },
        { RTF_BROADCAST,'b' },
        { RTF_IFSCOPE,  'I' },
        { RTF_IFREF,    'i' },
        { RTF_PROXY,    'Y' },
        { RTF_ROUTER,   'r' },
        { 0 }
};

typedef union {
        uint32_t dummy;         /* Helps align structure. */
        struct  sockaddr u_sa;
        u_short u_data[128];
} sa_u;

static void np_rtentry __P((struct rt_msghdr2 *));
static void p_sockaddr __P((struct sockaddr *, struct sockaddr *, int, int));
static void p_flags __P((int, char *));
static uint32_t forgemask __P((uint32_t));
static void domask __P((char *, uint32_t, uint32_t));

/*
 * Print address family header before a section of the routing table.
 */
void
pr_family(int af)
{
        char *afname;

        switch (af) {
        case AF_INET:
                afname = "Internet";
                break;
#ifdef INET6
        case AF_INET6:
                afname = "Internet6";
                break;
#endif /*INET6*/
        case AF_IPX:
                afname = "IPX";
                break;
        default:
                afname = NULL;
                break;
        }
        if (afname)
                printf("\n%s:\n", afname);
        else
                printf("\nProtocol Family %d:\n", af);
}

/* column widths; each followed by one space */
#ifndef INET6
#define WID_DST(af)     18      /* width of destination column */
#define WID_GW(af)      18      /* width of gateway column */
#define WID_RT_IFA(af)  18      /* width of source column */
#define WID_IF(af)      7       /* width of netif column */
#else
#define WID_DST(af) \
        ((af) == AF_INET6 ? (lflag ? 39 : (nflag ? 39: 18)) : 18)
#define WID_GW(af) \
        ((af) == AF_INET6 ? (lflag ? 31 : (nflag ? 31 : 18)) : 18)
#define WID_RT_IFA(af) \
        ((af) == AF_INET6 ? (lflag ? 39 : (nflag ? 39 : 18)) : 18)
#define WID_IF(af)      ((af) == AF_INET6 ? 8 : 7)
#endif /*INET6*/

/*
 * Print header for routing table columns.
 */
void
pr_rthdr(int af)
{
        if (lflag) {
                if (lflag > 2)
                        printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s %-10.10s %6.6s %8.8s %6.6s %*.*s %6s "
                                "%10s %10s %8s %8s %8s\n",
                                WID_DST(af), WID_DST(af), "Destination",
                                WID_GW(af), WID_GW(af), "Gateway",
                                WID_RT_IFA(af), WID_RT_IFA(af), "RT_IFA",
                                "Flags", "Refs", "Use", "Mtu",
                                WID_IF(af), WID_IF(af), "Netif", "Expire",
                                "rtt(ms)", "rttvar(ms)", "recvpipe", "sendpipe", "ssthresh");
                else if (lflag > 1)
                        printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s %-10.10s %6.6s %8.8s %6.6s %*.*s %6s "
                                "%10s %10s\n",
                                WID_DST(af), WID_DST(af), "Destination",
                                WID_GW(af), WID_GW(af), "Gateway",
                                WID_RT_IFA(af), WID_RT_IFA(af), "RT_IFA",
                                "Flags", "Refs", "Use", "Mtu",
                                WID_IF(af), WID_IF(af), "Netif", "Expire",
                                "rtt(ms)", "rttvar(ms)");
                else
                        printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s %-10.10s %6.6s %8.8s %6.6s %*.*s %6s\n",
                                WID_DST(af), WID_DST(af), "Destination",
                                WID_GW(af), WID_GW(af), "Gateway",
                                WID_RT_IFA(af), WID_RT_IFA(af), "RT_IFA",
                                "Flags", "Refs", "Use", "Mtu",
                                WID_IF(af), WID_IF(af), "Netif", "Expire");
    }  else {
                printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-10.10s %*.*s %6s\n",
                        WID_DST(af), WID_DST(af), "Destination",
                        WID_GW(af), WID_GW(af), "Gateway",
                        "Flags", WID_IF(af), WID_IF(af), "Netif", "Expire");
        }
}

