diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'network_cmds/traceroute.tproj')
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/README | 126 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/as.c | 242 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/as.h | 42 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/findsaddr-socket.c | 246 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/findsaddr.h | 23 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/gnuc.h | 43 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/ifaddrlist.c | 202 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/ifaddrlist.h | 57 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/mean.awk | 50 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/median.awk | 67 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.8 | 439 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.c | 1822 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.h | 26 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/version.c | 1 |
14 files changed, 3386 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/README b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/README new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6d33c6c --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/README @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ +Tue Dec 27 06:24:24 PST 1988 + +Traceroute is a system administrators utility to trace the route +ip packets from the current system take in getting to some +destination system. See the comments at the front of the +program for a description of its use. + +This program + + a) can only be run by root (it uses raw ip sockets). + + b) REQUIRES A KERNEL MOD to the raw ip output code to run. + +If you want to hack on your kernel, my modified version of the +routine rip_output (in file /sys/netinet/raw_ip.c) is attached. +This code may or may not resemble the code in your kernel. +It may offer you a place to start but I make no promises. +If you do hack your kernel, remember to test everything that uses +raw ip sockets (e.g., ping and egpup/gated) & make sure they still +work. I wish you the best of luck and you're on your own. + +If your system has the ttl bug mentioned in the source, you +might want to fix it while you're in the kernel. (This bug +appears in all releases of BSD up to but not including 4.3tahoe. +If your version of netinet/ip_icmp.c is any earlier than 7.3 +(April, '87), it has the bug.) The fix is just to add the line + ip->ip_ttl = MAXTTL; +after the line + ip->ip_src = t; +(or anywhere before the call to icmp_send) in routine icmp_reflect. + +If you're running this on a pre-4.3bsd system (e.g., Sun 3.x, +Ultrix) that strips ip headers from icmp messages, add -DARCHAIC +to CFLAGS in the Makefile. Also note that rip_output contains +a conditional for a 4.2/4.3 change in the location of a raw +socket's protocol number. I've checked this under 4.3 & Sun OS +3.5 but you should double-check your system to make sure the +appropriate branch of the #if is taken (check the line that +assigned to ip->ip_p in your system's original rip_output). + +A couple of awk programs to massage the traceroute output are +included. "mean.awk" and "median.awk" compute the mean and median +time to each hop, respectively. I've found that something like + + traceroute -q 7 foo.somewhere >t + awk -f median.awk t | graph + +can give you a quick picture of the bad spots on a long +path (median is usually a better noise filter than mean). + +Enjoy. + + - Van Jacobson (van@helios.ee.lbl.gov) + +-------------------- rip_output from /sys/netinet/raw_ip.c +rip_output(m, so) + register struct mbuf *m; + struct socket *so; +{ + register struct ip *ip; + int error; + struct rawcb *rp = sotorawcb(so); + struct sockaddr_in *sin; +#if BSD>=43 + short proto = rp->rcb_proto.sp_protocol; +#else + short proto = so->so_proto->pr_protocol; +#endif + /* + * if the protocol is IPPROTO_RAW, the user handed us a + * complete IP packet. Otherwise, allocate an mbuf for a + * header and fill it in as needed. + */ + if (proto != IPPROTO_RAW) { + /* + * Calculate data length and get an mbuf + * for IP header. + */ + int len = 0; + struct mbuf *m0; + + for (m0 = m; m; m = m->m_next) + len += m->m_len; + + m = m_get(M_DONTWAIT, MT_HEADER); + if (m == 0) { + m = m0; + error = ENOBUFS; + goto bad; + } + m->m_off = MMAXOFF - sizeof(struct ip); + m->m_len = sizeof(struct ip); + m->m_next = m0; + + ip = mtod(m, struct ip *); + ip->ip_tos = 0; + ip->ip_off = 0; + ip->ip_p = proto; + ip->ip_len = sizeof(struct ip) + len; + ip->ip_ttl = MAXTTL; + } else + ip = mtod(m, struct ip *); + + if (rp->rcb_flags & RAW_LADDR) { + sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&rp->rcb_laddr; + if (sin->sin_family != AF_INET) { + error = EAFNOSUPPORT; + goto bad; + } + ip->ip_src.s_addr = sin->sin_addr.s_addr; + } else + ip->ip_src.s_addr = 0; + + ip->ip_dst = ((struct sockaddr_in *)&rp->rcb_faddr)->sin_addr; + +#if BSD>=43 + return (ip_output(m, rp->rcb_options, &rp->rcb_route, + (so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) | IP_ALLOWBROADCAST)); +#else + return (ip_output(m, (struct mbuf *)0, &rp->rcb_route, + (so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) | IP_ALLOWBROADCAST)); +#endif +bad: + m_freem(m); + return (error); +} diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/as.c b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/as.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eb96851 --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/as.c @@ -0,0 +1,242 @@ +/* $FreeBSD: src/contrib/traceroute/as.c,v 1.1 2008/02/20 23:29:52 rpaulo Exp $ */ +/* $NetBSD: as.c,v 1.1 2001/11/04 23:14:36 atatat Exp $ */ + +/* + * Copyright (c) 2001 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. + * All rights reserved. + * + * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation + * by Andrew Brown. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software + * must display the following acknowledgement: + * This product includes software developed by the NetBSD + * Foundation, Inc. and its contributors. + * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its + * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived + * from this software without specific prior written permission. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS + * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED + * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR + * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS + * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR + * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF + * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS + * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN + * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) + * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE + * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +#include <sys/cdefs.h> +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <sys/socket.h> +#include <netinet/in.h> +#include <arpa/inet.h> +#include <netdb.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <err.h> +#include <stdio.h> + +#include "as.h" + +#define DEFAULT_AS_SERVER "whois.radb.net" +#undef AS_DEBUG_FILE + +struct aslookup { + FILE *as_f; +#ifdef AS_DEBUG_FILE + FILE *as_debug; +#endif /* AS_DEBUG_FILE */ +}; + +void * +as_setup(server) + char *server; +{ + struct aslookup *asn; + struct hostent *he = NULL; + struct servent *se; + struct sockaddr_in in; + FILE *f; + int s; + + if (server == NULL) + server = DEFAULT_AS_SERVER; + + (void)memset(&in, 0, sizeof(in)); + in.sin_family = AF_INET; + in.sin_len = sizeof(in); + if ((se = getservbyname("whois", "tcp")) == NULL) { + warnx("warning: whois/tcp service not found"); + in.sin_port = ntohs(43); + } else + in.sin_port = se->s_port; + + if (inet_aton(server, &in.sin_addr) == 0 && + ((he = gethostbyname(server)) == NULL || + he->h_addr == NULL)) { + warnx("%s: %s", server, hstrerror(h_errno)); + return (NULL); + } + + if ((s = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) { + warn("socket"); + return (NULL); + } + + do { + if (he != NULL) { + memcpy(&in.sin_addr, he->h_addr, he->h_length); + he->h_addr_list++; + } + if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&in, sizeof(in)) == 0) + break; + if (he == NULL || he->h_addr == NULL) { + close(s); + s = -1; + break; + } + } while (1); + + if (s == -1) { + warn("connect"); + return (NULL); + } + + f = fdopen(s, "r+"); + (void)fprintf(f, "!!\n"); + (void)fflush(f); + + asn = malloc(sizeof(struct aslookup)); + if (asn == NULL) + (void)fclose(f); + else + asn->as_f = f; + +#ifdef AS_DEBUG_FILE + asn->as_debug = fopen(AS_DEBUG_FILE, "w"); + if (asn->as_debug) { + (void)fprintf(asn->as_debug, ">> !!\n"); + (void)fflush(asn->as_debug); + } +#endif /* AS_DEBUG_FILE */ + + return (asn); +} + +int +as_lookup(_asn, addr) + void *_asn; + struct in_addr *addr; +{ + struct aslookup *asn = _asn; + char buf[1024]; + int as, rc, dlen; + + as = rc = dlen = 0; + (void)fprintf(asn->as_f, "!r%s/32,l\n", inet_ntoa(*addr)); + (void)fflush(asn->as_f); + +#ifdef AS_DEBUG_FILE + if (asn->as_debug) { + (void)fprintf(asn->as_debug, ">> !r%s/32,l\n", + inet_ntoa(*addr)); + (void)fflush(asn->as_debug); + } +#endif /* AS_DEBUG_FILE */ + + while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), asn->as_f) != NULL) { + buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0'; + +#ifdef AS_DEBUG_FILE + if (asn->as_debug) { + (void)fprintf(asn->as_debug, "<< %s", buf); + (void)fflush(asn->as_debug); + } +#endif /* AS_DEBUG_FILE */ + + if (rc == 0) { + rc = buf[0]; + switch (rc) { + case 'A': + /* A - followed by # bytes of answer */ + sscanf(buf, "A%d\n", &dlen); +#ifdef AS_DEBUG_FILE + if (asn->as_debug) { + (void)fprintf(asn->as_debug, + "dlen: %d\n", dlen); + (void)fflush(asn->as_debug); + } +#endif /* AS_DEBUG_FILE */ + break; + case 'C': + case 'D': + case 'E': + case 'F': + /* C - no data returned */ + /* D - key not found */ + /* E - multiple copies of key */ + /* F - some other error */ + break; + } + if (rc == 'A') + /* skip to next input line */ + continue; + } + + if (dlen == 0) + /* out of data, next char read is end code */ + rc = buf[0]; + if (rc != 'A') + /* either an error off the bat, or a done code */ + break; + + /* data received, thank you */ + dlen -= strlen(buf); + + /* origin line is the interesting bit */ + if (as == 0 && strncasecmp(buf, "origin:", 7) == 0) { + sscanf(buf + 7, " AS%d", &as); +#ifdef AS_DEBUG_FILE + if (asn->as_debug) { + (void)fprintf(asn->as_debug, "as: %d\n", as); + (void)fflush(asn->as_debug); + } +#endif /* AS_DEBUG_FILE */ + } + } + + return (as); +} + +void +as_shutdown(_asn) + void *_asn; +{ + struct aslookup *asn = _asn; + + (void)fprintf(asn->as_f, "!q\n"); + (void)fclose(asn->as_f); + +#ifdef AS_DEBUG_FILE + if (asn->as_debug) { + (void)fprintf(asn->as_debug, ">> !q\n"); + (void)fclose(asn->as_debug); + } +#endif /* AS_DEBUG_FILE */ + + free(asn); +} diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/as.h b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/as.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a4c6f47 --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/as.h @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +/* $FreeBSD: src/contrib/traceroute/as.h,v 1.1 2008/02/20 23:29:52 rpaulo Exp $ */ +/* $NetBSD: as.h,v 1.1 2001/11/04 23:14:36 atatat Exp $ */ + +/* + * Copyright (c) 2001 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. + * All rights reserved. + * + * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation + * by Andrew Brown. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software + * must display the following acknowledgement: + * This product includes software developed by the NetBSD + * Foundation, Inc. and its contributors. + * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its + * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived + * from this software without specific prior written permission. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS + * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED + * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR + * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS + * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR + * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF + * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS + * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN + * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) + * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE + * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +void *as_setup __P((char *)); +int as_lookup __P((void *, struct in_addr *)); +void as_shutdown __P((void *)); diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/findsaddr-socket.c b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/findsaddr-socket.