+.\" $Id: mdoc.3,v 1.17 2009/03/14 05:21:58 kristaps Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 2009 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@kth.se>
+.\"
+.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the
+.\" above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all
+.\" copies.
+.\"
+.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL
+.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
+.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+.\" AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
+.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER
+.\" TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
+.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
-.Dd $Mdocdate: January 20 2009 $
+.Dd $Mdocdate: March 14 2009 $
.Dt mdoc 3
.Os
-.\"
+.\" SECTION
.Sh NAME
.Nm mdoc_alloc ,
.Nm mdoc_parseln ,
.Nm mdoc_meta ,
.Nm mdoc_free
.Nd mdoc macro compiler library
-.\"
+.\" SECTION
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Fd #include <mdoc.h>
.Vt extern const char * const * mdoc_macronames;
.Fn mdoc_meta "struct mdoc *mdoc"
.Ft int
.Fn mdoc_endparse "struct mdoc *mdoc"
-.\"
+.\" SECTION
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm mdoc
-library parses lines of mdoc-macro text into an abstract syntax tree.
+library parses lines of
+.Xr mdoc 7
+input (and
+.Em only
+mdoc) into an abstract syntax tree that generalises the semantic
+annotation of its input. Common front-ends for
+.Nm
+are
+.Xr mdocterm 1 ,
+.Xr mdoclint 1
+and
+.Xr mdoctree 1 .
+.\" PARAGRAPH
+.Pp
In general, applications initiate a parsing sequence with
.Fn mdoc_alloc ,
parse each line in a document with
See the
.Sx EXAMPLES
section for a full example.
+.\" PARAGRAPH
.Pp
-.\" Function descriptions.
+This section further defines the
+.Sx Types ,
+.Sx Functions
+and
+.Sx Variables
+available to programmers. Following that, the
+.Sx Abstract Syntax Tree
+section documents the output tree.
+.\" SUBSECTION
+.Ss Types
+Both functions (see
+.Sx Functions )
+and variables (see
+.Sx Variables )
+may use the following types:
+.Bl -ohang -offset "XXXX"
+.\" LIST-ITEM
+.It Vt struct mdoc
+An opaque type defined in
+.Pa mdoc.c .
+Its values are only used privately within the library.
+.\" LIST-ITEM
+.It Vt struct mdoc_cb
+A set of message callbacks defined in
+.Pa mdoc.h .
+.\" LIST-ITEM
+.It Vt struct mdoc_node
+A parsed node. Defined in
+.Pa mdoc.h .
+See
+.Sx Abstract Syntax Tree
+for details.
+.El
+.\" SUBSECTION
+.Ss Functions
Function descriptions follow:
-.Bl -ohang -offset indent
+.Bl -ohang -offset "XXXX"
+.\" LIST-ITEM
.It Fn mdoc_alloc
Allocates a parsing structure. The
.Fa data
which are documented further in the header file. Returns NULL on
failure. If non-NULL, the pointer must be freed with
.Fn mdoc_free .
+.\" LIST-ITEM
.It Fn mdoc_free
Free all resources of a parser. The pointer is no longer valid after
invocation.
+.\" LIST-ITEM
.It Fn mdoc_parseln
Parse a nil-terminated line of input. This line should not contain the
trailing newline. Returns 0 on failure, 1 on success. The input buffer
.Fa buf
is modified by this function.
+.\" LIST-ITEM
.It Fn mdoc_endparse
Signals that the parse is complete. Note that if
.Fn mdoc_endparse
is called subsequent to
.Fn mdoc_node ,
the resulting tree is incomplete. Returns 0 on failure, 1 on success.
+.\" LIST-ITEM
.It Fn mdoc_node
Returns the first node of the parse. Note that if
.Fn mdoc_parseln
.Fn mdoc_endparse
return 0, the data will be incomplete.
.El
-.Pp
-.\" Variable descriptions.
+.\" SUBSECTION
+.Ss Variables
The following variables are also defined:
-.Bl -ohang -offset indent
+.Bl -ohang -offset "XXXX"
+.\" LIST-ITEM
.It Va mdoc_macronames
An array of string-ified token names.
+.\" LIST-ITEM
.It Va mdoc_argnames
An array of string-ified token argument names.