/*
 * Print routing tables.
 */
void
routepr(void)
{
        size_t extra_space;
        size_t needed;
        int mib[6];
        char *buf, *next, *lim;
        struct rt_msghdr2 *rtm;
        int try = 1;

        printf("Routing tables\n");

 again:
        mib[0] = CTL_NET;
        mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
        mib[2] = 0;
        mib[3] = 0;
        mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP2;
        mib[5] = 0;
        if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
                err(1, "sysctl: net.route.0.0.dump estimate");
        }
        /* allocate extra space in case the table grows */
        extra_space = needed / 2;
        if (needed <= (SIZE_MAX - extra_space)) {
                needed += extra_space;
        }
        if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == 0) {
                err(2, "malloc(%lu)", (unsigned long)needed);
        }
        if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
#define MAX_TRIES       10
                if (errno == ENOMEM && try < MAX_TRIES) {
                        /* the buffer we provided was too small, try again */
                        free(buf);
                        try++;
                        goto again;
                }
                err(1, "sysctl: net.route.0.0.dump");
        }
        lim  = buf + needed;
        for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
                rtm = (struct rt_msghdr2 *)next;
                np_rtentry(rtm);
        }
}

static void
get_rtaddrs(int addrs, struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr **rti_info)
{
        int i;
        
        for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++) {
                if (addrs & (1 << i)) {
                        rti_info[i] = sa;
                                                sa = (struct sockaddr *)(ROUNDUP(sa->sa_len) + (char *)sa);
                } else {
                        rti_info[i] = NULL;
        }
}
}

static void
np_rtentry(struct rt_msghdr2 *rtm)
{
        struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
        struct sockaddr *rti_info[RTAX_MAX];
        static int old_fam;
        int fam = 0;
        u_short lastindex = 0xffff;
        static char ifname[IFNAMSIZ + 1];
        sa_u addr, mask;

        /*
         * Don't print protocol-cloned routes unless -a.
         */
        if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_WASCLONED) &&
            (rtm->rtm_parentflags & RTF_PRCLONING) &&
            !aflag) {
                        return;
        }

        if (lflag > 1 && zflag != 0 && rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt == 0 && rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rttvar == 0)
                return;
        fam = sa->sa_family;
        if (af != AF_UNSPEC && af != fam)
                return;
        if (fam != old_fam) {
                pr_family(fam);
                pr_rthdr(fam);
                old_fam = fam;
        }
        get_rtaddrs(rtm->rtm_addrs, sa, rti_info);
        bzero(&addr, sizeof(addr));
        if ((rtm->rtm_addrs & RTA_DST))
                bcopy(rti_info[RTAX_DST], &addr, rti_info[RTAX_DST]->sa_len);
        bzero(&mask, sizeof(mask));
        if ((rtm->rtm_addrs & RTA_NETMASK))
                bcopy(rti_info[RTAX_NETMASK], &mask, rti_info[RTAX_NETMASK]->sa_len);
        p_sockaddr(&addr.u_sa, &mask.u_sa, rtm->rtm_flags,
            WID_DST(addr.u_sa.sa_family));

        p_sockaddr(rti_info[RTAX_GATEWAY], NULL, RTF_HOST,
            WID_GW(addr.u_sa.sa_family));

        if (lflag && (rtm->rtm_addrs & RTA_IFA)) {
                p_sockaddr(rti_info[RTAX_IFA], NULL, RTF_HOST,
                    WID_RT_IFA(addr.u_sa.sa_family));
        }
        
        p_flags(rtm->rtm_flags, "%-10.10s ");

        if (lflag) {
                printf("%6u %8u ", rtm->rtm_refcnt, (unsigned int)rtm->rtm_use);
                if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_mtu != 0)
                        printf("%6u ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_mtu);
                else
                        printf("%6s ", "");
        }

        if (rtm->rtm_index != lastindex) {
                if_indextoname(rtm->rtm_index, ifname);
                lastindex = rtm->rtm_index;
        }
        printf("%*.*s", WID_IF(addr.u_sa.sa_family),
                WID_IF(addr.u_sa.sa_family), ifname);