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..01dcef1 --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/findsaddr-socket.c @@ -0,0 +1,246 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. + * + * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@ + * + * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code + * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License + * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in + * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License + * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of, + * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to + * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any + * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement. + * + * Please obtain a copy of the License at + * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file. + * + * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are + * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER + * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES, + * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. + * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and + * limitations under the License. + * + * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@ + */ + +/* + * Copyright (c) 2000 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software + * must display the following acknowledgement: + * This product includes software developed by the Computer Systems + * Engineering Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. + * 4. Neither the name of the University nor of the Laboratory may be used + * to endorse or promote products derived from this software without + * specific prior written permission. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND + * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE + * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE + * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE + * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL + * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS + * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) + * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT + * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY + * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF + * SUCH DAMAGE. + * + * $FreeBSD: src/contrib/traceroute/findsaddr-socket.c,v 1.2 2002/07/30 04:49:13 fenner Exp $ + */ + +/* XXX Yes this is WAY too complicated */ + +#include <sys/param.h> +#include <sys/file.h> +#include <sys/ioctl.h> +#include <sys/socket.h> +#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKIO_H +#include <sys/sockio.h> +#endif +#include <sys/time.h> /* concession to AIX */ + +#if __STDC__ +struct mbuf; +struct rtentry; +#endif + +#include <net/if.h> +#include <net/if_dl.h> +#include <net/route.h> +#include <netinet/in.h> + +#include <errno.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <unistd.h> + +#include "gnuc.h" +#ifdef HAVE_OS_PROTO_H +#include "os-proto.h" +#endif + +#include "findsaddr.h" + +#ifdef HAVE_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN +#define SALEN(sa) ((sa)->sa_len) +#else +#define SALEN(sa) salen(sa) +#endif + +#ifndef roundup +#define roundup(x, y) ((((x)+((y)-1))/(y))*(y)) /* to any y */ +#endif + +struct rtmsg { + struct rt_msghdr rtmsg; + u_char data[512]; +}; + +static struct rtmsg rtmsg = { + { 0, RTM_VERSION, RTM_GET, 0, + RTF_UP | RTF_GATEWAY | RTF_HOST | RTF_STATIC, + RTA_DST | RTA_IFA, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, { 0 } }, + { 0 } +}; + +#ifndef HAVE_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN +static int salen(struct sockaddr *); +#endif + +/* + * Return the source address for the given destination address + */ +const char * +findsaddr(register const struct sockaddr_in *to, + register struct sockaddr_in *from) +{ + register struct rt_msghdr *rp; + register u_char *cp; + + register struct sockaddr_in *sp, *ifa; + register struct sockaddr *sa; + register int s, size, cc, seq, i; + register pid_t pid; + static char errbuf[512]; + + s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, AF_UNSPEC); + if (s < 0) { + snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "socket: %.128s", strerror(errno)); + return (errbuf); + } + + seq = 0; + pid = getpid(); + + rp = &rtmsg.rtmsg; + rp->rtm_seq = ++seq; + cp = (u_char *)(rp + 1); + + sp = (struct sockaddr_in *)cp; + *sp = *to; + cp += roundup(SALEN((struct sockaddr *)sp), sizeof(u_int32_t)); + + size = cp - (u_char *)rp; + rp->rtm_msglen = size; + + cc = write(s, (char *)rp, size); + if (cc < 0) { + snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "write: %.128s", strerror(errno)); + close(s); + return (errbuf); + } + if (cc != size) { + snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "short write (%d != %d)", cc, size); + close(s); + return (errbuf); + } + + size = sizeof(rtmsg); + do { + memset(rp, 0, size); + cc = read(s, (char *)rp, size); + if (cc < 0) { + snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "read: %.128s", strerror(errno)); + close(s); + return (errbuf); + } + + } while (rp->rtm_seq != seq || rp->rtm_pid != pid); + close(s); + + + if (rp->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) { + snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "bad version %d", rp->rtm_version); + return (errbuf); + } + if (rp->rtm_msglen > cc) { + snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "bad msglen %d > %d", rp->rtm_msglen, cc); + return (errbuf); + } + if (rp->rtm_errno != 0) { + snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "rtm_errno: %.128s", strerror(rp->rtm_errno)); + return (errbuf); + } + + /* Find the interface sockaddr */ + cp = (u_char *)(rp + 1); + for (i = 1; i != 0; i <<= 1) + if ((i & rp->rtm_addrs) != 0) { + sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp; + switch (i) { + + case RTA_IFA: + if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET) { + ifa = (struct sockaddr_in *)cp; + if (ifa->sin_addr.s_addr != 0) { + *from = *ifa; + return (NULL); + } + } + break; + + default: + break; + /* empty */ + } + + if (SALEN(sa) == 0) + cp += sizeof (u_int32_t); + else + cp += roundup(SALEN(sa), sizeof (u_int32_t)); + } + + return ("failed!"); +} + +#ifndef HAVE_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN +static int +salen(struct sockaddr *sa) +{ + switch (sa->sa_family) { + + case AF_INET: + return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); + + case AF_LINK: + return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl)); + + default: + return (sizeof(struct sockaddr)); + } +} +#endif diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/findsaddr.h b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/findsaddr.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000..49ed9e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/findsaddr.h @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 2000 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions + * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2) + * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and + * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials + * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning + * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement: + * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California, + * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of + * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse + * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior + * written permission. + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED + * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + * + * @(#) $Id: findsaddr.h,v 1.2 2004/08/08 00:27:54 lindak Exp $ (LBL) + */ +const char *findsaddr(const struct sockaddr_in *, struct sockaddr_in *); diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/gnuc.h b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/gnuc.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f13c0be --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/gnuc.h @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +/* @(#) $Header: /Volumes/george/fs-svn/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/gnuc.h,v 1.2 2004/08/08 00:27:54 lindak Exp $ (LBL) */ + +/* Define __P() macro, if necessary */ +#ifndef __P +#if __STDC__ +#define __P(protos) protos +#else +#define __P(protos) () +#endif +#endif + +/* inline foo */ +#ifdef __GNUC__ +#define inline __inline +#else +#define inline +#endif + +/* + * Handle new and old "dead" routine prototypes + * + * For example: + * + * __dead void foo(void) __attribute__((volatile)); + * + */ +#ifdef __GNUC__ +#ifndef __dead +#define __dead volatile +#endif +#if __GNUC__ < 2 || (__GNUC__ == 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ < 5) +#ifndef __attribute__ +#define __attribute__(args) +#endif +#endif +#else +#ifndef __dead +#define __dead +#endif +#ifndef __attribute__ +#define __attribute__(args) +#endif +#endif diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/ifaddrlist.c b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/ifaddrlist.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..17b1026 --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/ifaddrlist.c @@ -0,0 +1,202 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 2009 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. + * + * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@ + * + * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code + * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License + * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in + * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License + * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of, + * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to + * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any + * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement. + * + * Please obtain a copy of the License at + * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file. + * + * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are + * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER + * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES, + * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. + * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and + * limitations under the License. + * + * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@ + */ + +/* + * Copyright (c) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software + * must display the following acknowledgement: + * This product includes software developed by the Computer Systems + * Engineering Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. + * 4. Neither the name of the University nor of the Laboratory may be used + * to endorse or promote products derived from this software without + * specific prior written permission. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND + * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE + * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE + * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE + * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL + * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS + * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) + * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT + * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY + * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF + * SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +#include <sys/param.h> +#include <sys/file.h> +#include <sys/ioctl.h> +#include <sys/socket.h> +#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKIO_H +#include <sys/sockio.h> +#endif +#include <sys/time.h> /* concession to AIX */ + +#if __STDC__ +struct mbuf; +struct rtentry; +#endif + +#include <net/if.h> +#include <netinet/in.h> + +#include <ctype.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <memory.