Revert "Set chpass to 755 too"

[pw-darwin.git] / chpass / chpass.1

diff --git a/chpass/chpass.1 b/chpass/chpass.1
index a03c80aa98aa7c111b9bc8338f412434a10f8263..607f2c89b3493ec480cf7cf1856930425209f61a 100644 (file)
--- a/chpass/chpass.1
+++ b/chpass/chpass.1
@@ -9,11 +9,7 @@
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

-.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
-.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
-.\"    This product includes software developed by the University of
-.\"    California, Berkeley and its contributors.
-.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors

 .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 .\"    without specific prior written permission.
 .\"
 .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 .\"    without specific prior written permission.
 .\"


@@ -30,50 +26,81 @@
 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .\"     @(#)chpass.1   8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
 .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .\"     @(#)chpass.1   8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93

-.\"     $Id: chpass.1,v 1.11 1998/08/14 03:47:38 thepish Exp $
+.\" $FreeBSD$

 .\"
 .\"

-.Dd December 30, 1993
+.Dd May 25, 2021

 .Dt CHPASS 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Dt CHPASS 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME

-.Nm chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh
+.Nm chpass ,
+.Nm chfn ,
+.Nm chsh ,
+.Nm ypchpass ,
+.Nm ypchfn ,
+.Nm ypchsh

 .Nd add or change user database information
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm chpass
 .Op Fl a Ar list
 .Nd add or change user database information
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm chpass
 .Op Fl a Ar list

+.Op Fl e Ar expiretime
+.Op Fl p Ar encpass
+.Op Fl s Ar newshell
+.Op user
+.Nm ypchpass
+.Op Fl loy
+.Op Fl a Ar list
+.Op Fl d Ar domain
+.Op Fl e Ar expiretime
+.Op Fl h Ar host

 .Op Fl p Ar encpass
 .Op Fl s Ar newshell
 .Op user
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The
 .Op Fl p Ar encpass
 .Op Fl s Ar newshell
 .Op user
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The

-.Nm chpass
-program
+.Nm
+utility

 allows editing of the user database information associated
 with
 .Ar user
 or, by default, the current user.
 allows editing of the user database information associated
 with
 .Ar user
 or, by default, the current user.

+.Pp
+The
+.Nm chfn ,
+.Nm chsh ,
+.Nm ypchpass ,
+.Nm ypchfn
+and
+.Nm ypchsh
+utilities behave identically to
+.Nm .
+(There is only one program.)
+.Pp

 The information is formatted and supplied to an editor for changes.
 .Pp
 Only the information that the user is allowed to change is displayed.
 .Pp
 The options are as follows:
 The information is formatted and supplied to an editor for changes.
 .Pp
 Only the information that the user is allowed to change is displayed.
 .Pp
 The options are as follows:

-.Bl -tag -width flag
-.It Fl a
+.Bl -tag -width "-e expiretime"
+.It Fl a Ar list

 The super-user is allowed to directly supply a user database
 entry, in the format specified by
 .Xr passwd 5 ,
 as an argument.
 The super-user is allowed to directly supply a user database
 entry, in the format specified by
 .Xr passwd 5 ,
 as an argument.

-This argument must be a colon (``:'') separated list of all the
+This argument must be a colon
+.Pq Dq \&:
+separated list of all the

 user database fields, although they may be empty.
 user database fields, although they may be empty.

-.It Fl p
+.It Fl e Ar expiretime
+Change the account expire time.
+This option is used to set the expire time
+from a script as if it was done in the interactive editor.
+.It Fl p Ar encpass

 The super-user is allowed to directly supply an encrypted password field,
 in the format used by
 .Xr crypt 3 ,
 as an argument.
 The super-user is allowed to directly supply an encrypted password field,
 in the format used by
 .Xr crypt 3 ,
 as an argument.

-.It Fl s
-The
-.Fl s
-option attempts to change the user's shell to
+.It Fl s Ar newshell
+Attempt to change the user's shell to

 .Ar newshell .
 .El
 .Pp
 .Ar newshell .
 .El
 .Pp


@@ -96,12 +123,12 @@ password change time
 account expiration time
 .It Full Name:
 user's real name
 account expiration time
 .It Full Name:
 user's real name

-.It Location:
-user's normal location (1)
-.It Home Phone:
-user's home phone (1)
+.It Office Location:
+user's office location (1)

 .It Office Phone:
 user's office phone (1)
 .It Office Phone:
 user's office phone (1)

+.It Home Phone:
+user's home phone (1)