        if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire) {
                time_t expire_time;

                if ((expire_time =
                        rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire - time((time_t *)0)) > 0)
                        printf(" %6d", (int)expire_time);
                else
                        printf(" %6s", "!");
        } else {
                printf(" %6s", "");
        }
        if (lflag > 1) {
                if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt != 0)
                        printf(" %6u.%03u", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt / 1000,
                               rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt % 1000);
                else
                        printf(" %10s", "");
                if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rttvar != 0)
                        printf(" %6u.%03u", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rttvar / 1000,
                               rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rttvar % 1000);
                else
                        printf(" %10s", "");
                if (lflag > 2) {
                        if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_recvpipe != 0)
                                printf(" %8u", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_recvpipe);
                        else
                                printf(" %8s", "");
                        if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_sendpipe != 0)
                                printf(" %8u", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_sendpipe);
                        else
                                printf(" %8s", "");
                        if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_ssthresh != 0)
                                printf(" %8u", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_ssthresh);
                        else
                                printf(" %8s", "");
                }
        }
        putchar('\n');
}

static void
p_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr *mask, int flags, int width)
{
        char workbuf[128], *cplim;
        char *cp = workbuf;

        switch(sa->sa_family) {
        case AF_INET: {
                struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sa;

                if ((sin->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) &&
                        mask &&
                    (ntohl(((struct sockaddr_in *)mask)->sin_addr.s_addr) == 0L || mask->sa_len == 0))
                                cp = "default" ;
                else if (flags & RTF_HOST)
                        cp = routename(sin->sin_addr.s_addr);
                else if (mask)
                        cp = netname(sin->sin_addr.s_addr,
                            ntohl(((struct sockaddr_in *)mask)->
                            sin_addr.s_addr));
                else
                        cp = netname(sin->sin_addr.s_addr, 0L);
                break;
            }

#ifdef INET6
        case AF_INET6: {
                struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)sa;
                struct in6_addr *in6 = &sa6->sin6_addr;

                /*
                 * XXX: This is a special workaround for KAME kernels.
                 * sin6_scope_id field of SA should be set in the future.
                 */
                if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(in6) ||
                    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL(in6) ||
                    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(in6)) {
                    /* XXX: override is ok? */
                    sa6->sin6_scope_id = (u_int32_t)ntohs(*(u_short *)&in6->s6_addr[2]);
                    *(u_short *)&in6->s6_addr[2] = 0;
                }

                if (flags & RTF_HOST)
                    cp = routename6(sa6);
                else if (mask)
                    cp = netname6(sa6, mask);
                else
                    cp = netname6(sa6, NULL);
                break;
            }
#endif /*INET6*/

        case AF_LINK: {
                struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;

                if (sdl->sdl_nlen == 0 && sdl->sdl_alen == 0 &&
                    sdl->sdl_slen == 0) {
                        (void) snprintf(workbuf, sizeof(workbuf), "link#%d", sdl->sdl_index);
                } else {
                        switch (sdl->sdl_type) {

                        case IFT_ETHER: {
                                int i;
                                u_char *lla = (u_char *)sdl->sdl_data +
                                    sdl->sdl_nlen;

                                cplim = "";
                                for (i = 0; i < sdl->sdl_alen; i++, lla++) {
                                        cp += snprintf(cp, sizeof(workbuf) - (cp - workbuf), "%s%x", cplim, *lla);
                                        cplim = ":";
                                }
                                cp = workbuf;
                                break;
                            }