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <unistd.h> + +#include "gnuc.h" +#ifdef HAVE_OS_PROTO_H +#include "os-proto.h" +#endif + +#include "ifaddrlist.h" + +/* + * Return the interface list + */ +int +ifaddrlist(register struct ifaddrlist **ipaddrp, register char *errbuf, size_t errbuflen) +{ + register int fd, nipaddr; +#ifdef HAVE_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN + register int n; +#endif + register struct ifreq *ifrp, *ifend, *ifnext, *mp; + register struct sockaddr_in *sin; + register struct ifaddrlist *al; + struct ifconf ifc; + struct ifreq ibuf[(32 * 1024) / sizeof(struct ifreq)], ifr; +#define MAX_IPADDR (sizeof(ibuf) / sizeof(ibuf[0])) + static struct ifaddrlist ifaddrlist[MAX_IPADDR]; + char device[sizeof(ifr.ifr_name) + 1]; + + fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); + if (fd < 0) { + (void)snprintf(errbuf, errbuflen, "socket: %s", strerror(errno)); + return (-1); + } + ifc.ifc_len = sizeof(ibuf); + ifc.ifc_buf = (caddr_t)ibuf; + + if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFCONF, (char *)&ifc) < 0 || + ifc.ifc_len < sizeof(struct ifreq)) { + if (errno == EINVAL) + (void)snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), + "SIOCGIFCONF: ifreq struct too small (%d bytes)", + (int)sizeof(ibuf)); + else + (void)snprintf(errbuf, errbuflen, "SIOCGIFCONF: %s", + strerror(errno)); + (void)close(fd); + return (-1); + } + ifrp = ibuf; + ifend = (struct ifreq *)((char *)ibuf + ifc.ifc_len); + + al = ifaddrlist; + mp = NULL; + nipaddr = 0; + for (; ifrp < ifend; ifrp = ifnext) { +#ifdef HAVE_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN + n = ifrp->ifr_addr.sa_len + sizeof(ifrp->ifr_name); + if (n < sizeof(*ifrp)) + ifnext = ifrp + 1; + else + ifnext = (struct ifreq *)((char *)ifrp + n); + if (ifrp->ifr_addr.sa_family != AF_INET) + continue; +#else + ifnext = ifrp + 1; +#endif + /* + * Need a template to preserve address info that is + * used below to locate the next entry. (Otherwise, + * SIOCGIFFLAGS stomps over it because the requests + * are returned in a union.) + */ + strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifrp->ifr_name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name)); + if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, (char *)&ifr) < 0) { + if (errno == ENXIO) + continue; + (void)snprintf(errbuf, errbuflen, "SIOCGIFFLAGS: %.*s: %s", + (int)sizeof(ifr.ifr_name), ifr.ifr_name, + strerror(errno)); + (void)close(fd); + return (-1); + } + + /* Must be up */ + if ((ifr.ifr_flags & IFF_UP) == 0) + continue; + + + (void)strlcpy(device, ifr.ifr_name, sizeof(device)); +#ifdef sun + /* Ignore sun virtual interfaces */ + if (strchr(device, ':') != NULL) + continue; +#endif + if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFADDR, (char *)&ifr) < 0) { + (void)snprintf(errbuf, errbuflen, "SIOCGIFADDR: %s: %s", + device, strerror(errno)); + (void)close(fd); + return (-1); + } + + if (nipaddr >= MAX_IPADDR) { + (void)snprintf(errbuf, errbuflen, "Too many interfaces (%d)", + (int)MAX_IPADDR); + (void)close(fd); + return (-1); + } + sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr; + al->addr = sin->sin_addr.s_addr; + al->device = strdup(device); + ++al; + ++nipaddr; + } + (void)close(fd); + + *ipaddrp = ifaddrlist; + return (nipaddr); +} diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/ifaddrlist.h b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/ifaddrlist.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000..53d91d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/ifaddrlist.h @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 2009 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. + * + * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@ + * + * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code + * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License + * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in + * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License + * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of, + * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to + * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any + * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement. + * + * Please obtain a copy of the License at + * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file. + * + * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are + * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER + * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES, + * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. + * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and + * limitations under the License. + * + * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@ + */ + +/* + * Copyright (c) 1997 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions + * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2) + * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and + * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials + * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning + * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement: + * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California, + * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of + * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse + * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior + * written permission. + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED + * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + * + * @(#) $Header: /Volumes/george/fs-svn/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/ifaddrlist.h,v 1.2 2004/08/08 00:27:54 lindak Exp $ (LBL) + */ + +struct ifaddrlist { + u_int32_t addr; + char *device; +}; + +int ifaddrlist(struct ifaddrlist **, char *, size_t ); diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/mean.awk b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/mean.awk new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e97a56f --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/mean.awk @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +#!/bin/awk -f +# +# Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 +# The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +# +# This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by +# Van Jacobson. +# +# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +# are met: +# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +# 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +# must display the following acknowledgement: +# This product includes software developed by the University of +# California, Berkeley and its contributors. +# 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +# may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +# without specific prior written permission. +# +# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +# ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +# OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +# HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +# LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +# OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +# SUCH DAMAGE. +# +# @(#)mean.awk 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 +# +/^ *[0-9]/ { + # print out the average time to each hop along a route. + tottime = 0; n = 0; + for (f = 5; f <= NF; ++f) { + if ($f == "ms") { + tottime += $(f - 1) + ++n + } + } + if (n > 0) + print $1, tottime/n, median +} diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/median.awk b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/median.awk new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1a8d81d --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/median.awk @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +#!/bin/awk -f +# +# Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 +# The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +# +# This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by +# Van Jacobson. +# +# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +# are met: +# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +# 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +# must display the following acknowledgement: +# This product includes software developed by the University of +# California, Berkeley and its contributors. +# 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +# may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +# without specific prior written permission. +# +# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +# ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +# OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +# HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +# LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +# OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +# SUCH DAMAGE. +# +# @(#)median.awk 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 +# +/^ *[0-9]/ { + # print out the median time to each hop along a route. + tottime = 0; n = 0; + for (f = 5; f <= NF; ++f) { + if ($f == "ms") { + ++n + time[n] = $(f - 1) + } + } + if (n > 0) { + # insertion sort the times to find the median + for (i = 2; i <= n; ++i) { + v = time[i]; j = i - 1; + while (time[j] > v) { + time[j+1] = time[j]; + j = j - 1; + if (j < 0) + break; + } + time[j+1] = v; + } + if (n > 1 && (n % 2) == 0) + median = (time[n/2] + time[(n/2) + 1]) / 2 + else + median = time[(n+1)/2] + + print $1, median + } +} diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.8 b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.8 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c726d7a --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.8 @@ -0,0 +1,439 @@ +.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted +.\" provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are +.\" duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, +.\" advertising materials, and other materials related to such +.\" distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed +.\" by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the +.\" University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived +.\" from this software without specific prior written permission. +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED +.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. +.\" +.Dd May 29, 2008 +.Dt TRACEROUTE 8 +.Os BSD 4.3 +.Sh NAME +.Nm traceroute +.Nd print the route packets take to network host +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm traceroute +.Op Fl adeFISdNnrvx +.Op Fl A Ar as_server +.Op Fl f Ar first_ttl +.Op Fl g Ar gateway +.Op Fl i Ar iface +.Op Fl M Ar first_ttl +.Op Fl m Ar max_ttl +.Op Fl P Ar proto +.Op Fl p Ar port +.Op Fl q Ar nqueries +.Op Fl s Ar src_addr +.Op Fl t Ar tos +.Op Fl w Ar waittime +.Op Fl z Ar pausemsecs +.Ar host +.Op Ar packetsize +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The Internet is a large and complex aggregation of +network hardware, connected together by gateways. +Tracking the route one's packets follow (or finding the miscreant +gateway that's discarding your packets) can be difficult. +.Nm +utilizes the IP protocol `time to live' field and attempts to elicit an +.Tn ICMP +.Dv TIME_EXCEEDED +response from each gateway along the path to some +host. +.Pp +The only mandatory parameter is the destination host name or IP number. +The default probe datagram length is 40 bytes, but this may be increased +by specifying a packet size (in bytes) after the destination host +name. +.Pp +Other options are: +.Bl -tag -width Ds +.It Fl a +Turn on AS# lookups for each hop encountered. +.It Fl A Ar as_server +Turn on AS# lookups and use the given server instead of the +default. +.It Fl d +Enable socket level debugging. +.It Fl D +When an ICMP response to our probe datagram is received, +print the differences between the transmitted packet and +the packet quoted by the ICMP response. +A key showing the location of fields within the transmitted packet is printed, +followed by the original packet in hex, +followed by the quoted packet in hex. +Bytes that are unchanged in the quoted packet are shown as underscores. +Note, +the IP checksum and the TTL of the quoted packet are not expected to match. +By default, only one probe per hop is sent with this option. +.It Fl e +Firewall evasion mode. +Use fixed destination ports for UDP and TCP probes. +The destination port does NOT increment with each packet sent. +.It Fl f Ar first_ttl +Set the initial time-to-live used in the first outgoing probe packet. +.It Fl F +Set the "don't fragment" bit. +.It Fl g Ar gateway +Specify a loose source route gateway (8 maximum). +.It Fl i Ar iface +Specify a network interface to obtain the source IP address for +outgoing probe packets. This is