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+
+<TABLE WIDTH=100%><TR>
+ <TD ALIGN=LEFT VALIGN=TOP>
+ <FONT SIZE=+0 FACE="COURIER"><B>A "Distributed Pcap" for<BR>Remote Monitoring LANs & WANs</B><BR>
+ (Design Notes for the SITA ACN device)</FONT>
+ </TD>
+ <TD ALIGN=RIGHT VALIGN=TOP>
+ Fulko Hew<BR>SITA INC Canada, Inc.<BR>Revised: October 2, 2007
+ </TD>
+</TR></TABLE>
+
+
+<H3>SUMMARY</H3>
+<UL>
+ <STRONG>Note:</STRONG> This document is part of the libpcap Git and was derived from 'pcap.3' (circa Aug/07).
+ <P>
+ The ACN provides a customized/distributed version of this library that alows SMPs to
+ interact with the various IOPs within the site providing a standard mechanism
+ to capture LAN and WAN message traffic.
+ <P>
+ <CENTER>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=75%>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP>SMP</TH>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The Supervisory Management Processor where Wireshark (or equivalent)
+ runs in conjuction with a libpcap front-end.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP>IOP</TH>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>I/O Processors where the monitored ports exist in conjunction
+ with a custom device driver/libpcap back-end.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </CENTER>
+ <P>
+ Each IOP will be capable of supporting multiple connections from an SMP
+ enabling monitoring of more than one interface at a time, each through
+ its own seperate connection. The IOP is responsible to ensure and report
+ an error if any attempt is made to monitor the same interface more than once.
+ <P>
+ There are three applications that will be supported by the ACN version of libpcap.
+ They each use a slightly different mode for looping/capturing and termination
+ as summarized in the following table:
+ <P>
+ <CENTER>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR><TH>Application</TH> <TH>Capture</TH> <TH>Termination</TH></TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>wireshark</TH>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_dispatch(all packets in one buffer of capture only)</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_breakloop()</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>tshark</TH>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_dispatch(one buffer of capture only)</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Since a CTRL-C was used to terminate the application, pcap_breakloop() is never called.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>tcpdump</TH>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_loop(all packets in the next buffer, and loop forever)</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_breakloop()</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </CENTER>
+ <P>
+ <B>Note: </B>In all cases, the termination of capturing is always (apparently) followed by
+ pcap_close(). Pcap_breakloop() is only used to stop/suspend looping/processing,
+ and upon close interpretation of the function definitions, it is possible to resume
+ capturing following a pcap_breakloop() without any re-initialization.
+ <P>
+ <H4>ACN Limitations</H4>
+ <OL>
+ <LI>Monitoring of backup IOPs is not currently supported.
+ <LI>Ethernet interfaces cannot be monitored in promiscuous mode.
+ </OL>
+
+</UL>
+
+<H3>ROUTINES</H3>
+<UL>
+ The following list of functions is the sub-set of Pcap functions that have been
+ altered/enhanced to support the ACN remote monitoring facility. The remainder of the Pcap
+ functions continue to perform their duties un-altered. Libpcap only supports this
+ mode of operation if it has been configured/compiled for SITA/ACN support.
+ <P>
+ <UL><FONT FACE=COURIER>
+ pcap_findalldevs<BR>
+ pcap_freealldevs<BR>
+ pcap_open_live<BR>
+ pcap_close<BR>
+ pcap_setfilter<BR>
+ pcap_dispatch<BR>
+ pcap_loop<BR>
+ pcap_next<BR>
+ pcap_next_ex<BR>
+ pcap_stats<BR>
+ </FONT></UL>
+
+ These subroutines have been modified for the ACN specific distributed and remote monitoring
+ ability perform the following basic functions. More detail is provided in the
+ "SMP/IOP Inter-Process Communication Protocol" section.
+ <P>
+<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_open_live()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Used to obtain a packet capture descriptor to look at packets on the network.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP will open a connection to the selected IOP on its 'sniffer' port
+ to ensure it is available. It sends a null terminated string identifying
+ the interface to be monitored.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ After any required processing is complete, the IOP will return a
+ null terminated string containing an error message if one occured.
+ If no error occured, a empty string is still returned.
+ Errors are:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>"Interface (xxx) does not exist."
+ <LI>"Interface (xxx) not configured."
+ <LI>"Interface (xxx) already being monitored."
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_findalldevs()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>It constructs a list of network devices that can be opened with pcap_open_live().</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ It obtains a list of IOPs currently available (via /etc/hosts).
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP will sequentially open a connection to each IOP on its 'sniffer' port to ensure
+ the IOP is available.
