diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'shell_cmds/jot')
-rw-r--r-- | shell_cmds/jot/jot.1 | 251 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | shell_cmds/jot/jot.c | 490 |
2 files changed, 741 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/shell_cmds/jot/jot.1 b/shell_cmds/jot/jot.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b94fab4 --- /dev/null +++ b/shell_cmds/jot/jot.1 @@ -0,0 +1,251 @@ +.\" Copyright (c) 1993 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: +.\" This product includes software developed by the University of +.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)jot.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 +.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/jot/jot.1,v 1.24 2010/02/20 00:16:44 delphij Exp $ +.\" +.Dd February 19, 2010 +.Dt JOT 1 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm jot +.Nd print sequential or random data +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm +.Op Fl cnr +.Op Fl b Ar word +.Op Fl w Ar word +.Op Fl s Ar string +.Op Fl p Ar precision +.Op Ar reps Op Ar begin Op Ar end Op Ar s +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The +.Nm +utility is used to print out increasing, decreasing, random, +or redundant data, usually numbers, one per line. +.Pp +The following options are available: +.Bl -tag -width indent +.It Fl r +Generate random data instead of the default sequential data. +.It Fl b Ar word +Just print +.Ar word +repetitively. +.It Fl w Ar word +Print +.Ar word +with the generated data appended to it. +Octal, hexadecimal, exponential, +.Tn ASCII , +zero padded, +and right-adjusted representations +are possible by using the appropriate +.Xr printf 3 +conversion specification inside +.Ar word , +in which case the data are inserted rather than appended. +.It Fl c +This is an abbreviation for +.Fl w Ar %c . +.It Fl s Ar string +Print data separated by +.Ar string . +Normally, newlines separate data. +.It Fl n +Do not print the final newline normally appended to the output. +.It Fl p Ar precision +Print only as many digits or characters of the data +as indicated by the integer +.Ar precision . +In the absence of +.Fl p , +the precision is the greater of the precisions of +.Ar begin +and +.Ar end . +The +.Fl p +option is overridden by whatever appears in a +.Xr printf 3 +conversion following +.Fl w . +.El +.Pp +The last four arguments indicate, respectively, +the number of data, the lower bound, the upper bound, +and the step size or, for random data, the seed. +While at least one of them must appear, +any of the other three may be omitted, and +will be considered as such if given as +.Fl "" +or as an empty string. +Any three of these arguments determines the fourth. +If four are specified and the given and computed values of +.Ar reps +conflict, the lower value is used. +If fewer than three are specified, defaults are assigned +left to right, except for +.Ar s , +which assumes a default of 1 or -1 if both +.Ar begin +and +.Ar end +are given. +.Pp +Defaults for the four arguments are, respectively, +100, 1, 100, and 1, except that when random data are requested, +the seed, +.Ar s , +is picked randomly. +The +.Ar reps +argument is expected to be an unsigned integer, +and if given as zero is taken to be infinite. +The +.Ar begin +and +.Ar end +arguments may be given as real numbers or as characters +representing the corresponding value in +.Tn ASCII . +The last argument must be a real number. +.Pp +Random numbers are obtained through +.Xr arc4random 3 +when no seed is specified, +and through +.Xr random 3 +when a seed is given. +When +.Nm +is asked to generate random integers or characters with begin +and end values in the range of the random number generator function +and no format is specified with one of the +.Fl w , +.Fl b , +or +.Fl p +options, +.Nm +will arrange for all the values in the range to appear in the output +with an equal probability. +In all other cases be careful to ensure that the output format's +rounding or truncation will not skew the distribution of output +values in an unintended way. +.Pp +The name +.Nm +derives in part from +.Nm iota , +a function in APL. +.Sh EXIT STATUS +.Ex -std +.Sh EXAMPLES +The command +.Dl jot - 1 10 +.Pp +prints the integers from 1 to 10, +while the command +.Dl jot 21 -1 1.00 +.Pp +prints 21 evenly spaced numbers increasing from -1 to 1. +The +.Tn ASCII +character set is generated with +.Dl jot -c 128 0 +.Pp +and the strings xaa through xaz with +.Dl jot -w xa%c 26 a +.Pp +while 20 random 8-letter strings are produced with +.Dl "jot -r -c 160 a z | rs -g 0 8" +.Pp +Infinitely many +.Em yes Ns 's +may be obtained through +.Dl jot -b yes 0 +.Pp +and thirty +.Xr ed 1 +substitution commands applying to lines 2, 7, 12, etc.