                        default:
                                cp = link_ntoa(sdl);
                                break;
                        }
                }
                break;
            }

        default: {
                u_char *s = (u_char *)sa->sa_data, *slim;

                slim =  sa->sa_len + (u_char *) sa;
                cplim = cp + sizeof(workbuf) - 6;
                cp += snprintf(cp, sizeof(workbuf) - (cp - workbuf), "(%d)", sa->sa_family);
                while (s < slim && cp < cplim) {
                        cp += snprintf(cp, sizeof(workbuf) - (cp - workbuf), " %02x", *s++);
                        if (s < slim)
                            cp += snprintf(cp, sizeof(workbuf) - (cp - workbuf), "%02x", *s++);
                }
                cp = workbuf;
            }
        }
        if (width < 0 ) {
                printf("%s ", cp);
        } else {
                if (nflag)
                        printf("%-*s ", width, cp);
                else
                        printf("%-*.*s ", width, width, cp);
        }
}

static void
p_flags(int f, char *format)
{
        char name[33], *flags;
        struct bits *p = bits;

        for (flags = name; p->b_mask; p++)
                if (p->b_mask & f)
                        *flags++ = p->b_val;
        *flags = '\0';
        printf(format, name);
}

char *
routename(uint32_t in)
{
        char *cp;
        static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
        struct hostent *hp;

        cp = 0;
        if (!nflag) {
                hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof (struct in_addr),
                        AF_INET);
                if (hp) {
                        cp = hp->h_name;
                         //### trimdomain(cp, strlen(cp));
                }
        }
        if (cp) {
                strlcpy(line, cp, sizeof(line));
        } else {
#define C(x)    ((x) & 0xff)
                in = ntohl(in);
                snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%u.%u.%u.%u",
                    C(in >> 24), C(in >> 16), C(in >> 8), C(in));
        }
        return (line);
}

static uint32_t
forgemask(uint32_t a)
{
        uint32_t m;

        if (IN_CLASSA(a))
                m = IN_CLASSA_NET;
        else if (IN_CLASSB(a))
                m = IN_CLASSB_NET;
        else
                m = IN_CLASSC_NET;
        return (m);
}

static void
domask(char *dst, uint32_t addr, uint32_t mask)
{
        int b, i;

        if (!mask || (forgemask(addr) == mask)) {
                *dst = '\0';
                return;
        }
        i = 0;
        for (b = 0; b < 32; b++)
                if (mask & (1 << b)) {
                        int bb;

                        i = b;
                        for (bb = b+1; bb < 32; bb++)
                                if (!(mask & (1 << bb))) {
                                        i = -1; /* noncontig */
                                        break;
                                }
                        break;
                }
        if (i == -1)
                snprintf(dst, sizeof(dst), "&0x%x", mask);
        else
                snprintf(dst, sizeof(dst), "/%d", 32-i);
}

/*
 * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
 * The address is assumed to be that of a net or subnet, not a host.
 */
char *
netname(uint32_t in, uint32_t mask)
{
        char *cp = 0;
        static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
        struct netent *np = 0;
        uint32_t net, omask, dmask;
        uint32_t i;

        i = ntohl(in);
        dmask = forgemask(i);
        omask = mask;
        if (!nflag && i) {
                net = i & dmask;
                if (!(np = getnetbyaddr(i, AF_INET)) && net != i)
                        np = getnetbyaddr(net, AF_INET);
                if (np) {
                        cp = np->n_name;
                         //### trimdomain(cp, strlen(cp));
                }
        }
        if (cp)
                strlcpy(line, cp, sizeof(line));
        else {
                switch (dmask) {
                case IN_CLASSA_NET:
                        if ((i & IN_CLASSA_HOST) == 0) {
                                snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%u", C(i >> 24));
                                break;
                        }
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
                case IN_CLASSB_NET:
                        if ((i & IN_CLASSB_HOST) == 0) {
                                snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%u.%u",
                                        C(i >> 24), C(i >> 16));
                                break;
                        }
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
                case IN_CLASSC_NET:
                        if ((i & IN_CLASSC_HOST) == 0) {
                                snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%u.%u.%u",
                                        C(i >> 24), C(i >> 16), C(i >> 8));
                                break;
                        }
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
                default:
                        snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%u.%u.%u.%u",
                                C(i >> 24), C(i >> 16), C(i >> 8), C(i));
                        break;
                }
        }
        domask(line+strlen(line), i, omask);
        return (line);
}