normally only useful on a multi-homed +host. (See the +.Fl s +flag for another way to do this.) +.It Fl I +Use +.Tn ICMP +ECHO instead of +.Tn UDP +datagrams. (A synonym for "-P icmp"). +.It Fl M Ar first_ttl +Set the initial time-to-live value used in outgoing probe packets. +The default is 1, i.e., start with the first hop. +.It Fl m Ar max_ttl +Set the max time-to-live (max number of hops) used in outgoing probe +packets. The default is +.Em net.inet.ip.ttl +hops (the same default used for +.Tn TCP +connections). +.It Fl n +Print hop addresses numerically rather than symbolically and numerically +(saves a nameserver address-to-name lookup for each gateway found on the +path). +.It Fl P Ar proto +Send packets of specified IP protocol. The currently supported protocols +are: +.Tn UDP +, +.Tn TCP +, +.Tn GRE +and +.Tn ICMP +Other protocols may also be specified (either by name or by number), though +.Nm +does not implement any special knowledge of their packet formats. This +option is useful for determining which router along a path may be +blocking packets based on IP protocol number. But see BUGS below. +.It Fl p Ar port +Protocol specific. For +.Tn UDP +and +.Tn TCP, +sets the base +.Ar port +number used in probes (default is 33434). +.Nm +hopes that nothing is listening on +.Tn UDP +ports +.Em base +to +.Em base+nhops-1 +at the destination host (so an +.Tn ICMP +.Dv PORT_UNREACHABLE +message will +be returned to terminate the route tracing). If something is +listening on a port in the default range, this option can be used +to pick an unused port range. +.It Fl q Ar nqueries +Set the number of probes per ``ttl'' to +.Ar nqueries +(default is three probes). +.It Fl r +Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to a host on an attached +network. +If the host is not on a directly-attached network, +an error is returned. +This option can be used to ping a local host through an interface +that has no route through it (e.g., after the interface was dropped by +.Xr routed 8 ) . +.It Fl s Ar src_addr +Use the following IP address +(which must be given as an IP number, not +a hostname) as the source address in outgoing probe packets. On +hosts with more than one IP address, this option can be used to +force the source address to be something other than the IP address +of the interface the probe packet is sent on. If the IP address +is not one of this machine's interface addresses, an error is +returned and nothing is sent. +(See the +.Fl i +flag for another way to do this.) +.It Fl S +Print a summary of how many probes were not answered for each hop. +.It Fl t Ar tos +Set the +.Em type-of-service +in probe packets to the following value (default zero). The value must be +a decimal integer in the range 0 to 255. This option can be used to +see if different types-of-service result in different paths. (If you +are not running a +.Bx 4.4 +or later system, this may be academic since the normal network +services like telnet and ftp don't let you control the +.Dv TOS ) . +Not all values of +.Dv TOS +are legal or +meaningful \- see the IP spec for definitions. Useful values are +probably +.Ql \-t 16 +(low delay) and +.Ql \-t 8 +(high throughput). +.It Fl v +Verbose output. Received +.Tn ICMP +packets other than +.Dv TIME_EXCEEDED +and +.Dv UNREACHABLE Ns s +are listed. +.It Fl w +Set the time (in seconds) to wait for a response to a probe (default 5 sec.). +.It Fl x +Toggle IP checksums. Normally, this prevents +.Nm +from calculating +IP checksums. In some cases, the operating system can overwrite parts of +the outgoing packet but not recalculate the checksum (so in some cases +the default is to not calculate checksums and using +.Fl x +causes them to be calculated). Note that checksums are usually required +for the last hop when using +.Tn ICMP +ECHO probes ( +.Fl I +). So they are always calculated when using ICMP. +.It Fl z Ar pausemsecs +Set the time (in milliseconds) to pause between probes (default 0). +Some systems such as Solaris and routers such as Ciscos rate limit +ICMP messages. A good value to use with this this is 500 (e.g. 1/2 second). +.El +.Pp +This program attempts to trace the route an IP packet would follow to some +internet host by launching +.Tn UDP +probe +packets with a small ttl (time to live) then listening for an +.Tn ICMP +"time exceeded" reply from a gateway. We start our probes +with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an +.Tn ICMP +"port unreachable" +(which means we got to "host") or hit a max (which +defaults to +.Em net.inet.ip.ttl +hops & can be changed with the +.Fl m +flag). Three +probes (changed with +.Fl q +flag) are sent at each ttl setting and a +line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway and +round trip time of each probe. If the probe answers come from +different gateways, the address of each responding system will +be printed. If there is no response within a 5 sec. timeout +interval (changed with the +.Fl w +flag), a "*" is printed for that +probe. +.Pp +We don't want the destination +host to process the +.Tn UDP +probe packets so the destination port is set to an +unlikely value (if some clod on the destination is using that +value, it can be changed with the +.Fl p +flag). +.Pp +A sample use and output might be: +.Bd -literal +[yak 71]% traceroute nis.nsf.net. +traceroute to nis.nsf.net (35.1.1.48), 64 hops max, 38 byte packet +1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 19 ms 19 ms 0 ms +2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms +3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms +4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 39 ms +5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms +6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 40 ms 59 ms 59 ms +7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 59 ms +8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 99 ms 99 ms 80 ms +9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 239 ms 319 ms +10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 220 ms 199 ms 199 ms +11 nic.merit.edu (35.1.1.48) 239 ms 239 ms 239 ms + +.Ed +Note that lines 2 & 3 are the same. This is due to a buggy +kernel on the 2nd hop system \- lbl-csam.arpa \- that forwards +packets with a zero ttl (a bug in the distributed version +of 4.3 +.Tn BSD ) . +Note that you have to guess what path +the packets are taking cross-country since the +.Tn NSFNet +(129.140) +doesn't supply address-to-name translations for its +.Tn NSS Ns es . +.Pp +A more interesting example is: +.Bd -literal +[yak 72]% traceroute allspice.lcs.mit.edu. +traceroute to allspice.lcs.mit.edu (18.26.0.115), 64 hops max +1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms +2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 19 ms 19 ms +3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 19 ms +4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 19 ms 39 ms 39 ms +5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 20 ms 39 ms 39 ms +6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 59 ms 119 ms 39 ms +7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 39 ms +8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 80 ms 79 ms 99 ms +9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 139 ms 159 ms +10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 199 ms 180 ms 300 ms +11 129.140.72.17 (129.140.72.17) 300 ms 239 ms 239 ms +12 * * * +13 128.121.54.72 (128.121.54.72) 259 ms 499 ms 279 ms +14 * * * +15 * * * +16 * * * +17 * * * +18 ALLSPICE.LCS.MIT.EDU (18.26.0.115) 339 ms 279 ms 279 ms + +.Ed +Note that the gateways 12, 14, 15, 16 & 17 hops away +either don't send +.Tn ICMP +"time exceeded" messages or send them +with a ttl too small to reach us. 14 \- 17 are running the +.Tn MIT +C Gateway code that doesn't send "time exceeded"s. God +only knows what's going on with 12. +.Pp +The silent gateway 12 in the above may be the result of a bug in +the 4.[23] +.Tn BSD +network code (and its derivatives): 4.x (x <= 3) +sends an unreachable message using whatever ttl remains in the +original datagram. Since, for gateways, the remaining ttl is +zero, the +.Tn ICMP +"time exceeded" is guaranteed to not make it back +to us. The behavior of this bug is slightly more interesting +when it appears on the destination system: +.Bd -literal +1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms +2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 39 ms +3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 39 ms 19 ms +4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 19 ms +5 ccn-nerif35.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.35) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms +6 csgw.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.133.254) 39 ms 59 ms 39 ms +7 * * * +8 * * * +9 * * * +10 * * * +11 * * * +12 * * * +13 rip.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.131.22) 59 ms ! 39 ms ! 39 ms ! + +.Ed +Notice that there are 12 "gateways" (13 is the final +destination) and exactly the last half of them are "missing". +What's really happening is that rip (a Sun-3 running Sun OS3.5) +is using the ttl from our arriving datagram as the ttl in its +.Tn ICMP +reply. So, the reply will time out on the return path +(with no notice sent to anyone since +.Tn ICMP's +aren't sent for +.Tn ICMP's ) +until we probe with a ttl that's at least twice the path +length. I.e., rip is really only 7 hops away. A reply that +returns with a ttl of 1 is a clue this problem exists. +.Nm +prints a "!" after the time if the ttl is <= 1. +Since vendors ship a lot of obsolete +.Pf ( Tn DEC Ns \'s +Ultrix, Sun 3.x) or +non-standard +.Pq Tn HPUX +software, expect to see this problem +frequently and/or take care picking the target host of your +probes. +.Pp +Other possible annotations after the time are +.Sy !H , +.Sy !N , +or +.Sy !P +(host, network or protocol unreachable), +.Sy !S +(source route failed), +.B !F\-<pmtu> +(fragmentation needed \- the RFC1191 Path MTU Discovery value is displayed), +.Sy !U +or +.Sy !W +(destination network/host unknown), +.Sy !I +(source host is isolated), +.Sy !A +(communication with destination network administratively prohibited), +.Sy !Z +(communication with destination host administratively prohibited), +.Sy !Q +(for this ToS the destination network is unreachable), +.Sy !T +(for this ToS the destination host is unreachable), +.Sy !X +(communication administratively prohibited), +.Sy !V +(host precedence violation), +.Sy !C +(precedence cutoff in effect), or +.Sy !<num> +(ICMP unreachable code <num>). +These are defined by RFC1812 (which supersedes RFC1716). +If almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, +.Nm +will give up and exit. +.Pp +This program is intended for use in network testing, measurement +and management. +It should be used primarily for manual fault isolation. +Because of the load it could impose on the network, it is unwise to use +.Nm +during normal operations or from automated scripts. +.Sh AUTHOR +Implemented by Van Jacobson from a suggestion by Steve Deering. Debugged +by a cast of thousands with particularly cogent suggestions or fixes from +C. Philip Wood, Tim Seaver and Ken Adelman. +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr netstat 1 , +.Xr ping 8 , +.Xr traceroute6 8 +.Sh BUGS +When using protocols other than UDP, functionality is reduced. +In particular, the last packet will often appear to be lost, because +even though it reaches the destination host, there's no way to know +that because no ICMP message is sent back. +In the TCP case, +.Nm +should listen for a RST from the destination host (or an intermediate +router that's filtering packets), but this is not implemented yet. +.Pp +The AS number capability reports information that may sometimes be +inaccurate due to discrepancies between the contents of the +routing database server and the current state of the Internet. diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.c b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a411d0a --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.c @@ -0,0 +1,1822 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 2004-2015 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. + * + * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@ + * + * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code + * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License + * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in + * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License + * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of, + * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to + * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any + * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement. + * + * Please obtain a copy of the License at + * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file. + * + * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are + * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER + * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES, + * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. + * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and + * limitations under the License. + * + * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@ + */ + +/* + * Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions + * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2) + * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and + * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials + * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning + * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement: + * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California, + * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of + * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse + * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior + * written permission. + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED + * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + */ + +#include <sys/cdefs.h> + +#ifndef lint +__unused static const char copyright[] = + "@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000\n\ +The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; +#endif + +/* + * traceroute host - trace the route ip packets follow going to "host". + * + * Attempt to trace the route an ip packet would follow to some + * internet host. We find out intermediate hops by launching probe + * packets with a small ttl (time to live) then listening for an + * icmp "time exceeded" reply from a gateway. We start our probes + * with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an icmp "port + * unreachable" (which means we got to "host") or hit a max (which + * defaults to net.inet.ip.ttl hops & can be changed with the -m flag). + * Three probes (change with -q flag) are sent at each ttl setting and + * a line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway and + * round trip time of each probe. If the probe answers come from + * different gateways, the address of each responding system will + * be printed. If there is no response within a 5 sec. timeout + * interval (changed with the -w flag), a "*" is printed for that + * probe. + * + * Probe packets are UDP format. We don't want the destination + * host to process them so the destination port is set to an + * unlikely value (if some clod on the destination is using that + * value, it can be changed with the -p flag). + * + * A sample use might be: + * + * [yak 71]% traceroute nis.nsf.net. + * traceroute to nis.nsf.net (35.1.1.48), 64 hops max, 56 byte packet + * 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 19 ms 19 ms 0 ms + * 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms + * 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms + * 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 39 ms + * 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms + * 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 40 ms 59 ms 59 ms + * 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 59 ms + * 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 99 ms 99 ms 80 ms + * 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 239 ms 319 ms + * 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 220 ms 199 ms 199 ms + * 11 nic.merit.edu (35.1.1.48) 239 ms 239 ms 239 ms + * + * Note that lines 2 & 3 are the same. This is due to a buggy + * kernel on the 2nd hop system -- lbl-csam.arpa -- that forwards + * packets with a zero ttl. + * + * A more interesting example is: + * + * [yak 72]% traceroute allspice.lcs.mit.edu. + * traceroute to allspice.lcs.mit.edu (18.26.0.115), 64 hops max + * 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms + * 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 19 ms 19 ms + * 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 19 ms + * 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 19 ms 39 ms 39 ms + * 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 20 ms 39 ms 39 ms + * 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 59 ms 119 ms 39 ms + * 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 39 ms + * 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 80 ms 79 ms 99 ms + * 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 139 ms 159 ms + * 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 199 ms 180 ms 300 ms + * 11 129.140.72.17 (129.140.72.17) 300 ms 239 ms 239 ms + * 12 * * * + * 13 128.121.54.72 (128.121.54.72) 259 ms 499 ms 279 ms + * 14 * * * + * 15 * * * + * 16 * * * + * 17 * * * + * 18 ALLSPICE.LCS.MIT.EDU (18.26.0.115) 339 ms 279 ms 279 ms + * + * (I start to see why I'm having so much trouble with mail to + * MIT.) Note that the gateways 12, 14, 15, 16 & 17 hops away + * either don't send ICMP "time exceeded" messages or send them + * with a ttl too small to reach us. 14 - 17 are running the + * MIT C Gateway code that doesn't send "time exceeded"s. God + * only knows what's going on with 12. + * + * The silent gateway 12 in the above may be the result of a bug in + * the 4.[23]BSD network code (and its derivatives): 4.x (x <= 3) + * sends an unreachable message using whatever ttl remains in the + * original datagram. Since, for gateways, the remaining ttl is + * zero, the icmp "time exceeded" is guaranteed to not make it back + * to us. The behavior of this bug is slightly more interesting + * when it appears on the destination system: + * + * 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms + * 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 39 ms + * 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 39 ms 19 ms + * 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 19 ms + * 5 ccn-nerif35.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.35) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms + * 6 csgw.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.133.254) 39 ms 59 ms 39 ms + * 7 * * * + * 8 * * * + * 9 * * * + * 10 * * * + * 11 * * * + * 12 * * * + * 13 rip.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.131.22) 59 ms ! 39 ms ! 39 ms ! + * + * Notice that there are 12 "gateways" (13 is the final + * destination) and exactly the last half of them are "missing". + * What's really happening is that rip (a Sun-3 running Sun OS3.5) + * is using the ttl from our arriving datagram as the ttl in its + * icmp reply. So, the reply will time out on the return path + * (with no notice sent to anyone since icmp's aren't sent for + * icmp's) until we probe with a ttl that's at least twice the path + * length. I.e., rip is really only 7 hops away. A reply that + * returns with a ttl of 1 is a clue this problem exists. + * Traceroute prints a "!" after the time if the ttl is <= 1. + * Since vendors ship a lot of obsolete (DEC's Ultrix, Sun 3.x) or + * non-standard (HPUX) software, expect to see this problem + * frequently and/or take care picking the target host of your + * probes. + * + * Other possible annotations after the time are !H, !N, !P (got a host, + * network or protocol unreachable, respectively), !S or !F (source + * route failed or fragmentation needed -- neither of these should + * ever occur and the associated gateway is busted if you see one). If + * almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, traceroute + * will give up and exit. + * + * Notes + * ----- + * This program must be run by root or be setuid. (I suggest that + * you *don't* make it setuid -- casual use could result in a lot + * of unnecessary traffic on our poor, congested nets.) + * + * This program requires a kernel mod that does not appear in any + * system available from Berkeley: A raw ip socket using proto + * IPPROTO_RAW must interpret the data sent as an ip datagram (as + * opposed to data to be wrapped in a ip datagram). See the README + * file that came with the source to this program for a description + * of the mods I made to /sys/netinet/raw_ip.c. Your mileage may + * vary. But, again, ANY 4.x (x < 4) BSD KERNEL WILL HAVE TO BE + * MODIFIED TO RUN THIS PROGRAM. + * + * The udp port usage may appear bizarre (well, ok, it is bizarre). + * The problem is that an icmp message only contains 8 bytes of + * data from the original datagram. 8 bytes is the size of a udp + * header so, if we want to associate replies with the original + * datagram, the necessary information must be encoded into the + * udp header (the ip id could be used but there's no way to + * interlock with the kernel's assignment of ip id's and, anyway, + * it would have taken a lot more kernel hacking to allow this + * code to set the ip id). So, to allow two or more users to + * use traceroute simultaneously, we use this task's pid as the + * source port (the high bit is set to move the port number out + * of the "likely" range). To keep track of which probe is being + * replied to (so times and/or hop counts don't get confused by a + * reply that was delayed in transit), we increment the destination + * port number before each probe. + * + * Don't use this as a coding example. I was trying to find a + * routing problem and this code sort-of popped out after 48 hours + * without sleep. I was amazed it ever compiled, much less ran. + * + * I stole the idea for this program from Steve Deering. Since + * the first release, I've learned that had I attended the right + * IETF working group meetings, I also could have stolen it from Guy + * Almes or Matt Mathis. I don't know (or care) who came up with + * the idea first. I envy the originators' perspicacity and I'm + * glad they didn't keep the idea a secret. + * + * Tim Seaver, Ken Adelman and C. Philip Wood provided bug fixes and/or + * enhancements to the original distribution. + * + * I've hacked up a round-trip-route version of this that works by + * sending a loose-source-routed udp datagram through the destination + * back to yourself. Unfortunately, SO many gateways botch source + * routing, the thing is almost worthless. Maybe one day... + * + * -- Van Jacobson (van@ee.lbl.gov) + * Tue Dec 20 03:50:13 PST 1988 + */ + +#include <sys/param.h> +#include <sys/file.h> +#include <sys/ioctl.h> +#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H +#include <sys/select.h> +#endif +#include <sys/socket.h> +#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SYSCTL_H +#include <sys/sysctl.h> +#endif +#include <sys/time.h> + +#include <netinet/in_systm.h> +#include <netinet/in.h> +#include <netinet/ip.h> +#include <netinet/ip_var.h> +#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> +#include <netinet/udp.h> +#include <netinet/udp_var.h> +#include <netinet/tcp.h> +#include <netinet/tcpip.h> + +#include <arpa/inet.h> + +#ifdef IPSEC +#include <net/route.h> +#include <netinet6/ipsec.h> /* XXX */ +#endif /* IPSEC */ + +#include <ctype.h> +#include <err.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_H +#include <malloc.h> +#endif +#include <memory.h> +#include <netdb.