\& is +the result of +.Dl jot -w %ds/old/new/ 30 2 - 5 +.Pp +The stuttering sequence 9, 9, 8, 8, 7, etc.\& can be +produced by suitable choice of step size, +as in +.Dl jot - 9 0 -.5 +.Pp +and a file containing exactly 1024 bytes is created with +.Dl jot -b x 512 > block +.Pp +Finally, to set tabs four spaces apart starting +from column 10 and ending in column 132, use +.Dl expand -`jot -s, - 10 132 4` +.Pp +and to print all lines 80 characters or longer, +.Dl grep `jot -s \&"\&" -b \&. 80` +.Sh DIAGNOSTICS +The following diagnostic messages deserve special explanation: +.Bl -diag +.It "illegal or unsupported format '%s'" +The requested conversion format specifier for +.Xr printf 3 +was not of the form +.Dl %[#][ ][{+,-}][0-9]*[.[0-9]*]? +where +.Dq ?\& +must be one of +.Dl [l]{d,i,o,u,x} +or +.Dl {c,e,f,g,D,E,G,O,U,X} +.It "range error in conversion" +A value to be printed fell outside the range of the data type +associated with the requested output format. +.It "too many conversions" +More than one conversion format specifier has been supplied, +but only one is allowed. +.El +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr ed 1 , +.Xr expand 1 , +.Xr rs 1 , +.Xr seq 1 , +.Xr yes 1 , +.Xr arc4random 3 , +.Xr printf 3 , +.Xr random 3 +.Sh HISTORY +The +.Nm +utility first appeared in +.Bx 4.2 . diff --git a/shell_cmds/jot/jot.c b/shell_cmds/jot/jot.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1438755 --- /dev/null +++ b/shell_cmds/jot/jot.c @@ -0,0 +1,490 @@ +/*- + * Copyright (c) 1993 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software + * must display the following acknowledgement: + * This product includes software developed by the University of + * California, Berkeley and its contributors. + * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors + * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software + * without specific prior written permission. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND + * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE + * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE + * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE + * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL + * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS + * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) + * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT + * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY + * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF + * SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +#ifndef lint +static const char copyright[] = +"@(#) Copyright (c) 1993\n\ + The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; +#endif /* not lint */ + +#ifndef lint +#if 0 +static char sccsid[] = "@(#)jot.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93"; +#endif +#endif +#include <sys/cdefs.h> +__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/jot/jot.c,v 1.40 2009/12/13 03:14:06 delphij Exp $"); + +/* + * jot - print sequential or random data + * + * Author: John Kunze, Office of Comp. Affairs, UCB + */ + +#include <ctype.h> +#include <err.h> +#include <limits.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdint.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <stdbool.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <time.h> +#include <unistd.h> + +/* Defaults */ +#define REPS_DEF 100 +#define BEGIN_DEF 1 +#define ENDER_DEF 100 +#define STEP_DEF 1 + +/* Flags of options that have been set */ +#define HAVE_STEP 1 +#define HAVE_ENDER 2 +#define HAVE_BEGIN 4 +#define HAVE_REPS 8 + +#define is_default(s) (*(s) == 0 || strcmp((s), "-") == 0) + +static bool boring; +static int prec; +static bool longdata; +static bool intdata; +static bool chardata; +static bool nosign; +static const char *sepstring = "\n"; +static char format[BUFSIZ]; + +static void getformat(void); +static int getprec(const char *); +static int putdata(double, bool); +static void usage(void); + +int +main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + bool have_format = false; + bool infinity = false; + bool nofinalnl = false; + bool randomize = false; + bool use_random = false; + int ch; + int mask = 0; + int n = 0; + double begin = BEGIN_DEF; + double divisor; + double