-.\" $Id: mandoc.1,v 1.234 2018/12/24 23:37:22 schwarze Exp $
+.\" $OpenBSD: mandoc.1,v 1.166 2020/02/15 15:28:01 schwarze Exp $
.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2014-2021 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
.\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
-.\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2014-2018 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.Dd $Mdocdate: December 24 2018 $
+.Dd $Mdocdate: June 28 2021 $
.Dt MANDOC 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
If the standard output is a terminal device and
.Fl c
is not specified, use
-.Xr more 1
+.Xr less 1
to paginate the output, just like
.Xr man 1
would.
.It Fl c
Copy the formatted manual pages to the standard output without using
-.Xr more 1
+.Xr less 1
to paginate them.
This is the default.
It can be specified to override
.Pp
The options
.Fl fhklw
-are also supported and are documented in man(1).
+are also supported and are documented in
+.Xr man 1 .
In
.Fl f
and
is the back-space character number 8.
Emboldened characters are rendered as
.Sq c Ns \e[bs] Ns c .
+This markup is typically converted to appropriate terminal sequences by
+the pager or
+.Xr ul 1 .
+To remove the markup, pipe the output to
+.Xr col 1
+.Fl b
+instead.
.Pp
The special characters documented in
.Xr mandoc_char 7
are rendered best-effort in an ASCII equivalent.
+In particular, opening and closing
+.Sq single quotes
+are represented as characters number 0x60 and 0x27, respectively,
+which agrees with all ASCII standards from 1965 to the latest
+revision (2012) and which matches the traditional way in which
+.Xr roff 7
+formatters represent single quotes in ASCII output.
+This correct ASCII rendering may look strange with modern
+Unicode-compatible fonts because contrary to ASCII, Unicode uses
+the code point U+0060 for the grave accent only, never for an opening
+quote.
.Pp
The following
.Fl O
input files in
.Xr mdoc 7
output style.
-Specifically, this suppresses the two additional blank lines near the
-top and the bottom of each page, and it implies
+This prints the operating system name rather than the page title
+on the right side of the footer line, and it implies
.Fl O Cm indent Ns =5 .
One useful application is for checking that
.Fl T Cm man
is specified, reuse the first command line argument that is not a
.Ar section
number.
-This is useful when it is the name of a manual page,
-in particular the name of a library function.
+If that argument is in
+.Xr apropos 1
+.Ar key Ns = Ns Ar val
+format, only the
+.Ar val
+is used rather than the argument as a whole.
+This is useful for commands like
+.Ql man -akO tag Ic=ulimit
+to search for a keyword and jump right to its definition
+in the matching manual pages.
.It Cm width Ns = Ns Ar width
The output width is set to
.Ar width
is used for an external style-sheet.
This must be a valid absolute or
relative URI.
+.It Cm tag Ns Op = Ns Ar term
+Same syntax and semantics as for
+.Sx ASCII Output .
+This is implemented by passing a
+.Ic file://
+URI ending in a fragment identifier to the pager
+rather than passing merely a file name.
+When using this argument, use a pager supporting such URIs, for example
+.Bd -literal -offset 3n
+MANPAGER='lynx -force_html' man -T html -O tag=MANPAGER man
+MANPAGER='w3m -T text/html' man -T html -O tag=toc mandoc
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Consequently, for HTML output, this argument does not work with
+.Xr more 1
+or
+.Xr less 1 .
+For example,
+.Ql MANPAGER=less man -T html -O tag=toc mandoc
+does not work because
+.Xr less 1
+does not support
+.Ic file://
+URIs.
.It Cm toc
If an input file contains at least two non-standard sections,
print a table of contents near the beginning of the output.
lacking
.Xr mdoc 7
formatters.
+Embedded
+.Xr eqn 7
+and
+.Xr tbl 7
+code is not supported.
.Pp
If the input format of a file is
.Xr man 7 ,
-the input is copied to the output, expanding any
-.Xr roff 7
-.Ic so
-requests.
+the input is copied to the output.
The parser is also run, and as usual, the
.Fl W
level controls which
Any non-empty value of the environment variable
.Ev MANPAGER
is used instead of the standard pagination program,
-.Xr more 1 ;
+.Xr less 1 ;
see
.Xr man 1
for details.
.Ev MANPAGER
is not defined.
If neither PAGER nor MANPAGER is defined,
-.Xr more 1
-.Fl s
+.Xr less 1
is used.
Only used if
.Fl a
.It 6
An operating system error occurred, for example exhaustion
of memory, file descriptors, or process table entries.
-Such errors cause
+Such errors may cause
.Nm
to exit at once, possibly in the middle of parsing or formatting a file.
.El
.Pp
Message levels have the following meanings:
.Bl -tag -width "warning"
+.It Cm syserr
+An operating system error occurred.
