-.\" $Id: mandoc.1,v 1.167 2017/01/06 01:34:57 schwarze Exp $
+.\" $Id: mandoc.1,v 1.188 2017/05/17 23:39:31 schwarze Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2014, 2015 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
+.\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2014-2017 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.Dd $Mdocdate: January 6 2017 $
+.Dd $Mdocdate: May 17 2017 $
.Dt MANDOC 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm mandoc
-.Nd format and display UNIX manuals
+.Nd format manual pages
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm mandoc
-.Op Fl acfhkl
+.Op Fl ac
.Op Fl I Cm os Ns = Ns Ar name
.Op Fl K Ar encoding
-.Op Fl m Ns Ar format
-.Op Fl O Ar option
+.Op Fl mdoc | man
+.Op Fl O Ar options
.Op Fl T Ar output
.Op Fl W Ar level
.Op Ar
.Xr mdoc 7
or
.Xr man 7
-text from stdin, implying
-.Fl m Ns Cm andoc ,
-and produces
+text from stdin and produces
.Fl T Cm locale
output.
.Pp
This is the default.
It can be specified to override
.Fl a .
-.It Fl f
-A synonym for
-.Xr whatis 1 .
-This overrides any earlier
-.Fl k
-and
-.Fl l
-options.
-.It Fl h
-Display only the SYNOPSIS lines.
-Implies
-.Fl c .
.It Fl I Cm os Ns = Ns Ar name
Override the default operating system
.Ar name
for the
.Xr mdoc 7
-.Sq \&Os
+.Ic \&Os
and for the
.Xr man 7
-.Sq \&TH
+.Ic \&TH
macro.
.It Fl K Ar encoding
Specify the input encoding.
.Cm iso-8859-1 ,
and
.Cm utf-8 .
-If not specified, autodetection uses the first match:
-.Bl -tag -width iso-8859-1
-.It Cm utf-8
-if the first three bytes of the input file
-are the UTF-8 byte order mark (BOM, 0xefbbbf)
-.It Ar encoding
-if the first or second line of the input file matches the
+If not specified, autodetection uses the first match in the following
+list:
+.Bl -enum
+.It
+If the first three bytes of the input file are the UTF-8 byte order
+mark (BOM, 0xefbbbf), input is interpreted as
+.Cm utf-8 .
+.It
+If the first or second line of the input file matches the
.Sy emacs
mode line format
.Pp
.D1 .\e" -*- Oo ...; Oc coding: Ar encoding ; No -*-
-.It Cm utf-8
-if the first non-ASCII byte in the file introduces a valid UTF-8 sequence
-.It Cm iso-8859-1
-otherwise
+.Pp
+then input is interpreted according to
+.Ar encoding .
+.It
+If the first non-ASCII byte in the file introduces a valid UTF-8
+sequence, input is interpreted as
+.Cm utf-8 .
+.It
+Otherwise, input is interpreted as
+.Cm iso-8859-1 .
.El
-.It Fl k
-A synonym for
-.Xr apropos 1 .
-This overrides any earlier
-.Fl f
-and
-.Fl l
-options.
-.It Fl l
-A synonym for
-.Fl a .
-Also reverts any earlier
-.Fl f
-and
-.Fl k
-options.
-.It Fl m Ns Ar format
-Input format.
-See
-.Sx Input Formats
-for available formats.
-Defaults to
-.Fl m Ns Cm andoc .
-.It Fl O Ar option
+.It Fl mdoc | man
+With
+.Fl mdoc ,
+all input files are interpreted as
+.Xr mdoc 7 .
+With
+.Fl man ,
+all input files are interpreted as
+.Xr man 7 .
+By default, the input language is automatically detected for each file:
+if the the first macro is
+.Ic \&Dd
+or
+.Ic \&Dt ,
+the
+.Xr mdoc 7
+parser is used; otherwise, the
+.Xr man 7
+parser is used.
+With other arguments,
+.Fl m
+is silently ignored.
+.It Fl O Ar options
Comma-separated output options.
.It Fl T Ar output
Output format.
The
.Ar level
can be
+.Cm style ,
.Cm warning ,
.Cm error ,
or
.Cm unsupp ;
.Cm all
is an alias for
-.Cm warning .
+.Cm style .
By default,
.Nm
is silent.
will halt with the first failed parse.
.El
.Pp
+The options
+.Fl fhklw
+are also supported and are documented in man(1).
In
.Fl f
and
mode,
.Nm
also supports the options
-.Fl CMmOSsw
+.Fl CMmOSs
described in the
.Xr apropos 1
manual.
-.Ss Input Formats
-The
-.Nm
-utility accepts
-.Xr mdoc 7
-and
-.Xr man 7
-input with
-.Fl m Ns Cm doc
-and
-.Fl m Ns Cm an ,
-respectively.
-The
-.Xr mdoc 7
-format is
-.Em strongly
-recommended;
-.Xr man 7
-should only be used for legacy manuals.