ender = ENDER_DEF; + double s = STEP_DEF; + double x, y; + long i; + long reps = REPS_DEF; + + while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "b:cnp:rs:w:")) != -1) + switch (ch) { + case 'b': + boring = true; + /* FALLTHROUGH */ + case 'w': + if (strlcpy(format, optarg, sizeof(format)) >= + sizeof(format)) + errx(1, "-%c word too long", ch); + have_format = true; + break; + case 'c': + chardata = true; + break; + case 'n': + nofinalnl = true; + break; + case 'p': + prec = atoi(optarg); + if (prec <= 0) + errx(1, "bad precision value"); + have_format = true; + break; + case 'r': + randomize = true; + break; + case 's': + sepstring = optarg; + break; + default: + usage(); + } + argc -= optind; + argv += optind; + + switch (argc) { /* examine args right to left, falling thru cases */ + case 4: + if (!is_default(argv[3])) { + if (!sscanf(argv[3], "%lf", &s)) + errx(1, "bad s value: %s", argv[3]); + mask |= HAVE_STEP; + if (randomize) + use_random = true; + } + /* FALLTHROUGH */ + case 3: + if (!is_default(argv[2])) { + if (!sscanf(argv[2], "%lf", &ender)) + ender = argv[2][strlen(argv[2])-1]; + mask |= HAVE_ENDER; + if (!prec) + n = getprec(argv[2]); + } + /* FALLTHROUGH */ + case 2: + if (!is_default(argv[1])) { + if (!sscanf(argv[1], "%lf", &begin)) + begin = argv[1][strlen(argv[1])-1]; + mask |= HAVE_BEGIN; + if (!prec) + prec = getprec(argv[1]); + if (n > prec) /* maximum precision */ + prec = n; + } + /* FALLTHROUGH */ + case 1: + if (!is_default(argv[0])) { + if (!sscanf(argv[0], "%ld", &reps)) + errx(1, "bad reps value: %s", argv[0]); + mask |= HAVE_REPS; + } + break; + case 0: + usage(); + default: + errx(1, "too many arguments. What do you mean by %s?", + argv[4]); + } + getformat(); + while (mask) /* 4 bit mask has 1's where last 4 args were given */ + switch (mask) { /* fill in the 0's by default or computation */ + case HAVE_STEP: + case HAVE_ENDER: + case HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP: + case HAVE_BEGIN: + case HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_STEP: + reps = REPS_DEF; + mask |= HAVE_REPS; + break; + case HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER: + s = ender > begin ? 1 : -1; + mask |= HAVE_STEP; + break; + case HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP: + if (randomize) + reps = REPS_DEF; + else if (s == 0.0) + reps = 0; + else + reps = (ender - begin + s) / s; + if (reps <= 0) + errx(1, "impossible stepsize"); + mask = 0; + break; + case HAVE_REPS: + case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_STEP: + begin = BEGIN_DEF; + mask |= HAVE_BEGIN; + break; + case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_ENDER: + s = STEP_DEF; + mask = HAVE_REPS | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP; + break; + case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP: + if (randomize) + begin = BEGIN_DEF; + else if (reps == 0) + errx(1, "must specify begin if reps == 0"); + begin = ender - reps * s + s; + mask = 0; + break; + case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN: + s = STEP_DEF; + mask = HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_STEP; + break; + case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_STEP: + if (randomize) + ender = ENDER_DEF; + else + ender = begin + reps * s - s; + mask = 0; + break; + case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER: + if (reps == 0) + errx(1, "infinite sequences cannot be bounded"); + else if (reps == 1) + s = 0.0; + else + s = (ender - begin) / (reps - 1); + mask = 0; + break; + case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP: + /* if reps given and implied, */ + if (!randomize && s != 0.0) { + long t = (ender - begin + s) / s; + if (t <= 0) + errx(1, "impossible stepsize"); + if (t < reps) /* take lesser */ + reps = t; + } + mask = 0; + break; + default: + errx(1, "bad mask"); + } + if (reps == 0) + infinity = true; + if (randomize) { + if (use_random) { + srandom((unsigned long)s); + divisor = (double)INT32_MAX + 1; + } else + divisor = (double)UINT32_MAX + 1; + + /* + * Attempt to DWIM when the user has specified an + * integer range within that of the random number + * generator: distribute the numbers equally in + * the range [begin .. ender]. Jot's default %.0f + * format would make the appearance of the first and + * last specified value half as likely as the rest. + */ + if (!have_format && prec == 0 && + begin >= 0 && begin < divisor && + ender >= 0 && ender < divisor) { + ender += 1; + nosign = true; + intdata = true; + (void)strlcpy(format, + chardata ? "%c" : "%u", sizeof(format)); + } + x = (ender - begin) * (ender > begin ? 