+ It sends a null terminated empty interface ID followed by the query request command.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
+ <TD>The IOP returns an error response and its list of devices.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP closes the TCP connection with each IOP.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP adds the received information to its internal structure.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_freealldevs()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Used to free a list allocated by pcap_findalldevs().</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP frees the structure it built as a result of the previous
+ invocation of pcap_findalldevs().
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_dispatch()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Used to collect and process packets.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ On the first invocation of pcap_dispatch(), pcap_loop(), or pcap_next(), or pcap_next_ex() following a pcap_open_live(),
+ the SMP will pass down the monitor start command and various parameters the IOP should use.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP now sends a stream of captured data.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP will read the reverse channel of the connection between the SMP and the
+ IOP that provides the captured data (via 'p->read_op' which is 'pcap_read_linux()'
+ until the select() call returns a 'no more data' indication.
+ It will the process (at most) the next 'cnt' packets and invoke the specified
+ callback function for each packet processed.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP continues to listen for additional commands as well as capturing and forwarding data to the SMP.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_loop()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>
+ Is similar to pcap_dispatch() except it keeps reading packets until
+ the requested number of packets are processed or an error occurs.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ On the first invocation of pcap_dispatch(), pcap_loop(), or pcap_next(), or pcap_next_ex() following a pcap_open_live(),
+ the SMP will pass down the monitor start command and various parameters the IOP should use.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP now sends a stream of captured data.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP continuously reads the next packet from the reverse channel of the connection
+ between the SMP and the IOP that provides the captured data (via 'p->read_op'
+ which is 'pcap_read_linux()' until 'cnt' packets have been received.
+ The specified callback function will be invoked for each packet received.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP continues to listen for additional commands as well as capturing and forwarding data to the SMP.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_next()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>
+ It reads the next packet (by calling pcap_dispatch() with a count of 1)
+ and returns a pointer to the data in that packet.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ On the first invocation of pcap_dispatch(), pcap_loop(), or pcap_next(), or pcap_next_ex() following a pcap_open_live(),
+ the SMP will pass down the monitor start command and various parameters the IOP should use.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP now sends a stream of captured data.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP reads only the next packet from the reverse channel of the connection
+ between the SMP and the IOP that provides the captured data (via calling pcap_dispatch()
+ with a count of 1) and returns a pointer to that data by invoking an internal callback.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP continues to listen for additional commands as well as capturing and forwarding data to the SMP.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_next_ex()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Reads the next packet and returns a success/failure indication.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ On the first invocation of pcap_dispatch(), pcap_loop(), or pcap_next(), or pcap_next_ex() following a pcap_open_live(),
+ the SMP will pass down the monitor start command and various parameters the IOP should use.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP now sends a stream of captured data.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP reads only the next packet from the reverse channel of the connection
+ between the SMP and the IOP that provides the captured data (via calling pcap_dispatch()
+ with a count of 1) and returns seperate pointers to both the
+ packet header and packet data by invoking an internal callback.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP continues to listen for additional commands as well as capturing and forwarding data to the SMP.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_setfilter()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Used to specify a filter program.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP sends a 'set filter' command followed by the BPF commands.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP returns a null terminated error string if it failed to accept the filter.
+ If no error occured, then a NULL terminated empty string is returned instead.
+ Errors are:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>"Invalid BPF."
+ <LI>"Insufficient resources for BPF."
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_stats()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Fills in a pcap_stat struct with packet statistics.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP sends a message to the IOP requesting its statistics.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The IOP returns the statistics.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP fills in the structure provided with the information retrieved from the IOP.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_close()</B></TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Closes the file and deallocates resources.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ The SMP closes the file descriptor, and if the descriptor is that of
+ the comminucation session with an IOP, it too is terminated.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
+ <TD>
+ If the IOP detects that its communication session with an SMP
+ has closed, it will terminate any monitoring in progress,
+ release any resources and close its end of the session.
+ It will not maintain persistance of any information or prior mode of operation.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE></TD></TR>
+</TABLE>
+</UL>
+
+<P>
+<H3>SMP/IOP Inter-Process Communication Protocol</H3>
+
+<UL>
+ <LI><P>Communications between an SMP and an IOP consists of a TCP session
+ between an ephemeral port on the SMP and the well known port of 49152
+ (which is the first available port in the 'dynamic and/or private port'
+ range) on an IOP.
+ <LI><P>Following a TCP open operation the IOP receives a null terminated
+ 'interface ID' string to determine the type of operation that follows:
+ <LI><P>Every command received by an IOP implies a 'stop trace/stop forwarding' operation must
+ occur before executing the received command.
