-.\" $Id: mandoc.3,v 1.3 2011/04/09 15:53:48 kristaps Exp $
+.\" $Id: mandoc.3,v 1.24 2014/03/23 11:25:26 schwarze Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
.\" Copyright (c) 2010 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.Dd $Mdocdate: April 9 2011 $
+.Dd $Mdocdate: March 23 2014 $
.Dt MANDOC 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm mandoc ,
+.Nm mandoc_calloc ,
.Nm mandoc_escape ,
+.Nm mandoc_malloc ,
+.Nm mandoc_realloc ,
+.Nm mandoc_strdup ,
+.Nm mandoc_strndup ,
.Nm man_meta ,
+.Nm man_mparse ,
.Nm man_node ,
+.Nm mchars_alloc ,
+.Nm mchars_free ,
+.Nm mchars_num2char ,
+.Nm mchars_num2uc ,
+.Nm mchars_spec2cp ,
+.Nm mchars_spec2str ,
.Nm mdoc_meta ,
.Nm mdoc_node ,
.Nm mparse_alloc ,
.Nm mparse_free ,
+.Nm mparse_getkeep ,
+.Nm mparse_keep ,
.Nm mparse_readfd ,
.Nm mparse_reset ,
.Nm mparse_result ,
.Nm mparse_strerror ,
.Nm mparse_strlevel
.Nd mandoc macro compiler library
+.Sh LIBRARY
+.Lb libmandoc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.In man.h
-.In mdoc.h
.In mandoc.h
+.Fd "#define ASCII_NBRSP"
+.Fd "#define ASCII_HYPH"
+.Fd "#define ASCII_BREAK"
+.Ft "void *"
+.Fo mandoc_calloc
+.Fa "size_t nmemb"
+.Fa "size_t size"
+.Fc
.Ft "enum mandoc_esc"
.Fo mandoc_escape
-.Fa "const char **in"
-.Fa "const char **seq"
-.Fa "int *len"
-.Fc
-.Ft "const struct man_meta *"
-.Fo man_meta
-.Fa "const struct man *man"
+.Fa "const char **end"
+.Fa "const char **start"
+.Fa "int *sz"
.Fc
-.Ft "const struct man_node *"
-.Fo man_node
-.Fa "const struct man *man"
+.Ft "void *"
+.Fn mandoc_malloc "size_t size"
+.Ft "struct mchars *"
+.Fo mandoc_realloc
+.Fa "void *ptr"
+.Fa "size_t size"
.Fc
-.Ft "const struct mdoc_meta *"
-.Fo mdoc_meta
-.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc"
+.Ft "char *"
+.Fn mandoc_strdup
+.Fn mchars_alloc "void"
+.Ft void
+.Fn mchars_free "struct mchars *p"
+.Ft char
+.Fn mchars_num2char "const char *cp" "size_t sz"
+.Ft int
+.Fn mchars_num2uc "const char *cp" "size_t sz"
+.Ft "const char *"
+.Fo mchars_spec2str
+.Fa "const struct mchars *p"
+.Fa "const char *cp"
+.Fa "size_t sz"
+.Fa "size_t *rsz"
.Fc
-.Ft "const struct mdoc_node *"
-.Fo mdoc_node
-.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc"
+.Ft int
+.Fo mchars_spec2cp
+.Fa "const struct mchars *p"
+.Fa "const char *cp"
+.Fa "size_t sz"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo mparse_alloc
-.Fa "enum mparset type"
+.Fa "enum mparset inttype"
.Fa "enum mandoclevel wlevel"
-.Fa "mandocmsg msg"
-.Fa "void *msgarg"
+.Fa "mandocmsg mmsg"
+.Fa "char *defos"
+.Fa "int quick"
+.Fc
+.Ft void
+.Fo (*mandocmsg)
+.Fa "enum mandocerr errtype"
+.Fa "enum mandoclevel level"
+.Fa "const char *file"
+.Fa "int line"
+.Fa "int col"
+.Fa "const char *msg"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo mparse_free
.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
.Fc
+.Ft const char *
+.Fo mparse_getkeep
+.Fa "const struct mparse *parse"
+.Fc
+.Ft void
+.Fo mparse_keep
+.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
+.Fc
.Ft "enum mandoclevel"
.Fo mparse_readfd
.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
.Fo mparse_strlevel
.Fa "enum mandoclevel"
.Fc
-.Vt extern const char * const * man_macronames;
+.In mandoc.h
+.In mdoc.h
+.Ft "const struct mdoc_meta *"
+.Fo mdoc_meta
+.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc"
+.Fc
+.Ft "const struct mdoc_node *"
+.Fo mdoc_node
+.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc"
+.Fc
.Vt extern const char * const * mdoc_argnames;
.Vt extern const char * const * mdoc_macronames;
+.In mandoc.h
+.In man.h
+.Ft "const struct man_meta *"
+.Fo man_meta
+.Fa "const struct man *man"
+.Fc
+.Ft "const struct mparse *"
+.Fo man_mparse
+.Fa "const struct man *man"
+.Fc
+.Ft "const struct man_node *"
+.Fo man_node
+.Fa "const struct man *man"
+.Fc
+.Vt extern const char * const * man_macronames;
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm mandoc
.Fn mparse_reset
and parse new files.