1 : -1); + for (i = 1; i <= reps || infinity; i++) { + if (use_random) + y = random() / divisor; + else + y = arc4random() / divisor; + if (putdata(y * x + begin, !(reps - i))) + errx(1, "range error in conversion"); + } + } else + for (i = 1, x = begin; i <= reps || infinity; i++, x += s) + if (putdata(x, !(reps - i))) + errx(1, "range error in conversion"); + if (!nofinalnl) + putchar('\n'); + exit(0); +} + +/* + * Send x to stdout using the specified format. + * Last is true if this is the set's last value. + * Return 0 if OK, or a positive number if the number passed was + * outside the range specified by the various flags. + */ +static int +putdata(double x, bool last) +{ + + if (boring) + printf("%s", format); + else if (longdata && nosign) { + if (x <= (double)ULONG_MAX && x >= (double)0) + printf(format, (unsigned long)x); + else + return (1); + } else if (longdata) { + if (x <= (double)LONG_MAX && x >= (double)LONG_MIN) + printf(format, (long)x); + else + return (1); + } else if (chardata || (intdata && !nosign)) { + if (x <= (double)INT_MAX && x >= (double)INT_MIN) + printf(format, (int)x); + else + return (1); + } else if (intdata) { + if (x <= (double)UINT_MAX && x >= (double)0) + printf(format, (unsigned int)x); + else + return (1); + + } else + printf(format, x); + if (!last) + fputs(sepstring, stdout); + + return (0); +} + +static void +usage(void) +{ + fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n", + "usage: jot [-cnr] [-b word] [-w word] [-s string] [-p precision]", + " [reps [begin [end [s]]]]"); + exit(1); +} + +/* + * Return the number of digits following the number's decimal point. + * Return 0 if no decimal point is found. + */ +static int +getprec(const char *str) +{ + const char *p; + const char *q; + + for (p = str; *p; p++) + if (*p == '.') + break; + if (!*p) + return (0); + for (q = ++p; *p; p++) + if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*p)) + break; + return (p - q); +} + +/* + * Set format, intdata, chardata, longdata, and nosign + * based on the command line arguments. + */ +static void +getformat(void) +{ + char *p, *p2; + int dot, hash, space, sign, numbers = 0; + size_t sz; + + if (boring) /* no need to bother */ + return; + for (p = format; *p; p++) /* look for '%' */ + if (*p == '%') { + if (p[1] == '%') + p++; /* leave %% alone */ + else + break; + } + sz = sizeof(format) - strlen(format) - 1; + if (!*p && !chardata) { + if (snprintf(p, sz, "%%.%df", prec) >= (int)sz) + errx(1, "-w word too long"); + } else if (!*p && chardata) { + if (strlcpy(p, "%c", sz) >= sz) + errx(1, "-w word too long"); + intdata = true; + } else if (!*(p+1)) { + if (sz <= 0) + errx(1, "-w word too long"); + strcat(format, "%"); /* cannot end in single '%' */ + } else { + /* + * Allow conversion format specifiers of the form + * %[#][ ][{+,-}][0-9]*[.[0-9]*]? where ? must be one of + * [l]{d,i,o,u,x} or {f,e,g,E,G,d,o,x,D,O,U,X,c,u} + */ + p2 = p++; + dot = hash = space = sign = numbers = 0; + while (!isalpha((unsigned char)*p)) { + if (isdigit((unsigned char)*p)) { + numbers++; + p++; + } else if ((*p == '#' && !(numbers|dot|sign|space| + hash++)) || + (*p == ' ' && !(numbers|dot|space++)) || + ((*p == '+' || *p == '-') && !(numbers|dot|sign++)) + || (*p == '.' && !(dot++))) + p++; + else + goto fmt_broken; + } + if (*p == 'l') { + longdata = true; + if (*++p == 'l') { + if (p[1] != '\0') + p++; + goto fmt_broken; + } + } + switch (*p) { + case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': + intdata = nosign = true; + break; + case 'd': case 'i': + intdata = true; + break; + case 'D': + if (!longdata) { + intdata = true; + break; + } + case 'O': case 'U': + if (!longdata) { + intdata = nosign = true; + break; + } + case 'c': + if (!(intdata | longdata)) { + chardata = true; + break; + } + case 'h': case 'n': case 'p': case 'q': case 's': case 'L': + case '$': case '*': + goto fmt_broken; + case 'f': case 'e': case 'g': case 'E': case 'G': + if (!longdata) + break; + /* FALLTHROUGH */ + default: +fmt_broken: + *++p = '\0'; + errx(1, "illegal or unsupported format '%s'", p2); + /* NOTREACHED */ + } + while (*++p) + if (*p == '%' && *(p+1) && *(p+1) != '%') + errx(1, "too many conversions"); + else if (*p == '%' && *(p+1) == '%') + p++; + else if (*p == '%' && !*(p+1)) { + if (strlcat(format, "%", sizeof(format)) >= + sizeof(format)) + errx(1, "-w word too long"); + break; + } + } +} |