#ifdef INET6
char *
netname6(struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6, struct sockaddr *sam)
{
        static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
        u_char *lim;
        int masklen, illegal = 0, flag = NI_WITHSCOPEID;
        struct in6_addr *mask = sam ? &((struct sockaddr_in6 *)sam)->sin6_addr : 0;

        if (sam && sam->sa_len == 0) {
                masklen = 0;
        } else if (mask) {
                u_char *p = (u_char *)mask;
                for (masklen = 0, lim = p + 16; p < lim; p++) {
                        switch (*p) {
                         case 0xff:
                                 masklen += 8;
                                 break;
                         case 0xfe:
                                 masklen += 7;
                                 break;
                         case 0xfc:
                                 masklen += 6;
                                 break;
                         case 0xf8:
                                 masklen += 5;
                                 break;
                         case 0xf0:
                                 masklen += 4;
                                 break;
                         case 0xe0:
                                 masklen += 3;
                                 break;
                         case 0xc0:
                                 masklen += 2;
                                 break;
                         case 0x80:
                                 masklen += 1;
                                 break;
                         case 0x00:
                                 break;
                         default:
                                 illegal ++;
                                 break;
                        }
                }
                if (illegal)
                        fprintf(stderr, "illegal prefixlen\n");
        } else {
                masklen = 128;
        }
        if (masklen == 0 && IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sa6->sin6_addr))
                return("default");

        if (nflag)
                flag |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
        getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)sa6, sa6->sin6_len, line, sizeof(line),
                    NULL, 0, flag);

        if (nflag)
                snprintf(&line[strlen(line)], sizeof(line) - strlen(line), "/%d", masklen);

        return line;
}

char *
routename6(struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6)
{
        static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
        int flag = NI_WITHSCOPEID;
        /* use local variable for safety */
        struct sockaddr_in6 sa6_local = {sizeof(sa6_local), AF_INET6, };

        sa6_local.sin6_addr = sa6->sin6_addr;
        sa6_local.sin6_scope_id = sa6->sin6_scope_id;

        if (nflag)
                flag |= NI_NUMERICHOST;

        getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sa6_local, sa6_local.sin6_len,
                    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, flag);

        return line;
}
#endif /*INET6*/

/*
 * Print routing statistics
 */
void
rt_stats(void)
{
        struct rtstat rtstat;
        int rttrash;
        int mib[6];
        size_t len;

        mib[0] = CTL_NET;
        mib[1] = AF_ROUTE;
        mib[2] = 0;
        mib[3] = 0;
        mib[4] = NET_RT_STAT;
        mib[5] = 0;
        len = sizeof(struct rtstat);
        if (sysctl(mib, 6, &rtstat, &len, 0, 0) == -1)
                return;
                
        mib[0] = CTL_NET;
        mib[1] = AF_ROUTE;
        mib[2] = 0;
        mib[3] = 0;
        mib[4] = NET_RT_TRASH;
        mib[5] = 0;
        len = sizeof(rttrash);
        if (sysctl(mib, 6, &rttrash, &len, 0, 0) == -1)
                return;

        printf("routing:\n");

#define p(f, m) if (rtstat.f || sflag <= 1) \
        printf(m, rtstat.f, plural(rtstat.f))

        p(rts_badredirect, "\t%u bad routing redirect%s\n");
        p(rts_dynamic, "\t%u dynamically created route%s\n");
        p(rts_newgateway, "\t%u new gateway%s due to redirects\n");
        p(rts_unreach, "\t%u destination%s found unreachable\n");
        p(rts_wildcard, "\t%u use%s of a wildcard route\n");
        p(rts_badrtgwroute, "\t%u lookup%s returned indirect "
            "routes pointing to indirect gateway route\n");
#undef p

        if (rttrash || sflag <= 1)
                printf("\t%u route%s not in table but not freed\n",
                    rttrash, plural(rttrash));
}

void
upHex(char *p0)
{
        char *p = p0;

        for (; *p; p++)
                switch (*p) {

                case 'a':
                case 'b':
                case 'c':
                case 'd':
                case 'e':
                case 'f':
                        *p += ('A' - 'a');
                        break;
                }
}