-.\" $Id: mandoc.1,v 1.228 2018/08/25 16:53:38 schwarze Exp $
+.\" $Id: mandoc.1,v 1.240 2019/07/10 19:39:01 schwarze Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2014-2018 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2014-2019 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.Dd $Mdocdate: August 25 2018 $
+.Dd $Mdocdate: July 10 2019 $
.Dt MANDOC 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Pp
The options
.Fl fhklw
-are also supported and are documented in man(1).
+are also supported and are documented in
+.Xr man 1 .
In
.Fl f
and
is the back-space character number 8.
Emboldened characters are rendered as
.Sq c Ns \e[bs] Ns c .
+This markup is typically converted to appropriate terminal sequences by
+the pager or
+.Xr ul 1 .
+To remove the markup, pipe the output to
+.Xr col 1
+.Fl b
+instead.
.Pp
The special characters documented in
.Xr mandoc_char 7
are rendered best-effort in an ASCII equivalent.
+In particular, opening and closing
+.Sq single quotes
+are represented as characters number 0x60 and 0x27, respectively,
+which agrees with all ASCII standards from 1965 to the latest
+revision (2012) and which matches the traditional way in which
+.Xr roff 7
+formatters represent single quotes in ASCII output.
+This correct ASCII rendering may look strange with modern
+Unicode-compatible fonts because contrary to ASCII, Unicode uses
+the code point U+0060 for the grave accent only, never for an opening
+quote.
.Pp
The following
.Fl O
output formats in the same way as the
.Xr mdoc 7
source it was generated from.
+.It Cm tag Ns Op = Ns Ar term
+If the formatted manual page is opened in a pager,
+go to the definition of the
+.Ar term
+rather than showing the manual page from the beginning.
+If no
+.Ar term
+is specified, reuse the first command line argument that is not a
+.Ar section
+number.
+If that argument is in
+.Xr apropos 1
+.Ar key Ns = Ns Ar val
+format, only the
+.Ar val
+is used rather than the argument as a whole.
+This is useful for commands like
+.Ql man -akO tag Ic=ulimit
+to search for a keyword and jump right to its definition
+in the matching manual pages.
.It Cm width Ns = Ns Ar width
The output width is set to
.Ar width
.Xr eqn 7
blocks use MathML.
.Pp
-The
-.Pa mandoc.css
-file documents style-sheet classes available for customising output.
+The file
+.Pa /usr/share/misc/mandoc.css
+documents style-sheet classes available for customising output.
If a style-sheet is not specified with
.Fl O Cm style ,
.Fl T Cm html
are replaced with the include filename.
The default is not to present a
hyperlink.
-.It Cm man Ns = Ns Ar fmt
+.It Cm man Ns = Ns Ar fmt Ns Op ; Ns Ar fmt
The string
.Ar fmt ,
for example,
If no section is included, section 1 is assumed.
The default is not to
present a hyperlink.
+If two formats are given and a file
+.Ar %N.%S
+exists in the current directory, the first format is used;
+otherwise, the second format is used.
.It Cm style Ns = Ns Ar style.css
The file
.Ar style.css
is used for an external style-sheet.
This must be a valid absolute or
relative URI.
+.It Cm toc
+If an input file contains at least two non-standard sections,
+print a table of contents near the beginning of the output.
.El
.Ss Locale Output
By default,
.It 6
An operating system error occurred, for example exhaustion
of memory, file descriptors, or process table entries.
-Such errors cause
+Such errors may cause
.Nm
to exit at once, possibly in the middle of parsing or formatting a file.
.El
.Dl $ mandoc -l mandoc.1 man.1 apropos.1 makewhatis.8
.Pp
To produce HTML manuals with
-.Pa mandoc.css
+.Pa /usr/share/misc/mandoc.css
as the style-sheet:
.Pp
-.Dl $ mandoc \-T html -O style=mandoc.css mdoc.7 \*(Gt mdoc.7.html
+.Dl $ mandoc \-T html -O style=/usr/share/misc/mandoc.css mdoc.7 > mdoc.7.html
.Pp
To check over a large set of manuals:
.Pp
.Pp
To produce a series of PostScript manuals for A4 paper:
.Pp
-.Dl $ mandoc \-T ps \-O paper=a4 mdoc.7 man.7 \*(Gt manuals.ps
+.Dl $ mandoc \-T ps \-O paper=a4 mdoc.7 man.7 > manuals.ps
.Pp
Convert a modern
.Xr mdoc 7
.Xr mdoc 7
parser:
.Pp
-.Dl $ mandoc \-T man foo.mdoc \*(Gt foo.man
+.Dl $ mandoc \-T man foo.mdoc > foo.man
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
Messages displayed by
.Nm
follow this format:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Nm :
-.Ar file : Ns Ar line : Ns Ar column : level : message : macro args
+.Ar file : Ns Ar line : Ns Ar column : level : message : macro arguments
.Pq Ar os
.Ed
.Pp
-Line and column numbers start at 1.