+ <LI><P>A session is closed when the SMP closes the TCP session with the IOP.
+ Obviously monitoring and forwarding is also stopped at that time.
+
+ <B>Note: </B>All multi-octet entities are sent in network neutral order.
+ <P>
+
+ <TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5>
+ <TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=6>pcap_findalldevs()</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Open socket (to each IOP), and sends:
+ <P>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Interface ID</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>A NULL to indicate an empty 'interface ID'.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Send its (possibly empty) NULL terminated error response string.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Sends the 'interface query request':
+ <P>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Interface ID</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>A 'Q' (indicating 'interface query request').</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The IOP returns a list of sequences of information as
+ defined by the return parameter of this function call (as shown in the following table).
+ Elements are specified by providing an unsigned byte preceeding the actual data that contains length information.
+ <P>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Notes:</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD ROWSPAN=7>&nbsp;</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the name field that follows.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Name</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1-255</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The name of the interface. The format of the name is an alphabetic string (indicating
+ the type of interface) followed by an optional numeric string (indicating the interface's
+ sequence number).
+ Sequence numbers (if needed) will begin at zero and progress monotonically upwards.
+ (i.e. 'eth0', 'lo', 'wan0', etc.)
+ <P>
+ For an IOP, the alphabetic string will be one of: 'eth', 'wan', and 'lo'
+ for Ethernet, WAN ports and the IP loopback device respectively.
+ An IOP currently supports: 'eth0', 'eth1', 'lo', 'wan0' ... 'wan7'.
+ <P>
+ <B>Note:</B> IOPs and ACNs will not currently support the concept of 'any' interface.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the interface description field that follows.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Interface Description</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>0-255</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>A description of the interface or it may be an empty string. (i.e. 'ALC')</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Interface Type</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The type of interface as defined in the description for pcap_datalink() (in network neutral order).</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Loopback Flag</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>1 = if the interface is a loopback interface, zero = otherwise.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>count</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP># of address entries that follow.
+ Each entry is a series of bytes in network neutral order.
+ See the parameter definition above for more details.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=8 WIDTH=1%>Repeated 'count' number of times.</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the address field that follows.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Address</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1-255</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The address of this interface (in network neutral order).</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the netmask field that follows.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Network Mask</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>0-255</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The network mask used on this interface (if applicable) (in network neutral order).</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the broadcast address field that follows.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Broadcast Address</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>0-255</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The broadcast address of this interface (if applicable) (in network neutral order).</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the destination address field that follows.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Destination Address</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>0-255</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The destination address of this interface (if applicable) (in network neutral order).</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Close the socket.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Close the socket.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2>pcap_open_live()</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Open socket, and sends:
+ <P>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Interface ID</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>'n'</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>'n' octets containing a NULL terminated interface name string.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Send its NULL terminated error response string.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP ROWSPAN=2>pcap_dispatch()<BR>pcap_loop()<BR>pcap_next()<BR>pcap_next_ex()</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>On the first invocation following a pcap_open_live() or pcap_breakloop() additional information is sent:
+ <P>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>command</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>'M' (indicating 'monitor start')</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>snaplen</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>snaplen</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>timeout</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>timeout value (in milliseconds)</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>promiscuous</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>A flag indicating that the interface being monitored show operate
+ in promiscuous mode. [off(0) / on(NZ)]</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>direction</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>A flag indicating the direction of traffic that should be captuted [both(0) / in(1) / out(2)]</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>Sends captured packets.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2>pcap_setfilter()</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>At any time, the SMP can issue a set filter command which contains
+ an indicator, a count of the number of statements in the filter,
+ followed by the sequence of filter commands represented as a sequence
+ of C-style structures.