+There isn't necessarily anything wrong with the input files.
+Output may all the same be missing or incomplete.
+.It Cm badarg
+Invalid command line arguments were specified.
+No input files have been read and no output is produced.
.It Cm unsupp
An input file uses unsupported low-level
.Xr roff 7
.Cm error ,
and
.Cm unsupp
-levels except those about non-existent or unreadable input files
-are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a
+levels are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a
.Fl W
option or
.Fl T Cm lint
or
.Ic NetBSD
keyword substitution as conventionally used in these operating systems.
-.It Sy "referenced manual not found"
-.Pq mdoc
-An
-.Ic \&Xr
-macro references a manual page that is not found in the base system.
-The path to look for base system manuals is configurable at compile
-time and defaults to
-.Pa /usr/share/man : /usr/X11R6/man .
.El
.Ss Style suggestions
.Bl -ohang
entries describing the same
.Ic \&Er
number.
+.It Sy "referenced manual not found"
+.Pq mdoc
+An
+.Ic \&Xr
+macro references a manual page that was not found.
+When running with
+.Fl W Cm base ,
+the search is restricted to the base system, by default to
+.Pa /usr/share/man : Ns Pa /usr/X11R6/man .
+This path can be configured at compile time using the
+.Dv MANPATH_BASE
+preprocessor macro.
+When running with
+.Fl W Cm style ,
+the search is done along the full search path as described in the
+.Xr man 1
+manual page, respecting the
+.Fl m
+and
+.Fl M
+command line options, the
+.Ev MANPATH
+environment variable, the
+.Xr man.conf 5
+file and falling back to the default of
+.Pa /usr/share/man : Ns Pa /usr/X11R6/man : Ns Pa /usr/local/man ,
+also configurable at compile time using the
+.Dv MANPATH_DEFAULT
+preprocessor macro.
.It Sy "trailing delimiter"
.Pq mdoc
The last argument of an
request occurs even though the document already switched to no-fill mode
and did not switch back to fill mode yet.
It has no effect.
+.It Sy "input text line longer than 80 bytes"
+Consider breaking the input text line
+at one of the blank characters before column 80.
.It Sy "verbatim \(dq--\(dq, maybe consider using \e(em"
.Pq mdoc
Even though the ASCII output device renders an em-dash as
The section number in a
.Ic \&Dt
line is invalid, but still used.
-.It Sy "missing date, using today's date"
+.It Sy "filename/section mismatch"
+.Pq mdoc , man
+The name of the input file being processed is known and its file
+name extension starts with a non-zero digit, but the
+.Ic \&Dt
+or
+.Ic \&TH
+macro contains a
+.Ar section
+argument that starts with a different non-zero digit.
+The
+.Ar section
+argument is used as provided anyway.
+Consider checking whether the file name or the argument need a correction.
+.It Sy "missing date, using \(dq\(dq"
.Pq mdoc, man
The document was parsed as
.Xr mdoc 7
In fill mode, line breaks of text input lines are not supposed to be
significant.
However, for compatibility with groff, blank lines in fill mode
-are replaced with
+are formatted like
.Ic \&sp
requests.
+To request a paragraph break, use
+.Ic \&Pp
+instead of a blank line.
.It Sy "tab in filled text"
.Pq mdoc , man
The meaning of tab characters is only well-defined in non-fill mode:
A table layout specification contains an opening parenthesis,
but no matching closing parenthesis.
The rest of the input line, starting from the parenthesis, has no effect.
+.It Sy "ignoring excessive spacing in tbl layout"
+.Pq tbl
+A spacing modifier in a table layout is unreasonably large.
+The default spacing of 3n is used instead.
.It Sy "tbl without any data cells"
.Pq tbl
A table does not contain any data cells.
The macro is ignored, and its arguments are handled
as if they were a text line.
.El
+.Ss Bad command line arguments
+.Bl -ohang
+.It Sy "bad command line argument"
+The argument following one of the
+.Fl IKMmOTW
+command line options is invalid, or a
+.Ar file
+given as a command line argument cannot be opened.
+.It Sy "duplicate command line argument"
+The
+.Fl I
+command line option was specified twice.
+.It Sy "option has a superfluous value"
+An argument to the
+.Fl O
+option has a value but does not accept one.
+.It Sy "missing option value"
+An argument to the
+.Fl O
+option has no argument but requires one.
+.It Sy "bad option value"
+An argument to the
+.Fl O
+.Cm indent
+or
+.Cm width
+option has an invalid value.
+.It Sy "duplicate option value"
+The same
+.Fl O
+option is specified more than once.
+.It Sy "no such tag"
+The
+.Fl O Cm tag
+option was specified but the tag was not found in any of the displayed
+manual pages.
+.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr apropos 1 ,
.Xr man 1 ,
git.ckatri.com / mandoc.git / blobdiff