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <unistd.h> + +#include "gnuc.h" +#ifdef HAVE_OS_PROTO_H +#include "os-proto.h" +#endif + +/* rfc1716 */ +#ifndef ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB +#define ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB 13 /* admin prohibited filter */ +#endif +#ifndef ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE +#define ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE 14 /* host precedence violation */ +#endif +#ifndef ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF +#define ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF 15 /* precedence cutoff */ +#endif + +#include "findsaddr.h" +#include "ifaddrlist.h" +#include "as.h" +#include "traceroute.h" + +/* Maximum number of gateways (include room for one noop) */ +#define NGATEWAYS ((int)((MAX_IPOPTLEN - IPOPT_MINOFF - 1) / sizeof(u_int32_t))) + +#ifndef MAXHOSTNAMELEN +#define MAXHOSTNAMELEN 64 +#endif + +#define Fprintf (void)fprintf +#define Printf (void)printf + +/* What a GRE packet header looks like */ +struct grehdr { + u_int16_t flags; + u_int16_t proto; + u_int16_t length; /* PPTP version of these fields */ + u_int16_t callId; +}; +#ifndef IPPROTO_GRE +#define IPPROTO_GRE 47 +#endif + +/* For GRE, we prepare what looks like a PPTP packet */ +#define GRE_PPTP_PROTO 0x880b + +/* Host name and address list */ +struct hostinfo { + char *name; + int n; + u_int32_t *addrs; +}; + +/* Data section of the probe packet */ +struct outdata { + u_char seq; /* sequence number of this packet */ + u_char ttl; /* ttl packet left with */ + struct timeval tv; /* time packet left */ +}; + +#ifndef HAVE_ICMP_NEXTMTU +/* Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191) */ +struct my_pmtu { + u_short ipm_void; + u_short ipm_nextmtu; +}; +#endif + +u_char packet[512]; /* last inbound (icmp) packet */ + +struct ip *outip; /* last output ip packet */ +u_char *outp; /* last output inner protocol packet */ + +struct ip *hip = NULL; /* Quoted IP header */ +int hiplen = 0; + +/* loose source route gateway list (including room for final destination) */ +u_int32_t gwlist[NGATEWAYS + 1]; + +int s; /* receive (icmp) socket file descriptor */ +int sndsock; /* send (udp) socket file descriptor */ + +struct sockaddr whereto; /* Who to try to reach */ +struct sockaddr wherefrom; /* Who we are */ +int packlen; /* total length of packet */ +int protlen; /* length of protocol part of packet */ +int minpacket; /* min ip packet size */ +int maxpacket = 32 * 1024; /* max ip packet size */ +int pmtu; /* Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191) */ +u_int pausemsecs; + +char *prog; +char *source; +char *hostname; +char *device; +static const char devnull[] = "/dev/null"; + +int nprobes = -1; +int max_ttl; +int first_ttl = 1; +u_short ident; +u_short port; /* protocol specific base "port" */ + +int options; /* socket options */ +int verbose; +int waittime = 5; /* time to wait for response (in seconds) */ +int nflag; /* print addresses numerically */ +int as_path; /* print as numbers for each hop */ +char *as_server = NULL; +void *asn; +#ifdef CANT_HACK_IPCKSUM +int doipcksum = 0; /* don't calculate ip checksums by default */ +#else +int doipcksum = 1; /* calculate ip checksums by default */ +#endif +int optlen; /* length of ip options */ +int fixedPort = 0; /* Use fixed destination port for TCP and UDP */ +int printdiff = 0; /* Print the difference between sent and quoted */ + +extern int optind; +extern int opterr; +extern char *optarg; + +/* Forwards */ +double deltaT(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); +void freehostinfo(struct hostinfo *); +void getaddr(u_int32_t *, char *); +struct hostinfo *gethostinfo(char *); +u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int); +char *inetname(struct in_addr); +int main(int, char **); +u_short p_cksum(struct ip *, u_short *, int); +int packet_ok(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, int); +char *pr_type(u_char); +void print(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); +#ifdef IPSEC +int setpolicy __P((int so, char *policy)); +#endif +void send_probe(int, int); +struct outproto *setproto(char *); +int str2val(const char *, const char *, int, int); +void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); +void usage(void); +int wait_for_reply(int, struct sockaddr_in *, const struct timeval *); +void pkt_compare(const u_char *, int, const u_char *, int); +#ifndef HAVE_USLEEP +int usleep(u_int); +#endif + +void udp_prep(struct outdata *); +int udp_check(const u_char *, int); +void tcp_prep(struct outdata *); +int tcp_check(const u_char *, int); +void gre_prep(struct outdata *); +int gre_check(const u_char *, int); +void gen_prep(struct outdata *); +int gen_check(const u_char *, int); +void icmp_prep(struct outdata *); +int icmp_check(const u_char *, int); + +/* Descriptor structure for each outgoing protocol we support */ +struct outproto { + char *name; /* name of protocol */ + const char *key; /* An ascii key for the bytes of the header */ + u_char num; /* IP protocol number */ + u_short hdrlen; /* max size of protocol header */ + u_short port; /* default base protocol-specific "port" */ + void (*prepare)(struct outdata *); + /* finish preparing an outgoing packet */ + int (*check)(const u_char *, int); + /* check an incoming packet */ +}; + +/* List of supported protocols. The first one is the default. The last + one is the handler for generic protocols not explicitly listed. */ +struct outproto protos[] = { + { + "udp", + "spt dpt len sum", + IPPROTO_UDP, + sizeof(struct udphdr), + 32768 + 666, + udp_prep, + udp_check + }, + { + "tcp", + "spt dpt seq ack xxflwin sum urp", + IPPROTO_TCP, + sizeof(struct tcphdr), + 32768 + 666, + tcp_prep, + tcp_check + }, + { + "gre", + "flg pro len clid", + IPPROTO_GRE, + sizeof(struct grehdr), + GRE_PPTP_PROTO, + gre_prep, + gre_check + }, + { + "icmp", + "typ cod sum ", + IPPROTO_ICMP, + sizeof(struct icmp), + 0, + icmp_prep, + icmp_check + }, + { + NULL, + NULL, + 0, + 2 * sizeof(u_short), + 0, + gen_prep, + gen_check + }, +}; +struct outproto *proto = &protos[0]; + +const char *ip_hdr_key = "vhtslen id off tlprsum srcip dstip opts"; + +int +main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + register int op, code, n; + register char *cp; + register const char *err; + register u_int32_t *ap; + register struct sockaddr_in *from = (struct sockaddr_in *)&wherefrom; + register struct sockaddr_in *to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto; + register struct hostinfo *hi; + int on = 1; + register struct protoent *pe; + register int ttl, probe, i; + register int seq = 0; + int tos = 0, settos = 0; + register int lsrr = 0; + register u_short off = 0; + struct ifaddrlist *al; + char errbuf[132]; + int requestPort = -1; + int sump = 0; + int sockerrno = 0; + + if (argv[0] == NULL) + prog = "traceroute"; + else if ((cp = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL) + prog = cp + 1; + else + prog = argv[0]; + + /* Insure the socket fds won't be 0, 1 or 2 */ + if (open(devnull, O_RDONLY) < 0 || + open(devnull, O_RDONLY) < 0 || + open(devnull, O_RDONLY) < 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: open \"%s\": %s\n", + prog, devnull, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } + /* + * Do the setuid-required stuff first, then lose priveleges ASAP. + * Do error checking for these two calls where they appeared in + * the original code. + */ + cp = "icmp"; + pe = getprotobyname(cp); + if (pe) { + if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, pe->p_proto)) < 0) + sockerrno = errno; + else if ((sndsock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW)) < 0) + sockerrno = errno; + } + + setuid(getuid()); + +#ifdef IPCTL_DEFTTL + { + int mib[4] = { CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP, IPCTL_DEFTTL }; + size_t sz = sizeof(max_ttl); + + if (sysctl(mib, 4, &max_ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1) { + perror("sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)"); + exit(1); + } + } +#else + max_ttl = 30; +#endif + + opterr = 0; + while ((op = getopt(argc, argv, "aA:edDFInrSvxf:g:i:M:m:P:p:q:s:t:w:z:")) != EOF) + switch (op) { + case 'a': + as_path = 1; + break; + + case 'A': + as_path = 1; + as_server = optarg; + break; + + case 'd': + options |= SO_DEBUG; + break; + + case 'D': + printdiff = 1; + break; + + case 'e': + fixedPort = 1; + break; + + case 'f': + case 'M': /* FreeBSD compat. */ + first_ttl = str2val(optarg, "first ttl", 1, 255); + break; + + case 'F': + off = IP_DF; + break; + + case 'g': + if (lsrr >= NGATEWAYS) { + Fprintf(stderr, + "%s: No more than %d gateways\n", + prog, NGATEWAYS); + exit(1); + } + getaddr(gwlist + lsrr, optarg); + ++lsrr; + break; + + case 'i': + device = optarg; + break; + + case 'I': + proto = setproto("icmp"); + break; + + case 'm': + max_ttl = str2val(optarg, "max ttl", 1, 255); + break; + + case 'n': + ++nflag; + break; + + case 'P': + proto = setproto(optarg); + break; + + case 'p': + requestPort = (u_short)str2val(optarg, "port", + 1, (1 << 16) - 1); + break; + + case 'q': + nprobes = str2val(optarg, "nprobes", 1, -1); + break; + + case 'r': + options |= SO_DONTROUTE; + break; + + case 's': + /* + * set the ip source address of the outbound + * probe (e.g., on a multi-homed host). + */ + source = optarg; + break; + + case 'S': + sump = 1; + break; + + case 't': + tos = str2val(optarg, "tos", 0, 255); + ++settos; + break; + + case 'v': + ++verbose; + break; + + case 'x': + doipcksum = (doipcksum == 0); + break; + + case 'w': + waittime = str2val(optarg, "wait time", + 1, 24 * 60 * 60); + break; + + case 'z': + pausemsecs = str2val(optarg, "pause msecs", + 0, 60 * 60 * 1000); + break; + + default: + usage(); + } + + /* Set requested port, if any, else default for this protocol */ + port = (requestPort != -1) ? requestPort : proto->port; + + if (nprobes == -1) + nprobes = printdiff ? 1 : 3; + + if (first_ttl > max_ttl) { + Fprintf(stderr, + "%s: first ttl (%d) may not be greater than max ttl (%d)\n", + prog, first_ttl, max_ttl); + exit(1); + } + + if (!doipcksum) + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: Warning: ip checksums disabled\n", prog); + + if (lsrr > 0) + optlen = (lsrr + 1) * sizeof(gwlist[0]); + minpacket = sizeof(*outip) + proto->hdrlen + sizeof(struct outdata) + optlen; + packlen = minpacket; /* minimum sized packet */ + + /* Process destination and optional packet size */ + switch (argc - optind) { + + case 2: + packlen = str2val(argv[optind + 1], + "packet length", minpacket, maxpacket); + /* Fall through */ + + case 1: + hostname = argv[optind]; + hi = gethostinfo(hostname); + setsin(to, hi->addrs[0]); + if (hi->n > 1) + Fprintf(stderr, + "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses; using %s\n", + prog, hostname, inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); + hostname = hi->name; + hi->name = NULL; + freehostinfo(hi); + break; + + default: + usage(); + } + +#ifdef HAVE_SETLINEBUF + setlinebuf (stdout); +#else + setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0); +#endif + + protlen = packlen - sizeof(*outip) - optlen; + + outip = (struct ip *)malloc((unsigned)packlen); + if (outip == NULL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } + memset((char *)outip, 0, packlen); + + outip->ip_v = IPVERSION; + if (settos) + outip->ip_tos = tos; +#ifdef BYTESWAP_IP_HDR + outip->ip_len = htons(packlen); + outip->ip_off = htons(off); +#else + outip->ip_len = packlen; + outip->ip_off = off; +#endif + outip->ip_p = proto->num; + outp = (u_char *)(outip + 1); +#ifdef HAVE_RAW_OPTIONS + if (lsrr > 0) { + register u_char *optlist; + + optlist = outp; + outp += optlen; + + /* final hop */ + gwlist[lsrr] = to->sin_addr.s_addr; + + outip->ip_dst.s_addr = gwlist[0]; + + /* force 4 byte alignment */ + optlist[0] = IPOPT_NOP; + /* loose source route option */ + optlist[1] = IPOPT_LSRR; + i = lsrr * sizeof(gwlist[0]); + optlist[2] = i + 3; + /* Pointer to LSRR addresses */ + optlist[3] = IPOPT_MINOFF; + memcpy(optlist + 4, gwlist + 1, i); + } else +#endif + outip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr; + + outip->ip_hl = (outp - (u_char *)outip) >> 2; + ident = (getpid() & 0xffff) | 0x8000; + + if (pe == NULL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown protocol %s\n", prog, cp); + exit(1); + } + if (s < 0) { + errno = sockerrno; + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: icmp socket: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } + (void) setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RECV_ANYIF, (char *)&on, + sizeof(on)); + if (options & SO_DEBUG) + (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, + sizeof(on)); + if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) + (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on, + sizeof(on)); + +#if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) + if (setpolicy(s, "in bypass") < 0) + errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); + + if (setpolicy(s, "out bypass") < 0) + errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); +#endif /* defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) */ + + if (sndsock < 0) { + errno = sockerrno; + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: raw socket: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } + +#if defined(IP_OPTIONS) && !defined(HAVE_RAW_OPTIONS) + if (lsrr > 0) { + u_char optlist[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; + + cp = "ip"; + if ((pe = getprotobyname(cp)) == NULL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown protocol %s\n", prog, cp); + exit(1); + } + + /* final hop */ + gwlist[lsrr] = to->sin_addr.s_addr; + ++lsrr; + + /* force 4 byte alignment */ + optlist[0] = IPOPT_NOP; + /* loose source