+ <P>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>command</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>'F' (indicating 'filter')</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>count</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of command in the Berkeley Packet Filter that follow.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>BPF program</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>'n'</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>8 bytes of each command (repeated 'n' times).<BR>
+ Each command consists of that C-style structure which contains:
+ <P>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>opcode</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>2</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The command's opcode.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>'jt'</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The 'jump if true' program counter offset.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>'jf'</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The 'jump if false' program counter offset.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>'k'</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The 'other' data field.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ <P>
+ Refer to the bpf(4) man page for more details.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>In return the IOP will send its (possibly empty) NULL terminated error response string.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2>pcap_stats()</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>At any time, the SMP can issue a 'retrieve statistics' command which contains:<BR>
+ <P>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>command</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>'S' (indicating 'request statistics')</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>In return the IOP will send:
+ <P>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>ps_recv</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of packets that passed the filter.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>ps_drop</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of packets that were dropped because the input queue was full,
+ regardless of whether they passed the filter.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>ps_ifdrop</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of packets dropped by the network inteface
+ (regardless of whether they would have passed the input filter).</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=1>pcap_close()</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>At any time, the SMP can close the TCP session with the IOP.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
+ </TABLE>
+</UL>
+
+<H3>Interface ID Naming Convention</H3>
+<UL>
+ Each interface within an IOP will be referred to uniquely. Since an currently contains
+ 8 monitorable WAN ports and a monitorable Ethernet port, the naming convention is:
+ <P>
+ <CENTER>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR><TH>Interface #</TH> <TH>Type</TH> <TH>Name</TH></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan0</TD></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>2</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan1</TD></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>3</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan2</TD></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan3</TD></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>5</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan4</TD></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>6</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan5</TD></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>7</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan6</TD></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>8</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan7</TD></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>9</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>Ethernet</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>eth0</TD></TR>
+ <TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>10</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>Ethernet</TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>eth1</TD></TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </CENTER>
+</UL>
+
+<H3>Packet Trace Data Format</H3>
+<UL>
+ The format of the trace data that is sent to the SMP follows a portion of the libpcap file format
+ and is summarized here. This format specifies the generic requirements needed to
+ be able to decode packets, but does not cover ACN specifics such as custom MAC addressing
+ and WAN protocol support.
+ <P>
+
+ Although a libpcap file begins with a global header followed by zero or
+ more records for each captured packet, trace data sent to the SMP does NOT begin with a global header.
+ A trace sequence looks like this:
+ <P>
+ <TABLE>
+ <TR>
+ <TD STYLE="background-color: #c0FFc0">&nbsp;[Packet Header]&nbsp;</TD>
+ <TD STYLE="background-color: #c0FFc0">&nbsp;[Packet Data]&nbsp;</TD>
+ <TD STYLE="background-color: #c0c0FF">&nbsp;[Packet Header]&nbsp;</TD>
+ <TD STYLE="background-color: #c0c0FF">&nbsp;[Packet Data]&nbsp;</TD>
+ <TD STYLE="background-color: #e0c0c0">&nbsp;[Packet Header]&nbsp;</TD>
+ <TD STYLE="background-color: #e0c0c0">&nbsp;[Packet Data]&nbsp;</TD>
+ <TD>...</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+
+<H4>Packet Header</H4>
+ <UL>
+ Each captured packet starts with a header that contains the following values
+ (in network neutral order):
+
+ <FONT SIZE=-1>
+ <PRE>
+ uint32 tv_sec; /* timestamp seconds */
+ uint32 tv_usec; /* timestamp microseconds */
+ uint32 caplen; /* number of octets in the following packet */
+ uint32 len; /* original length of packet on the wire */
+ </PRE>
+ </FONT>
+
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>tv_sec</TD>
+ <TD>The date and time when this packet was captured.
+ This value is in seconds since January 1, 1970 00:00:00 GMT;
+ this is also known as a UN*X time_t. You can use the ANSI C
+ <em>time()</em> function from <em>time.h</em> to get this value,
+ but you might use a more optimized way to get this timestamp value.
+ If this timestamp isn't based on GMT (UTC), use <em>thiszone</em>
+ from the global header for adjustments.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>tv_usec</TD>
+ <TD>The microseconds when this packet was captured, as an offset to <em>ts_sec</em>.
+ <B>Beware: </B>this value must never reach 1 second (1,000,000),
+ in this case <em>ts_sec</em> must be increased instead!</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>caplen</TD>
+ <TD>The number of bytes actually provided in the capture record.
+ This value should never become larger than <em>len</em> or the
+ <em>snaplen</em> value specified during the capture.</TD>
+ </TR>
+ <TR>
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP>len</TD>
+ <TD>The length of the packet "on the wire" when it was captured.
+ If <em>caplen</em> and <em>len</em> differ, the actually
+ saved packet size was limited by the value of <em>snaplen</em> specified
+ during one of the capture directives such as pcap_dispatch().</TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </UL>
+
+<H4>Packet Data</H4>
+ <UL>
+ The actual packet data will immediately follow the packet header as a sequence of <em>caplen</em> octets.
+ Depending on the DLT encoding number assigned to the interface, the packet data will contain an additional
+ custom header used to convey WAN port related information.
