diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'text_cmds/cat')
-rw-r--r-- | text_cmds/cat/cat.1 | 201 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | text_cmds/cat/cat.c | 314 |
2 files changed, 515 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/text_cmds/cat/cat.1 b/text_cmds/cat/cat.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..892c990 --- /dev/null +++ b/text_cmds/cat/cat.1 @@ -0,0 +1,201 @@ +.\"- +.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by +.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)cat.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 5/2/95 +.\" $FreeBSD: src/bin/cat/cat.1,v 1.25 2005/01/16 16:41:55 ru Exp $ +.\" +.Dd March 21, 2004 +.Dt CAT 1 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm cat +.Nd concatenate and print files +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm +.Op Fl benstuv +.Op Ar +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The +.Nm +utility reads files sequentially, writing them to the standard output. +The +.Ar file +operands are processed in command-line order. +If +.Ar file +is a single dash +.Pq Sq \&- +or absent, +.Nm +reads from the standard input. +If +.Ar file +is a +.Ux +domain socket, +.Nm +connects to it and then reads it until +.Dv EOF . +This complements the +.Ux +domain binding capability available in +.Xr inetd 8 . +.Pp +The options are as follows: +.Bl -tag -width indent +.It Fl b +Number the non-blank output lines, starting at 1. +.It Fl e +Display non-printing characters (see the +.Fl v +option), and display a dollar sign +.Pq Ql \&$ +at the end of each line. +.It Fl n +Number the output lines, starting at 1. +.It Fl s +Squeeze multiple adjacent empty lines, causing the output to be +single spaced. +.It Fl t +Display non-printing characters (see the +.Fl v +option), and display tab characters as +.Ql ^I . +.It Fl u +Disable output buffering. +.It Fl v +Display non-printing characters so they are visible. +Control characters print as +.Ql ^X +for control-X; the delete +character (octal 0177) prints as +.Ql ^? . +.Pf Non- Tn ASCII +characters (with the high bit set) are printed as +.Ql M- +(for meta) followed by the character for the low 7 bits. +.El +.Sh EXIT STATUS +.Ex -std +.Sh EXAMPLES +The command: +.Pp +.Dl "cat file1" +.Pp +will print the contents of +.Ar file1 +to the standard output. +.Pp +The command: +.Pp +.Dl "cat file1 file2 > file3" +.Pp +will sequentially print the contents of +.Ar file1 +and +.Ar file2 +to the file +.Ar file3 , +truncating +.Ar file3 +if it already exists. +See the manual page for your shell (i.e., +.Xr sh 1 ) +for more information on redirection. +.Pp +The command: +.Pp +.Dl "cat file1 - file2 - file3" +.Pp +will print the contents of +.Ar file1 , +print data it receives from the standard input until it receives an +.Dv EOF +.Pq Sq ^D +character, print the contents of +.Ar file2 , +read and output contents of the standard input again, then finally output +the contents of +.Ar file3 . +Note that if the standard input referred to a file, the second dash +on the command-line would have no effect, since the entire contents of the file +would have already been read and printed by +.Nm +when it encountered the first +.Ql \&- +operand. +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr head 1 , +.Xr more 1 , +.Xr pr 1 , +.Xr sh 1 , +.Xr tail 1 , +.Xr vis 1 , +.Xr zcat 1 , +.Xr setbuf 3 +.Rs +.%A Rob Pike +.%T "UNIX Style, or cat -v Considered Harmful" +.%J "USENIX Summer Conference Proceedings" +.%D 1983 +.Re +.Sh STANDARDS +The +.Nm +utility is compliant with the +.St -p1003.2-92 +specification. +.Pp +The flags +.Op Fl benstv +are extensions to the specification. +.Sh HISTORY +A +.Nm +utility appeared in +.At v1 . +.An Dennis Ritchie +designed and wrote the first man page. +It appears to have been +.Xr cat 1 . +.Sh BUGS +Because of the shell language mechanism used to perform output +redirection, the command +.Dq Li cat file1 file2 > file1 +will cause the original data in file1 to be destroyed! +.Pp +The +.Nm +utility does not recognize multibyte characters when the +.Fl t +or +.Fl v +option is in effect. diff --git a/text_cmds/cat/cat.c b/text_cmds/cat/cat.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e933951 --- /dev/null +++ b/text_cmds/cat/cat.c @@ -0,0 +1,314 @@ +/*- + * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. + * + * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by + * Kevin Fall. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors + * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software + * without specific prior written permission. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND + * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE + * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE + * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE + * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL + * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS + * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) + * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT + * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY + * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF + * SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +#if 0 +#ifndef lint +static char const copyright[] = +"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ + The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; +#endif /* not lint */ +#endif + +#ifndef lint +#if 0 +static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cat.