route option */ + optlist[1] = IPOPT_LSRR; + i = lsrr * sizeof(gwlist[0]); + optlist[2] = i + 3; + /* Pointer to LSRR addresses */ + optlist[3] = IPOPT_MINOFF; + memcpy(optlist + 4, gwlist, i); + + if ((setsockopt(sndsock, pe->p_proto, IP_OPTIONS, + (char *)optlist, i + sizeof(gwlist[0]))) < 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_OPTIONS: %s\n", + prog, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } + } +#endif + +#ifdef SO_SNDBUF + if (setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&packlen, + sizeof(packlen)) < 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_SNDBUF: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } +#endif +#ifdef IP_HDRINCL + if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&on, + sizeof(on)) < 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_HDRINCL: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } +#else +#ifdef IP_TOS + if (settos && setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, + (char *)&tos, sizeof(tos)) < 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: setsockopt tos %d: %s\n", + prog, tos, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } +#endif +#endif + if (options & SO_DEBUG) + (void)setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, + sizeof(on)); + if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) + (void)setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on, + sizeof(on)); + + /* Get the interface address list */ + n = ifaddrlist(&al, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf)); + if (n < 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: ifaddrlist: %s\n", prog, errbuf); + exit(1); + } + if (n == 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, + "%s: Can't find any network interfaces\n", prog); + exit(1); + } + + /* Look for a specific device */ + if (device != NULL) { + for (i = n; i > 0; --i, ++al) + if (strcmp(device, al->device) == 0) + break; + if (i <= 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't find interface %.32s\n", + prog, device); + exit(1); + } + } + + /* Determine our source address */ + if (source == NULL) { + /* + * If a device was specified, use the interface address. + * Otherwise, try to determine our source address. + */ + if (device != NULL) + setsin(from, al->addr); + else if ((err = findsaddr(to, from)) != NULL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: findsaddr: %s\n", + prog, err); + exit(1); + } + } else { + hi = gethostinfo(source); + source = hi->name; + hi->name = NULL; + /* + * If the device was specified make sure it + * corresponds to the source address specified. + * Otherwise, use the first address (and warn if + * there are more than one). + */ + if (device != NULL) { + for (i = hi->n, ap = hi->addrs; i > 0; --i, ++ap) + if (*ap == al->addr) + break; + if (i <= 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, + "%s: %s is not on interface %.32s\n", + prog, source, device); + exit(1); + } + setsin(from, *ap); + } else { + setsin(from, hi->addrs[0]); + if (hi->n > 1) + Fprintf(stderr, + "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses; using %s\n", + prog, source, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); + } + freehostinfo(hi); + } + + outip->ip_src = from->sin_addr; + + /* Check the source address (-s), if any, is valid */ + if (bind(sndsock, (struct sockaddr *)from, sizeof(*from)) < 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bind: %s\n", + prog, strerror(errno)); + exit (1); + } + + if (as_path) { + asn = as_setup(as_server); + if (asn == NULL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: as_setup failed, AS# lookups" + " disabled\n", prog); + (void)fflush(stderr); + as_path = 0; + } + } + +#if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) + if (setpolicy(sndsock, "in bypass") < 0) + errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); + + if (setpolicy(sndsock, "out bypass") < 0) + errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); +#endif /* defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) */ + + Fprintf(stderr, "%s to %s (%s)", + prog, hostname, inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); + if (source) + Fprintf(stderr, " from %s", source); + Fprintf(stderr, ", %d hops max, %d byte packets\n", max_ttl, packlen); + (void)fflush(stderr); + + for (ttl = first_ttl; ttl <= max_ttl; ++ttl) { + u_int32_t lastaddr = 0; + int gotlastaddr = 0; + int got_there = 0; + int unreachable = 0; + int sentfirst = 0; + int loss; + + Printf("%2d ", ttl); + for (probe = 0, loss = 0; probe < nprobes; ++probe) { + register int cc; + struct timeval t1, t2; + struct timezone tz; + register struct ip *ip; + struct outdata outdata; + + if (sentfirst && pausemsecs > 0) + usleep(pausemsecs * 1000); + /* Prepare outgoing data */ + outdata.seq = ++seq; + outdata.ttl = ttl; + + /* Avoid alignment problems by copying bytewise: */ + (void)gettimeofday(&t1, &tz); + memcpy(&outdata.tv, &t1, sizeof(outdata.tv)); + + /* Finalize and send packet */ + (*proto->prepare)(&outdata); + send_probe(seq, ttl); + ++sentfirst; + + /* Wait for a reply */ + while ((cc = wait_for_reply(s, from, &t1)) != 0) { + double T; + int precis; + + (void)gettimeofday(&t2, &tz); + i = packet_ok(packet, cc, from, seq); + /* Skip short packet */ + if (i == 0) + continue; + if (!gotlastaddr || + from->sin_addr.s_addr != lastaddr) { + if (gotlastaddr) printf("\n "); + print(packet, cc, from); + lastaddr = from->sin_addr.s_addr; + ++gotlastaddr; + } + T = deltaT(&t1, &t2); +#ifdef SANE_PRECISION + if (T >= 1000.0) + precis = 0; + else if (T >= 100.0) + precis = 1; + else if (T >= 10.0) + precis = 2; + else +#endif + precis = 3; + Printf(" %.*f ms", precis, T); + if (printdiff) { + Printf("\n"); + Printf("%*.*s%s\n", + -(outip->ip_hl << 3), + outip->ip_hl << 3, + ip_hdr_key, + proto->key); + pkt_compare((void *)outip, packlen, + (void *)hip, hiplen); + } + if (i == -2) { +#ifndef ARCHAIC + ip = (struct ip *)packet; + if (ip->ip_ttl <= 1) + Printf(" !"); +#endif + ++got_there; + break; + } + /* time exceeded in transit */ + if (i == -1) + break; + code = i - 1; + switch (code) { + + case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: +#ifndef ARCHAIC + ip = (struct ip *)packet; + if (ip->ip_ttl <= 1) + Printf(" !"); +#endif + ++got_there; + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !N"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !H"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: + ++got_there; + Printf(" !P"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !F-%d", pmtu); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !S"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !U"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !W"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !I"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !A"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !Z"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !Q"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !T"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !X"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !V"); + break; + + case ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !C"); + break; + + default: + ++unreachable; + Printf(" !<%d>", code); + break; + } + break; + } + if (cc == 0) { + loss++; + Printf(" *"); + } + (void)fflush(stdout); + } + if (sump) { + Printf(" (%d%% loss)", (loss * 100) / nprobes); + } + putchar('\n'); + if (got_there || + (unreachable > 0 && unreachable >= nprobes - 1)) + break; + } + if (as_path) + as_shutdown(asn); + exit(0); +} + +int +wait_for_reply(register int sock, register struct sockaddr_in *fromp, + register const struct timeval *tp) +{ + fd_set *fdsp; + size_t nfds; + struct timeval now, wait; + struct timezone tz; + register int cc = 0; + register int error; + socklen_t fromlen = sizeof(*fromp); + + nfds = howmany(sock + 1, NFDBITS); + if ((fdsp = malloc(nfds * sizeof(fd_set))) == NULL) + err(1, "malloc"); + memset(fdsp, 0, nfds * sizeof(fd_set)); + FD_SET(sock, fdsp); + + wait.tv_sec = tp->tv_sec + waittime; + wait.tv_usec = tp->tv_usec; + (void)gettimeofday(&now, &tz); + tvsub(&wait, &now); + if (wait.tv_sec < 0) { + wait.tv_sec = 0; + wait.tv_usec = 1; + } + + error = select(sock + 1, fdsp, NULL, NULL, &wait); + if (error == -1 && errno == EINVAL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: botched select() args\n", prog); + exit(1); + } + if (error > 0) + cc = recvfrom(sock, (char *)packet, sizeof(packet), 0, + (struct sockaddr *)fromp, &fromlen); + + free(fdsp); + return(cc); +} + +void +send_probe(int seq, int ttl) +{ + register int cc; + + outip->ip_ttl = ttl; + outip->ip_id = htons(ident + seq); + + /* XXX undocumented debugging hack */ + if (verbose > 1) { + register const u_short *sp; + register int nshorts, i; + + sp = (u_short *)outip; + nshorts = (u_int)packlen / sizeof(u_short); + i = 0; + Printf("[ %d bytes", packlen); + while (--nshorts >= 0) { + if ((i++ % 8) == 0) + Printf("\n\t"); + Printf(" %04x", ntohs(*sp++)); + } + if (packlen & 1) { + if ((i % 8) == 0) + Printf("\n\t"); + Printf(" %02x", *(u_char *)sp); + } + Printf("]\n"); + } + +#if !defined(IP_HDRINCL) && defined(IP_TTL) + if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, + (char *)&ttl, sizeof(ttl)) < 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: setsockopt ttl %d: %s\n", + prog, ttl, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } +#endif + + cc = sendto(sndsock, (char *)outip, + packlen, 0, &whereto, sizeof(whereto)); + if (cc < 0 || cc != packlen) { + if (cc < 0) + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: sendto: %s\n", + prog, strerror(errno)); + Printf("%s: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n", + prog, hostname, packlen, cc); + (void)fflush(stdout); + } +} + +#if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) +int +setpolicy(so, policy) + int so; + char *policy; +{ + char *buf; + + buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy, strlen(policy)); + if (buf == NULL) { + warnx("%s", ipsec_strerror()); + return -1; + } + (void)setsockopt(so, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, + buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)); + + free(buf); + + return 0; +} +#endif + +double +deltaT(struct timeval *t1p, struct timeval *t2p) +{ + register double dt; + + dt = (double)(t2p->tv_sec - t1p->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + + (double)(t2p->tv_usec - t1p->tv_usec) / 1000.0; + return (dt); +} + +/* + * Convert an ICMP "type" field to a printable string. + */ +char * +pr_type(register u_char t) +{ + static char *ttab[] = { + "Echo Reply", "ICMP 1", "ICMP 2", "Dest Unreachable", + "Source Quench", "Redirect", "ICMP 6", "ICMP 7", + "Echo", "ICMP 9", "ICMP 10", "Time Exceeded", + "Param Problem", "Timestamp", "Timestamp Reply", "Info Request", + "Info Reply" + }; + + if (t > 16) + return("OUT-OF-RANGE"); + + return(ttab[t]); +} + +int +packet_ok(register u_char *buf, int cc, register struct sockaddr_in *from, + register int seq) +{ + register struct icmp *icp; + register u_char type, code; + register int hlen; +#ifndef ARCHAIC + register struct ip *ip; + + ip = (struct ip *) buf; + hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; + if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { + if (verbose) + Printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, + inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); + return (0); + } + cc -= hlen; + icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); +#else + icp = (struct icmp *)buf; +#endif + type = icp->icmp_type; + code = icp->icmp_code; + /* Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191) */ + if (code != ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG) + pmtu = 0; + else { +#ifdef HAVE_ICMP_NEXTMTU + pmtu = ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu); +#else + pmtu = ntohs(((struct my_pmtu *)&icp->icmp_void)->ipm_nextmtu); +#endif + } + if (type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY + && proto->num == IPPROTO_ICMP + && (*proto->check)((u_char *)icp, (u_char)seq)) + return -2; + if ((type == ICMP_TIMXCEED && code == ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS) || + type == ICMP_UNREACH) { + u_char *inner; + + hip = &icp->icmp_ip; + hiplen = ((u_char *)icp + cc) - (u_char *)hip; + hlen = hip->ip_hl << 2; + inner = (u_char *)((u_char *)hip + hlen); + if (hlen + 12 <= cc + && hip->ip_p == proto->num + && (*proto->check)(inner, (u_char)seq)) + return (type == ICMP_TIMXCEED ? -1 : code + 1); + } +#ifndef ARCHAIC + if (verbose) { + register int i; + u_int32_t *lp = (u_int32_t *)&icp->icmp_ip; + + Printf("\n%d bytes from %s to ", cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); + Printf("%s: icmp type %d (%s) code %d\n", + inet_ntoa(ip->ip_dst), type, pr_type(type), icp->icmp_code); + for (i = 4; i < cc ; i += sizeof(*lp)) + Printf("%2d: x%8.8x\n", i, *lp++); + } +#endif + return(0); +} + +void +icmp_prep(struct outdata *outdata) +{ + struct icmp *const icmpheader = (struct icmp *) outp; + + icmpheader->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; + icmpheader->icmp_id = htons(ident); + icmpheader->icmp_seq = htons(outdata->seq); + icmpheader->icmp_cksum = 0; + icmpheader->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icmpheader, protlen); + if (icmpheader->icmp_cksum == 0) + icmpheader->icmp_cksum = 0xffff; +} + +int +icmp_check(const u_char *data, int seq) +{ + struct icmp *const icmpheader = (struct icmp *) data; + + return (icmpheader->icmp_id == htons(ident) + && icmpheader->icmp_seq == htons(seq)); +} + +void +udp_prep(struct outdata *outdata) +{ + struct udphdr *const outudp = (struct udphdr *) outp; + + outudp->uh_sport = htons(ident + (fixedPort ? outdata->seq : 0)); + outudp->uh_dport = htons(port + (fixedPort ? 