+The first three fields identify the
+.Ar file
+name,
+.Ar line
+number, and
+.Ar column
+number of the input file where the message was triggered.
+The line and column numbers start at 1.
Both are omitted for messages referring to an input file as a whole.
-Macro names and arguments are omitted where meaningless.
+All
+.Ar level
+and
+.Ar message
+strings are explained below.
+The name of the
+.Ar macro
+triggering the message and its
+.Ar arguments
+are omitted where meaningless.
The
.Ar os
operating system specifier is omitted for messages that are relevant
.Pp
Message levels have the following meanings:
.Bl -tag -width "warning"
+.It Cm syserr
+An operating system error occurred.
+There isn't necessarily anything wrong with the input files.
+Output may all the same be missing or incomplete.
+.It Cm badarg
+Invalid command line arguments were specified.
+No input files have been read and no output is produced.
.It Cm unsupp
An input file uses unsupported low-level
.Xr roff 7
.Cm error ,
and
.Cm unsupp
-levels except those about non-existent or unreadable input files
-are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a
+levels are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a
.Fl W
option or
.Fl T Cm lint
In fill mode, line breaks of text input lines are not supposed to be
significant.
However, for compatibility with groff, blank lines in fill mode
-are replaced with
+are formatted like
.Ic \&sp
requests.
+To request a paragraph break, use
+.Ic \&Pp
+instead of a blank line.
.It Sy "tab in filled text"
.Pq mdoc , man
The meaning of tab characters is only well-defined in non-fill mode:
.It Sy "invalid escape sequence"
.Pq roff
An escape sequence has an invalid opening argument delimiter, lacks the
-closing argument delimiter, or the argument has too few characters.
+closing argument delimiter, the argument is of an invalid form, or it is
+a character escape sequence with an invalid name.
If the argument is incomplete,
.Ic \e*
and
.Ic \ew
to the length of the incomplete argument.
All other invalid escape sequences are ignored.
+.It Sy "undefined escape, printing literally"
+.Pq roff
+In an escape sequence, the first character
+right after the leading backslash is invalid.
+That character is printed literally,
+which is equivalent to ignoring the backslash.
.It Sy "undefined string, using \(dq\(dq"
.Pq roff
If a string is used without being defined before,
.Nm
was found in an input file.
It is replaced by a question mark.
+.It Sy "unsupported escape sequence"
+.Pq roff
+An input file contains an escape sequence supported by GNU troff
+or Heirloom troff but not by
+.Nm ,
+and it is likely that this will cause information loss
+or considerable misformatting.
.It Sy "unsupported roff request"
.Pq roff
An input file contains a
The macro is ignored, and its arguments are handled
as if they were a text line.
.El
+.Ss Bad command line arguments
+.Bl -ohang
+.It Sy "bad command line argument"
+The argument following one of the
+.Fl IKMmOTW
+command line options is invalid, or a
+.Ar file
+given as a command line argument cannot be opened.
+.It Sy "duplicate command line argument"
+The
+.Fl I
+command line option was specified twice.
+.It Sy "option has a superfluous value"
+An argument to the
+.Fl O
+option has a value but does not accept one.
+.It Sy "missing option value"
+An argument to the
+.Fl O
+option has no argument but requires one.
+.It Sy "bad option value"
+An argument to the
+.Fl O
+.Cm indent
+or
+.Cm width
+option has an invalid value.
+.It Sy "duplicate option value"
+The same
+.Fl O
+option is specified more than once.
+.It Sy "no such tag"
+The
+.Fl O Cm tag
+option was specified but the tag was not found in any of the displayed
+manual pages.
+.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr apropos 1 ,
.Xr man 1 ,
git.ckatri.com / mandoc.git / blobdiff