.El
-.Pp
+.\" SUBSECTION
+.Ss Abstract Syntax Tree
+The
.Nm
-is
-.Ud
-.\"
+functions produce an abstract syntax tree (AST) describing input in a
+regular form. It may be reviewed at any time with
+.Fn mdoc_nodes ;
+however, if called before
+.Fn mdoc_endparse ,
+or after
+.Fn mdoc_endparse
+or
+.Fn mdoc_parseln
+fail, it may be incomplete. This AST is governed by the ontological
+rules dictated in
+.Xr mdoc 7
+and derives its terminology accordingly.
+.Qq In-line
+elements described in
+.Xr mdoc 7
+are described simply as
+.Qq elements .
+.\" PARAGRAPH
+.Pp
+The AST is composed of
+.Vt struct mdoc_node
+nodes with block, head, body, element, root and text types as declared
+by the
+.Va type
+field. Each node also provides its parse point (the
+.Va line ,
+.Va sec ,
+and
+.Va pos
+fields), its position in the tree (the
+.Va parent ,
+.Va child ,
+.Va next
+and
+.Va prev
+fields) and type-specific data (the
+.Va data
+field).
+.\" PARAGRAPH
+.Pp
+The tree itself is arranged according to the following normal form,
+where capitalised non-terminals represent nodes.
+.Pp
+.Bl -tag -width "ELEMENTXX" -compact -offset "XXXX"
+.\" LIST-ITEM
+.It ROOT
+\(<- mnode+
+.It mnode
+\(<- BLOCK | ELEMENT | TEXT
+.It BLOCK
+\(<- (HEAD [TEXT])+ [BODY [TEXT]] [TAIL [TEXT]]
+.It BLOCK
+\(<- BODY [TEXT] [TAIL [TEXT]]
+.It ELEMENT
+\(<- TEXT*
+.It HEAD
+\(<- mnode+
+.It BODY
+\(<- mnode+
+.It TAIL
+\(<- mnode+
+.It TEXT
+\(<- [[:alpha:]]*
+.El
+.\" PARAGRAPH
+.Pp
+Of note are the TEXT nodes following the HEAD, BODY and TAIL nodes of
+the BLOCK production. These refer to punctuation marks. Furthermore,
+although a TEXT node will generally have a non-zero-length string, in
+the specific case of
+.Sq \&.Bd \-literal ,
+an empty line will produce a zero-length string.
+.\" SECTION
.Sh EXAMPLES
The following example reads lines from stdin and parses them, operating
on the finished parse tree with
will truncate the file's last character (see
.Xr fgetln 3 ) .
Further, this example does not error-check nor free memory upon failure.
-.Bd -literal
+.Bd -literal -offset "XXXX"
struct mdoc *mdoc;
struct mdoc_node *node;
char *buf;
parsed(mdoc, node);
mdoc_free(mdoc);
.Ed
-.\"
+.\" SECTION
.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr mdoc 7 ,
-.Xr mdoc.samples 7 ,
-.Xr groff 1 ,
-.Xr mdocml 1
-.\"
-.\"
+.Xr mdocterm 1 ,
+.Xr mdoclint 1 ,
+.Xr mdoctree 1 ,
+.Xr mdoc 7
+.\" SECTION
.Sh AUTHORS
The
.Nm
utility was written by
.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq kristaps@kth.se .
-.\"
-.\"
-.Sh BUGS
-Bugs, un-implemented macros and incompabilities are documented in this
-section. The baseline for determining whether macro parsing is
-.Qq incompatible
-is the default
-.Xr groff 1
-system bundled with
-.Ox .
-.Pp
-Un-implemented: the
+.\" SECTION
+.Sh CAVEATS
+.Bl -dash -compact
+.\" LIST-ITEM
+.It
+The
.Sq \&Xc
and
.Sq \&Xo
macros aren't handled when used to span lines for the
.Sq \&It
-macro. Such usage is specifically discouraged in
-.Xr mdoc.samples 7 .
-.Pp
-Bugs: when
-.Sq \&It \-column
-is invoked, whitespace is not stripped around
-.Sq \&Ta
-or tab-character separators.
-.Pp
-Incompatible: the
-.Sq \&At
-macro only accepts a single parameter. Furthermore, several macros
-.Pf ( Sq \&Pp ,
-.Sq \&It ,
-and possibly others) accept multiple arguments with a warning.
-.Pp
-Incompatible: only those macros specified by
-.Xr mdoc.samples 7
-and
-.Xr mdoc 7
-for
-.Ox
-are supported; support for
-.Nx
-and other BSD systems is in progress.
+macro.
+.\" LIST-ITEM
+.It
+The
+.Sq \&Bsx
+macro doesn't yet understand version arguments.
+.El
git.ckatri.com / mandoc.git / blobdiff