0 : outdata->seq)); + outudp->uh_ulen = htons((u_short)protlen); + outudp->uh_sum = 0; + if (doipcksum) { + u_short sum = p_cksum(outip, (u_short*)outudp, protlen); + outudp->uh_sum = (sum) ? sum : 0xffff; + } + + return; +} + +int +udp_check(const u_char *data, int seq) +{ + struct udphdr *const udp = (struct udphdr *) data; + + return (ntohs(udp->uh_sport) == ident + (fixedPort ? seq : 0) && + ntohs(udp->uh_dport) == port + (fixedPort ? 0 : seq)); +} + +void +tcp_prep(struct outdata *outdata) +{ + struct tcphdr *const tcp = (struct tcphdr *) outp; + + tcp->th_sport = htons(ident); + tcp->th_dport = htons(port + (fixedPort ? 0 : outdata->seq)); + tcp->th_seq = (tcp->th_sport << 16) | (tcp->th_dport + + (fixedPort ? outdata->seq : 0)); + tcp->th_ack = 0; + tcp->th_off = 5; + tcp->th_flags = TH_SYN; + tcp->th_sum = 0; + + if (doipcksum) { + u_short sum = p_cksum(outip, (u_short*)tcp, protlen); + tcp->th_sum = (sum) ? sum : 0xffff; + } +} + +int +tcp_check(const u_char *data, int seq) +{ + struct tcphdr *const tcp = (struct tcphdr *) data; + + return (ntohs(tcp->th_sport) == ident + && ntohs(tcp->th_dport) == port + (fixedPort ? 0 : seq)) + && tcp->th_seq == ((ident << 16) | (port + seq)); +} + +void +gre_prep(struct outdata *outdata) +{ + struct grehdr *const gre = (struct grehdr *) outp; + + gre->flags = htons(0x2001); + gre->proto = htons(port); + gre->length = 0; + gre->callId = htons(ident + outdata->seq); +} + +int +gre_check(const u_char *data, int seq) +{ + struct grehdr *const gre = (struct grehdr *) data; + + return(ntohs(gre->proto) == port + && ntohs(gre->callId) == ident + seq); +} + +void +gen_prep(struct outdata *outdata) +{ + u_int16_t *const ptr = (u_int16_t *) outp; + + ptr[0] = htons(ident); + ptr[1] = htons(port + outdata->seq); +} + +int +gen_check(const u_char *data, int seq) +{ + u_int16_t *const ptr = (u_int16_t *) data; + + return(ntohs(ptr[0]) == ident + && ntohs(ptr[1]) == port + seq); +} + +void +print(register u_char *buf, register int cc, register struct sockaddr_in *from) +{ + register struct ip *ip; + register int hlen; + + ip = (struct ip *) buf; + hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; + cc -= hlen; + + if (as_path) + Printf(" [AS%d]", as_lookup(asn, &from->sin_addr)); + + if (nflag) + Printf(" %s", inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); + else + Printf(" %s (%s)", inetname(from->sin_addr), + inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); + + if (verbose) + Printf(" %d bytes to %s", cc, inet_ntoa (ip->ip_dst)); +} + +/* + * Checksum routine for UDP and TCP headers. + */ +u_short +p_cksum(struct ip *ip, u_short *data, int len) +{ + static struct ipovly ipo; + u_short sumh, sumd; + u_int32_t sumt; + + ipo.ih_pr = ip->ip_p; + ipo.ih_len = htons(len); + ipo.ih_src = ip->ip_src; + ipo.ih_dst = ip->ip_dst; + + sumh = in_cksum((u_short*)&ipo, sizeof(ipo)); /* pseudo ip hdr cksum */ + sumd = in_cksum((u_short*)data, len); /* payload data cksum */ + sumt = (sumh << 16) | (sumd); + + return ~in_cksum((u_short*)&sumt, sizeof(sumt)); +} + +/* + * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) + */ +u_short +in_cksum(register u_short *addr, register int len) +{ + register int nleft = len; + register u_short *w = addr; + register u_short answer; + register int sum = 0; + + /* + * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), + * we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold + * back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower + * 16 bits. + */ + while (nleft > 1) { + sum += *w++; + nleft -= 2; + } + + /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ + if (nleft == 1) + sum += *(u_char *)w; + + /* + * add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits + */ + sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ + sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ + answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ + return (answer); +} + +/* + * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. + * Out is assumed to be within about LONG_MAX seconds of in. + */ +void +tvsub(register struct timeval *out, register struct timeval *in) +{ + + if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { + --out->tv_sec; + out->tv_usec += 1000000; + } + out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; +} + +/* + * Construct an Internet address representation. + * If the nflag has been supplied, give + * numeric value, otherwise try for symbolic name. + */ +char * +inetname(struct in_addr in) +{ + register char *cp; + register struct hostent *hp; + static int first = 1; + static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1], line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1]; + + if (first && !nflag) { + first = 0; + if (gethostname(domain, sizeof(domain) - 1) < 0) + domain[0] = '\0'; + else { + cp = strchr(domain, '.'); + if (cp == NULL) { + hp = gethostbyname(domain); + if (hp != NULL) + cp = strchr(hp->h_name, '.'); + } + if (cp == NULL) + domain[0] = '\0'; + else { + ++cp; + memmove(domain, cp, strlen(cp) + 1); + } + } + } + if (!nflag && in.s_addr != INADDR_ANY) { + hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof(in), AF_INET); + if (hp != NULL) { + if ((cp = strchr(hp->h_name, '.')) != NULL && + strcmp(cp + 1, domain) == 0) + *cp = '\0'; + (void)strlcpy(line, hp->h_name, sizeof(line)); + return (line); + } + } + return (inet_ntoa(in)); +} + +struct hostinfo * +gethostinfo(register char *hostname) +{ + register int n; + register struct hostent *hp; + register struct hostinfo *hi; + register char **p; + register u_int32_t addr, *ap; + + if (strlen(hostname) > 64) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: hostname \"%.32s...\" is too long\n", + prog, hostname); + exit(1); + } + hi = calloc(1, sizeof(*hi)); + if (hi == NULL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: calloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } + addr = inet_addr(hostname); + if ((int32_t)addr != -1) { + hi->name = strdup(hostname); + hi->n = 1; + hi->addrs = calloc(1, sizeof(hi->addrs[0])); + if (hi->addrs == NULL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: calloc %s\n", + prog, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } + hi->addrs[0] = addr; + return (hi); + } + + hp = gethostbyname(hostname); + if (hp == NULL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown host %s\n", prog, hostname); + exit(1); + } + if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET || hp->h_length != 4) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad host %s\n", prog, hostname); + exit(1); + } + hi->name = strdup(hp->h_name); + for (n = 0, p = hp->h_addr_list; *p != NULL; ++n, ++p) + continue; + hi->n = n; + hi->addrs = calloc(n, sizeof(hi->addrs[0])); + if (hi->addrs == NULL) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: calloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); + exit(1); + } + for (ap = hi->addrs, p = hp->h_addr_list; *p != NULL; ++ap, ++p) + memcpy(ap, *p, sizeof(*ap)); + return (hi); +} + +void +freehostinfo(register struct hostinfo *hi) +{ + if (hi->name != NULL) { + free(hi->name); + hi->name = NULL; + } + free((char *)hi->addrs); + free((char *)hi); +} + +void +getaddr(register u_int32_t *ap, register char *hostname) +{ + register struct hostinfo *hi; + + hi = gethostinfo(hostname); + *ap = hi->addrs[0]; + freehostinfo(hi); +} + +void +setsin(register struct sockaddr_in *sin, register u_int32_t addr) +{ + + memset(sin, 0, sizeof(*sin)); +#ifdef HAVE_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN + sin->sin_len = sizeof(*sin); +#endif + sin->sin_family = AF_INET; + sin->sin_addr.s_addr = addr; +} + +/* String to value with optional min and max. Handles decimal and hex. */ +int +str2val(register const char *str, register const char *what, + register int mi, register int ma) +{ + register const char *cp; + register int val; + char *ep; + + if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X')) { + cp = str + 2; + val = (int)strtol(cp, &ep, 16); + } else + val = (int)strtol(str, &ep, 10); + if (*ep != '\0') { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: \"%s\" bad value for %s \n", + prog, str, what); + exit(1); + } + if (val < mi && mi >= 0) { + if (mi == 0) + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be >= %d\n", + prog, what, mi); + else + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be > %d\n", + prog, what, mi - 1); + exit(1); + } + if (val > ma && ma >= 0) { + Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be <= %d\n", prog, what, ma); + exit(1); + } + return (val); +} + +struct outproto * +setproto(char *pname) +{ + struct outproto *proto; + int i; + + for (i = 0; protos[i].name != NULL; i++) { + if (strcasecmp(protos[i].name, pname) == 0) { + break; + } + } + proto = &protos[i]; + if (proto->name == NULL) { /* generic handler */ + struct protoent *pe; + u_int32_t pnum; + + /* Determine the IP protocol number */ + if ((pe = getprotobyname(pname)) != NULL) + pnum = pe->p_proto; + else + pnum = str2val(optarg, "proto number", 1, 255); + proto->num = pnum; + } + return proto; +} + +void +pkt_compare(const u_char *a, int la, const u_char *b, int lb) { + int l; + int i; + + for (i = 0; i < la; i++) + Printf("%02x", (unsigned int)a[i]); + Printf("\n"); + l = (la <= lb) ? la : lb; + for (i = 0; i < l; i++) + if (a[i] == b[i]) + Printf("__"); + else + Printf("%02x", (unsigned int)b[i]); + for (; i < lb; i++) + Printf("%02x", (unsigned int)b[i]); + Printf("\n"); +} + + +void +usage(void) +{ + extern char version[]; + + Fprintf(stderr, "Version %s\n", version); + Fprintf(stderr, + "Usage: %s [-adDeFInrSvx] [-A as_server] [-f first_ttl] [-g gateway] [-i iface]\n" + "\t[-M first_ttl] [-m max_ttl] [-p port] [-P proto] [-q nqueries] [-s src_addr]\n" + "\t[-t tos] [-w waittime] [-z pausemsecs] host [packetlen]\n", prog); + exit(1); +} diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.h b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000..31154d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/traceroute.h @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 2000 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions + * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2) + * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and + * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials + * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning + * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement: + * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California, + * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of + * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse + * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior + * written permission. + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED + * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + * + * @(#) $Id: traceroute.h,v 1.2 2004/08/08 00:27:54 lindak Exp $ (LBL) + */ + +extern char *prog; + +void setsin(struct sockaddr_in *, u_int32_t); diff --git a/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/version.c b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/version.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..680dcd4 --- /dev/null +++ b/network_cmds/traceroute.tproj/version.c @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +char version[] = "1.4a12+Darwin"; |