+ </UL>
+
+<H4>ACN Custom Packet Header</H4>
+ <UL>
+ PCAP, Wireshark and Tcpdump enhancements have been added to the ACN to support
+ monitoring of its ports, however each of these facilities were focused on capturing
+ and displaying traffic from LAN interfaces. The SITA extentions to these facilities
+ are used to also provide the ability to capture, filter, and display information from
+ an ACN's WAN ports.
+ <P>
+ Although each packet follows the standard libpcap format, since there are
+ two types of interfaces that can be monitored, the format of the data
+ packet varies slightly.
+ <P>
+ <UL TYPE=DISC>
+ <LI>For Ethernet (like) devices, the packet format is unchanged from the standard Pcap format.
+ <LI>For WAN devices, the packet contains a 5 byte header that preceeds the actual captured data
+ described by the following table:
+ </UL>
+ <P>
+ <CENTER>
+ <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
+ <TR> <TH>Octet</TH>
+ <TH>Name</TH>
+ <TH>Mask/Value</TH>
+ <TH COLSPAN=2>Definition</TH> </TR>
+
+ <TR> <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=3>0</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=3>Control / Status</TH>
+
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx0</FONT></TD>
+ <TD>Transmitted by capture device</TD>
+ <TD ROWSPAN=2 ALIGN=CENTER>(see 'Errors' octets)</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx1</FONT></TD>
+ <TD>Received by capture device</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">1xxxxxxx</FONT></TD>
+ <TD COLSPAN=2>No buffer was available during capture of previous packet.</TD> </TR>
+
+ <TR> <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=8>1</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=8>Signals</TH>
+
+ <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx1</FONT></TD> <TD COLSPAN=2>DSR asserted</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxx1x</FONT></TD> <TD COLSPAN=2>DTR asserted</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxx1xx</FONT></TD> <TD COLSPAN=2>CTS asserted</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxx1xxx</FONT></TD> <TD COLSPAN=2>RTS asserted</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxx1xxxx</FONT></TD> <TD COLSPAN=2>DCD asserted</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xx1xxxxx</FONT></TD> <TD COLSPAN=2>Undefined</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">x1xxxxxx</FONT></TD> <TD COLSPAN=2>Undefined</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">1xxxxxxx</FONT></TD> <TD COLSPAN=2>Undefined</TD> </TR>
+
+ <TR> <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=9>2</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=9>Errors<BR>(octet 1)</TH>
+
+ <TH>&nbsp;</TH> <TH>Tx</TH> <TH>Rx</TH> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx1</FONT></TD> <TD>Underrun</TD> <TD>Framing</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxx1x</FONT></TD> <TD>CTS Lost</TD> <TD>Parity</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxx1xx</FONT></TD> <TD>UART Error</TD> <TD>Collision</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxx1xxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Re-Tx Limit Reached</TD> <TD>Long Frame</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxx1xxxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Short Frame</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xx1xxxxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">x1xxxxxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">1xxxxxxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> </TR>
+
+ <TR> <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=9>3</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=9>Errors<BR>(octet 2)</TH>
+
+ <TH>&nbsp;</TH> <TH>Tx</TH> <TH>Rx</TH> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx1</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Non-Octet Aligned</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxx1x</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Abort Received</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxx1xx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>CD Lost</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxx1xxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Digital PLL Error</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxx1xxxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Overrun</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xx1xxxxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Frame Length Violation</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">x1xxxxxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>CRC Error</TD> </TR>
+ <TR> <TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">1xxxxxxx</FONT></TD> <TD>Undefined</TD> <TD>Break Received</TD> </TR>
+
+ <TR> <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=12>4</TH>
+ <TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Protocol</TH>
+
+ <TD COLSPAN=3>
+ <CENTER>
+ <TABLE BORDER=0 CELLPADDING=0 CELLSPACING=0>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x01</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>LAPB (BOP) <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x02</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>Ethernet <SUP>1</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x03</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>Async (Interrupt IO) <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x04</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>Async (Block IO) <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x05</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>IPARS <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x06</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>UTS <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x07</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>PPP (HDLC) <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x08</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>SDLC <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x09</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>Token Ring <SUP>1</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x10</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>I2C <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x11</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>DPM Link <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ <TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x12</TD> <TD>-</TD> <TD>Frame Relay (BOP) <SUP>&nbsp;</SUP> </TD> </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </CENTER>
+ <P>
+ <STRONG>Note 1:</STRONG>
+ Ethernet and Token Ring frames will never be sent as DLT_SITA (with the 5 octet header),
+ but will be sent as their corresponding DLT types instead.
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </CENTER>
+</UL>
+<P>
+</UL>
+</UL>