.El
+.Pp
+The
+.Nm
+library also contains routines for translating character strings into glyphs
+.Pq see Fn mchars_alloc
+and parsing escape sequences from strings
+.Pq see Fn mandoc_escape .
.Sh REFERENCE
This section documents the functions, types, and variables available
via
.Ss Types
.Bl -ohang
.It Vt "enum mandoc_esc"
+An escape sequence classification.
.It Vt "enum mandocerr"
+A fatal error, error, or warning message during parsing.
.It Vt "enum mandoclevel"
+A classification of an
+.Vt "enum mandocerr"
+as regards system operation.
+.It Vt "struct mchars"
+An opaque pointer to an object allowing for translation between
+character strings and glyphs.
+See
+.Fn mchars_alloc .
.It Vt "enum mparset"
+The type of parser when reading input.
+This should usually be
+.Dv MPARSE_AUTO
+for auto-detection.
.It Vt "struct mparse"
+An opaque pointer to a running parse sequence.
+Created with
+.Fn mparse_alloc
+and freed with
+.Fn mparse_free .
+This may be used across parsed input if
+.Fn mparse_reset
+is called between parses.
.It Vt "mandocmsg"
+A prototype for a function to handle fatal error, error, and warning
+messages emitted by the parser.
.El
.Ss Functions
.Bl -ohang
.It Fn mandoc_escape
+Scan an escape sequence, i.e., a character string beginning with
+.Sq \e .
+Pass a pointer to the character after the
+.Sq \e
+as
+.Va end ;
+it will be set to the supremum of the parsed escape sequence unless
+returning
+.Dv ESCAPE_ERROR ,
+in which case the string is bogus and should be
+thrown away.
+If not
+.Dv ESCAPE_ERROR
+or
+.Dv ESCAPE_IGNORE ,
+.Va start
+is set to the first relevant character of the substring (font, glyph,
+whatever) of length
+.Va sz .
+Both
+.Va start
+and
+.Va sz
+may be
+.Dv NULL .
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa mandoc.c .
.It Fn man_meta
+Obtain the meta-data of a successful parse.
+This may only be used on a pointer returned by
+.Fn mparse_result .
+Declared in
+.In man.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa man.c .
+.It Fn man_mparse
+Get the parser used for the current output.
+Declared in
+.In man.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa man.c .
.It Fn man_node
+Obtain the root node of a successful parse.
+This may only be used on a pointer returned by
+.Fn mparse_result .
+Declared in
+.In man.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa man.c .
+.It Fn mchars_alloc
+Allocate an
+.Vt "struct mchars *"
+object for translating special characters into glyphs.
+See
+.Xr mandoc_char 7
+for an overview of special characters.
+The object must be freed with
+.Fn mchars_free .
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa chars.c .
+.It Fn mchars_free
+Free an object created with
+.Fn mchars_alloc .
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa chars.c .
+.It Fn mchars_num2char
+Convert a character index (e.g., the \eN\(aq\(aq escape) into a
+printable ASCII character.
+Returns \e0 (the nil character) if the input sequence is malformed.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa chars.c .
+.It Fn mchars_num2uc
+Convert a hexadecimal character index (e.g., the \e[uNNNN] escape) into
+a Unicode codepoint.
+Returns \e0 (the nil character) if the input sequence is malformed.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa chars.c .
+.It Fn mchars_spec2cp
+Convert a special character into a valid Unicode codepoint.
+Returns \-1 on failure or a non-zero Unicode codepoint on success.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa chars.c .
+.It Fn mchars_spec2str
+Convert a special character into an ASCII string.
+Returns
+.Dv NULL
+on failure.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa chars.c .
.It Fn mdoc_meta
+Obtain the meta-data of a successful parse.
+This may only be used on a pointer returned by
+.Fn mparse_result .
+Declared in
+.In mdoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa mdoc.c .
.It Fn mdoc_node
+Obtain the root node of a successful parse.
+This may only be used on a pointer returned by
+.Fn mparse_result .
+Declared in
+.In mdoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa mdoc.c .
.It Fn mparse_alloc
+Allocate a parser.
+The arguments have the following effect:
+.Bl -tag -offset 5n -width inttype
+.It Ar inttype
+When set to
+.Dv MPARSE_MDOC
+or
+.Dv MPARSE_MAN ,
+only that parser will be used.
+With
+.Dv MPARSE_AUTO ,
+the document type will be automatically detected.
+.It Ar wlevel
+Can be set to
+.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_FATAL ,
+.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_ERROR ,
+or
+.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_WARNING .