-.Pp
-A third option,
-.Fl m Ns Cm andoc ,
-which is also the default, determines encoding on-the-fly: if the first
-non-comment macro is
-.Sq \&Dd
-or
-.Sq \&Dt ,
-the
-.Xr mdoc 7
-parser is used; otherwise, the
-.Xr man 7
-parser is used.
-.Pp
-If multiple
-files are specified with
-.Fl m Ns Cm andoc ,
-each has its file-type determined this way.
-If multiple files are
-specified and
-.Fl m Ns Cm doc
-or
-.Fl m Ns Cm an
-is specified, then this format is used exclusively.
+The options
+.Fl fkl
+are mutually exclusive and override each other.
.Ss Output Formats
The
.Nm
utility accepts the following
.Fl T
arguments, which correspond to output modes:
-.Bl -tag -width "-T locale"
+.Bl -tag -width "-T markdown"
.It Fl T Cm ascii
Produce 7-bit ASCII output.
See
format output.
See
.Sx Man Output .
+.It Fl T Cm markdown
+Produce output in
+.Sy markdown
+format.
+See
+.Sx Markdown Output .
.It Fl T Cm pdf
Produce PDF output.
See
Encode output in the UTF\-8 multi-byte format.
See
.Sx UTF\-8 Output .
-.It Fl T Cm xhtml
-This is a synonym for
-.Fl T Cm html .
.El
.Pp
If multiple input files are specified, these will be processed by the
for example,
.Ar ../src/%I.html ,
is used as a template for linked header files (usually via the
-.Sq \&In
+.Ic \&In
macro).
Instances of
.Sq \&%I
for example,
.Ar ../html%S/%N.%S.html ,
is used as a template for linked manuals (usually via the
-.Sq \&Xr
+.Ic \&Xr
macro).
Instances of
.Sq \&%N
.Xr man 7 ,
the input is copied to the output, expanding any
.Xr roff 7
-.Sq so
+.Ic so
requests.
The parser is also run, and as usual, the
.Fl W
level controls which
.Sx DIAGNOSTICS
are displayed before copying the input to the output.
+.Ss Markdown Output
+Translate
+.Xr mdoc 7
+input to the
+.Sy markdown
+format conforming to
+.Lk http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax.text\
+ "John Gruber's 2004 specification" .
+The output also almost conforms to the
+.Lk http://commonmark.org/ CommonMark
+specification.
+.Pp
+The character set used for the markdown output is ASCII.
+Non-ASCII characters are encoded as HTML entities.
+Since that is not possible in literal font contexts, because these
+are rendered as code spans and code blocks in the markdown output,
+non-ASCII characters are transliterated to ASCII approximations in
+these contexts.
+.Pp
+Markdown is a very weak markup language, so all semantic markup is
+lost, and even part of the presentational markup may be lost.
+Do not use this as an intermediate step in converting to HTML;
+instead, use
+.Fl T Cm html
+directly.
+.Pp
+The
+.Xr man 7 ,
+.Xr tbl 7 ,
+and
+.Xr eqn 7
+input languages are not supported by
+.Fl T Cm markdown
+output mode.
.Ss PDF Output
PDF-1.1 output may be generated by
.Fl T Cm pdf .
to show a human readable representation of the syntax tree.
It is useful for debugging the source code of manual pages.
The exact format is subject to change, so don't write parsers for it.
-Each output line shows one syntax tree node.
+.Pp
+The first paragraph shows meta data found in the
+.Xr mdoc 7
+prologue, on the
+.Xr man 7
+.Ic \&TH
+line, or the fallbacks used.
+.Pp
+In the tree dump, each output line shows one syntax tree node.
Child nodes are indented with respect to their parent node.
The columns are:
.Pp
A closing parenthesis if the node is a closing delimiter.
.It
A full stop if the node ends a sentence.
+.It
+BROKEN if the node is a block broken by another block.
+.It
+NOSRC if the node is not in the input file,
+but automatically generated from macros.
+.It
+NOPRT if the node is not supposed to generate output
+for any output format.
.El
.El
+.Pp
+The following
+.Fl O
+argument is accepted:
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Cm noval
+Skip validation and show the unvalidated syntax tree.
+This can help to find out whether a given behaviour is caused by
+the parser or by the validator.
+Meta data is not available in this case.
+.El
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
.Bl -tag -width MANPAGER
.It Ev MANPAGER
Any non-empty value of the environment variable
.Ev MANPAGER
-will be used instead of the standard pagination program,
-.Xr more 1 .
+is used instead of the standard pagination program,
+.Xr more 1 ;
+see
+.Xr man 1
+for details.
+Only used if
+.Fl a
+or
+.Fl l
+is specified.
.It Ev PAGER
Specifies the pagination program to use when
.Ev MANPAGER
If neither PAGER nor MANPAGER is defined,
.Xr more 1
.Fl s
-will be used.
+is used.
+Only used if
+.Fl a
+or
+.Fl l
+is specified.