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/27/95"; +#endif +#endif /* not lint */ +#include <sys/cdefs.h> +__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/bin/cat/cat.c,v 1.32 2005/01/10 08:39:20 imp Exp $"); + +#include <sys/param.h> +#include <sys/stat.h> +#ifndef NO_UDOM_SUPPORT +#include <sys/socket.h> +#include <sys/un.h> +#include <errno.h> +#endif + +#include <ctype.h> +#include <err.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <locale.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <stddef.h> + +int bflag, eflag, nflag, sflag, tflag, vflag; +int rval; +const char *filename; + +static void usage(void); +static void scanfiles(char *argv[], int cooked); +static void cook_cat(FILE *); +static void raw_cat(int); + +#ifndef NO_UDOM_SUPPORT +static int udom_open(const char *path, int flags); +#endif + +int +main(int argc, char *argv[]) +{ + int ch; + + setlocale(LC_CTYPE, ""); + + while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "benstuv")) != -1) + switch (ch) { + case 'b': + bflag = nflag = 1; /* -b implies -n */ + break; + case 'e': + eflag = vflag = 1; /* -e implies -v */ + break; + case 'n': + nflag = 1; + break; + case 's': + sflag = 1; + break; + case 't': + tflag = vflag = 1; /* -t implies -v */ + break; + case 'u': + setbuf(stdout, NULL); + break; + case 'v': + vflag = 1; + break; + default: + usage(); + } + argv += optind; + + if (bflag || eflag || nflag || sflag || tflag || vflag) + scanfiles(argv, 1); + else + scanfiles(argv, 0); + if (fclose(stdout)) + err(1, "stdout"); + exit(rval); + /* NOTREACHED */ +} + +static void +usage(void) +{ + fprintf(stderr, "usage: cat [-benstuv] [file ...]\n"); + exit(1); + /* NOTREACHED */ +} + +static void +scanfiles(char *argv[], int cooked) +{ + int i = 0; + char *path; + FILE *fp; + + while ((path = argv[i]) != NULL || i == 0) { + int fd; + + if (path == NULL || strcmp(path, "-") == 0) { + filename = "stdin"; + fd = STDIN_FILENO; + } else { + filename = path; + fd = open(path, O_RDONLY); +#ifndef NO_UDOM_SUPPORT + if (fd < 0 && errno == EOPNOTSUPP) + fd = udom_open(path, O_RDONLY); +#endif + } + if (fd < 0) { + warn("%s", path); + rval = 1; + } else if (cooked) { + if (fd == STDIN_FILENO) + cook_cat(stdin); + else { + fp = fdopen(fd, "r"); + cook_cat(fp); + fclose(fp); + } + } else { + raw_cat(fd); + if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) + close(fd); + } + if (path == NULL) + break; + ++i; + } +} + +static void +cook_cat(FILE *fp) +{ + int ch, gobble, line, prev; + + /* Reset EOF condition on stdin. */ + if (fp == stdin && feof(stdin)) + clearerr(stdin); + + line = gobble = 0; + for (prev = '\n'; (ch = getc(fp)) != EOF; prev = ch) { + if (prev == '\n') { + if (sflag) { + if (ch == '\n') { + if (gobble) + continue; + gobble = 1; + } else + gobble = 0; + } + if (nflag && (!bflag || ch != '\n')) { + (void)fprintf(stdout, "%6d\t", ++line); + if (ferror(stdout)) + break; + } + } + if (ch == '\n') { + if (eflag && putchar('$') == EOF) + break; + } else if (ch == '\t') { + if (tflag) { + if (putchar('^') == EOF || putchar('I') == EOF) + break; + continue; + } + } else if (vflag) { + if (!isascii(ch) && !isprint(ch)) { + if (putchar('M') == EOF || putchar('-') == EOF) + break; + ch = toascii(ch); + } + if (iscntrl(ch)) { + if (putchar('^') == EOF || + putchar(ch == '\177' ? '?' : + ch | 0100) == EOF) + break; + continue; + } + } + if (putchar(ch) == EOF) + break; + } + if (ferror(fp)) { + warn("%s", filename); + rval = 1; + clearerr(fp); + } + if (ferror(stdout)) + err(1, "stdout"); +} + +static void +raw_cat(int rfd) +{ + int off, wfd; + ssize_t nr, nw; + static size_t bsize; + static char *buf = NULL; + struct stat sbuf; + + wfd = fileno(stdout); + if (buf == NULL) { + if (fstat(wfd, &sbuf)) + err(1, "%s", filename); + bsize = MAX(sbuf.st_blksize, 1024); + if ((buf = malloc(bsize)) == NULL) + err(1, "buffer"); + } + while ((nr = read(rfd, buf, bsize)) > 0) + for (off = 0; nr; nr -= nw, off += nw) + if ((nw = write(wfd, buf + off, (size_t)nr)) < 0) + err(1, "stdout"); + if (nr < 0) { + warn("%s", filename); + rval = 1; + } +} + +#ifndef NO_UDOM_SUPPORT + +static int +udom_open(const char *path, int flags) +{ + struct sockaddr_un sou; + int fd; + unsigned int len; + + bzero(&sou, sizeof(sou)); + + /* + * Construct the unix domain socket address and attempt to connect + */ + fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0); + if (fd >= 0) { + sou.sun_family = AF_UNIX; + if ((len = strlcpy(sou.sun_path, path, + sizeof(sou.sun_path))) >= sizeof(sou.sun_path)) { + errno = ENAMETOOLONG; + return (-1); + } + len = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path[len+1]); + + if (connect(fd, (void *)&sou, len) < 0) { + close(fd); + fd = -1; + } + } + + /* + * handle the open flags by shutting down appropriate directions + */ + if (fd >= 0) { + switch(flags & O_ACCMODE) { + case O_RDONLY: + if (shutdown(fd, SHUT_WR) == -1) + warn(NULL); + break; + case O_WRONLY: + if (shutdown(fd, SHUT_RD) == -1) + warn(NULL); + break; + default: + break; + } + } + return(fd); +} + +#endif |