+Messages below the selected level will be suppressed.
+.It Ar mmsg
+A callback function to handle errors and warnings.
+See
+.Pa main.c
+for an example.
+.It Ar defos
+A default string for the
+.Xr mdoc 7
+.Sq \&Os
+macro, overriding the
+.Dv OSNAME
+preprocessor definition and the results of
+.Xr uname 3 .
+.It Ar quick
+When set, parsing is aborted after the NAME section.
+This is for example useful to quickly build minimal databases.
+.El
+.Pp
+The same parser may be used for multiple files so long as
+.Fn mparse_reset
+is called between parses.
+.Fn mparse_free
+must be called to free the memory allocated by this function.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa read.c .
.It Fn mparse_free
+Free all memory allocated by
+.Fn mparse_alloc .
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa read.c .
+.It Fn mparse_getkeep
+Acquire the keep buffer.
+Must follow a call of
+.Fn mparse_keep .
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa read.c .
+.It Fn mparse_keep
+Instruct the parser to retain a copy of its parsed input.
+This can be acquired with subsequent
+.Fn mparse_getkeep
+calls.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa read.c .
.It Fn mparse_readfd
+Parse a file or file descriptor.
+If
+.Va fd
+is -1,
+.Va fname
+is opened for reading.
+Otherwise,
+.Va fname
+is assumed to be the name associated with
+.Va fd .
+This may be called multiple times with different parameters; however,
+.Fn mparse_reset
+should be invoked between parses.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa read.c .
.It Fn mparse_reset
+Reset a parser so that
+.Fn mparse_readfd
+may be used again.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa read.c .
.It Fn mparse_result
+Obtain the result of a parse.
+Only successful parses
+.Po
+i.e., those where
+.Fn mparse_readfd
+returned less than MANDOCLEVEL_FATAL
+.Pc
+should invoke this function, in which case one of the two pointers will
+be filled in.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa read.c .
.It Fn mparse_strerror
+Return a statically-allocated string representation of an error code.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa read.c .
.It Fn mparse_strlevel
+Return a statically-allocated string representation of a level code.
+Declared in
+.In mandoc.h ,
+implemented in
+.Pa read.c .
.El
.Ss Variables
.Bl -ohang
.It Va man_macronames
+The string representation of a man macro as indexed by
+.Vt "enum mant" .
.It Va mdoc_argnames
+The string representation of a mdoc macro argument as indexed by
+.Vt "enum mdocargt" .
.It Va mdoc_macronames
+The string representation of a mdoc macro as indexed by
+.Vt "enum mdoct" .
.El
.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
This section consists of structural documentation for
.Xr mdoc 7
and
.Xr man 7
-syntax trees.
+syntax trees and strings.
+.Ss Man and Mdoc Strings
+Strings may be extracted from mdoc and man meta-data, or from text
+nodes (MDOC_TEXT and MAN_TEXT, respectively).
+These strings have special non-printing formatting cues embedded in the
+text itself, as well as
+.Xr roff 7
+escapes preserved from input.
+Implementing systems will need to handle both situations to produce
+human-readable text.
+In general, strings may be assumed to consist of 7-bit ASCII characters.
+.Pp
+The following non-printing characters may be embedded in text strings:
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Dv ASCII_NBRSP
+A non-breaking space character.
+.It Dv ASCII_HYPH
+A soft hyphen.
+.El
+.Pp
+Escape characters are also passed verbatim into text strings.
+An escape character is a sequence of characters beginning with the
+backslash
+.Pq Sq \e .
+To construct human-readable text, these should be intercepted with
+.Fn mandoc_escape
+and converted with one of
+.Fn mchars_num2char ,
+.Fn mchars_spec2str ,
+and so on.
.Ss Man Abstract Syntax Tree
This AST is governed by the ontological rules dictated in
.Xr man 7
.It ELEMENT
\(<- ELEMENT | TEXT*
.It TEXT
-\(<- [[:alpha:]]*
+\(<- [[:ascii:]]*
.El
.Pp
The only elements capable of nesting other elements are those with
.It TAIL
\(<- mnode*
.It TEXT
-\(<- [[:printable:],0x1e]*
+\(<- [[:ascii:]]*
.El
.Pp
Of note are the TEXT nodes following the HEAD, BODY and TAIL nodes of
.Pp
The
.Xr mdoc 7
-syntax tree accomodates for broken block structures as well.
+syntax tree accommodates for broken block structures as well.
The ENDBODY node is available to end the formatting associated
with a given block before the physical end of that block.
It has a non-null
.Xr mandoc 1 ,
.Xr eqn 7 ,
.Xr man 7 ,
+.Xr mandoc_char 7 ,
.Xr mdoc 7 ,
.Xr roff 7 ,
.Xr tbl 7
The
.Nm
library was written by
-.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq kristaps@bsd.lv .
+.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv .
git.ckatri.com / mandoc.git / blobdiff