.El
.Sh EXIT STATUS
The
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
.It 0
-No warnings or errors occurred, or those that did were ignored because
-they were lower than the requested
+No style suggestions, warnings or errors occurred, or those that
+did were ignored because they were lower than the requested
.Ar level .
+.It 1
+At least one style suggestion occurred, but no warning or error, and
+.Fl W Cm style
+was specified.
.It 2
At least one warning occurred, but no error, and
.Fl W Cm warning
+or
+.Fl W Cm style
was specified.
.It 3
At least one parsing error occurred,
but no unsupported feature was encountered, and
.Fl W Cm error
-or
-.Fl W Cm warning
-was specified.
+or a lower
+.Ar level
+was requested.
.It 4
At least one unsupported feature was encountered, and
-.Fl W Cm unsupp ,
-.Fl W Cm error
-or
-.Fl W Cm warning
-was specified.
+.Fl W Cm unsupp
+or a lower
+.Ar level
+was requested.
.It 5
Invalid command line arguments were specified.
No input files have been read.
.Sh EXAMPLES
To page manuals to the terminal:
.Pp
-.Dl $ mandoc \-W all,stop mandoc.1 2\*(Gt&1 | less
-.Dl $ mandoc mandoc.1 mdoc.3 mdoc.7 | less
+.Dl $ mandoc -l mandoc.1 man.1 apropos.1 makewhatis.8
.Pp
To produce HTML manuals with
.Pa mandoc.css
Documents causing warnings may render poorly when using other
formatting tools instead of
.Nm .
+.It Cm style
+An input file uses dubious or discouraged style.
+This is not a complaint about the syntax, and probably neither
+formatting nor portability are in danger.
+While great care is taken to avoid false positives on the higher
+message levels, the
+.Cm style
+level tries to reduce the probability that issues go unnoticed,
+so it may occasionally issue bogus suggestions.
+Please use your good judgement to decide whether any particular
+.Cm style
+suggestion really justifies a change to the input file.
.El
.Pp
Messages of the
+.Cm style ,
.Cm warning ,
.Cm error ,
and
.Xr makewhatis 8
and
.Xr apropos 1 .
-.It Sy "NAME section without name"
+.It Sy "NAME section without Nm before Nd"
.Pq mdoc
The NAME section does not contain any
.Ic \&Nm
-child macro.
+child macro before the first
+.Ic \&Nd
+macro.
.It Sy "NAME section without description"
.Pq mdoc
The NAME section lacks the mandatory
.Ic \&Nm
and
.Ic \&Nd .
+.It Sy "missing comma before name"
+.Pq mdoc
+The NAME section contains an
+.Ic \&Nm
+macro that is neither the first one nor preceded by a comma.
.It Sy "missing description line, using \(dq\(dq"
.Pq mdoc
The
.Ic \&Nd
macro lacks the required argument.
The title line of the manual will end after the dash.
+.It Sy "description line outside NAME section"
+.Pq mdoc
+An
+.Ic \&Nd
+macro appears outside the NAME section.
+The arguments are printed anyway and the following text is used for
+.Xr apropos 1 ,
+but none of that behaviour is portable.
.It Sy "sections out of conventional order"
.Pq mdoc
A standard section occurs after another section it usually precedes.
.Ic \&Bl
.Fl offset
or
-.Fl width.
+.Fl width .
.It Sy "missing display type, using -ragged"
.Pq mdoc
The
Whitespace at the end of input lines is almost never semantically
significant \(em but in the odd case where it might be, it is
extremely confusing when reviewing and maintaining documents.
+.It Sy "new sentence, new line"
+.Pq mdoc
+A new sentence starts in the middle of a text line.
+Start it on a new input line to help formatters produce correct spacing.
.It Sy "bad comment style"
.Pq roff
Comment lines start with a dot, a backslash, and a double-quote character.
.It Sy "missing manual name, using \(dq\(dq"
.Pq mdoc
The first call to
-.Ic \&Nm
-lacks the required argument.
+.Ic \&Nm ,
+or any call in the NAME section, lacks the required argument.
.It Sy "uname(3) system call failed, using UNKNOWN"
.Pq mdoc
The
.Xr mdoc 7 ,
.Xr roff 7 ,
.Xr tbl 7
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Nm
+utility first appeared in
+.Ox 4.8 .
+The option
+.Fl I
+appeared in
+.Ox 5.2 ,
+and
+.Fl aCcfhKklMSsw
+in
+.Ox 5.7 .
.Sh AUTHORS
.An -nosplit
The
.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv
and is maintained by
.An Ingo Schwarze Aq Mt schwarze@openbsd.org .
-.Sh BUGS
-In
-.Fl T Cm html ,
-the maximum size of an element attribute is determined by
-.Dv BUFSIZ ,
-which is usually 1024 bytes.
-Be aware of this when setting long link
-formats such as
-.Fl O Cm style Ns = Ns Ar really/long/link .
git.ckatri.com / mandoc.git / blobdiff