 .It Other Information:
 any locally defined parameters for user (1)
 .It Home Directory:
 .It Other Information:
 any locally defined parameters for user (1)
 .It Home Directory:


@@ -131,14 +158,17 @@ Both of these fields should be unique across the system (and often
 across a group of systems) as they control file access.
 .Pp
 While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical login names
 across a group of systems) as they control file access.
 .Pp
 While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical login names

-and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so.  Routines
+and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so.
+Routines

 that manipulate these files will often return only one of the multiple
 entries, and that one by random selection.
 .Pp
 The
 that manipulate these files will often return only one of the multiple
 entries, and that one by random selection.
 .Pp
 The

-.Ar group
+.Ar gid

 field is the group that the user will be placed in at login.
 field is the group that the user will be placed in at login.

-Since BSD supports multiple groups (see
+Since
+.Bx
+supports multiple groups (see

 .Xr groups 1 )
 this field currently has little special meaning.
 This field may be filled in with either a number or a group name (see
 .Xr groups 1 )
 this field currently has little special meaning.
 This field may be filled in with either a number or a group name (see


@@ -147,7 +177,7 @@ This field may be filled in with either a number or a group name (see
 The
 .Ar class
 field references class descriptions in
 The
 .Ar class
 field references class descriptions in

-.Ar /etc/login.conf
+.Pa /etc/login.conf

 and is typically used to initialize the user's system resource limits
 when they login.
 .Pp
 and is typically used to initialize the user's system resource limits
 when they login.
 .Pp


@@ -163,7 +193,9 @@ Both the
 .Ar change
 and
 .Ar expire
 .Ar change
 and
 .Ar expire

-fields should be entered in the form ``month day year'' where
+fields should be entered in the form
+.Dq month day year
+where

 .Ar month
 is the month name (the first three characters are sufficient),
 .Ar day
 .Ar month
 is the month name (the first three characters are sufficient),
 .Ar day


@@ -179,11 +211,18 @@ and
 numbers and finally
 .Ar other information
 which is a single comma delimited string to represent any additional
 numbers and finally
 .Ar other information
 which is a single comma delimited string to represent any additional

-gcos fields (typically used for site specific user information).
+gecos fields (typically used for site specific user information).
+Note that
+.Xr finger 1
+will display the office location and office phone together under the
+heading
+.Ar Office\&: .

 .Pp
 The user's
 .Ar home directory
 .Pp
 The user's
 .Ar home directory

-is the full UNIX path name where the user
+is the full
+.Ux
+path name where the user

 will be placed at login.
 .Pp
 The
 will be placed at login.
 .Pp
 The


@@ -201,40 +240,51 @@ Non-standard is defined as a shell not found in
 .Pa /etc/shells .
 .Pp
 Once the information has been verified,
 .Pa /etc/shells .
 .Pp
 Once the information has been verified,

-.Nm chpass
+.Nm

 uses
 .Xr pwd_mkdb 8
 to update the user database.
 .Sh ENVIRONMENT
 The
 .Xr vi 1
 uses
 .Xr pwd_mkdb 8
 to update the user database.
 .Sh ENVIRONMENT
 The
 .Xr vi 1

-editor will be used unless the environment variable EDITOR is set to
+editor will be used unless the environment variable
+.Ev EDITOR
+is set to

 an alternate editor.
 When the editor terminates, the information is re-read and used to
 update the user database itself.
 Only the user, or the super-user, may edit the information associated
 with the user.
 an alternate editor.
 When the editor terminates, the information is re-read and used to
 update the user database itself.
 Only the user, or the super-user, may edit the information associated
 with the user.

+.Pp
+See
+.Xr pwd_mkdb 8
+for an explanation of the impact of setting the
+.Ev PW_SCAN_BIG_IDS
+environment variable.

 .Sh NIS INTERACTION
 .Sh NIS INTERACTION

-.Nm Chpass
-can also be used in conjunction with NIS, however some restrictions
+The
+.Nm
+utility can also be used in conjunction with NIS, however some restrictions

 apply.
 Currently,
 apply.
 Currently,

-.Nm chpass
+.Nm

 can only make changes to the NIS passwd maps through
 .Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8 ,
 which normally only permits changes to a user's password, shell and GECOS
 can only make changes to the NIS passwd maps through
 .Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8 ,
 which normally only permits changes to a user's password, shell and GECOS

-fields. Except when invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
-.Nm chpass
+fields.
+Except when invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
+.Nm

 (and, similarly,
 .Xr passwd 1 )
 (and, similarly,
 .Xr passwd 1 )

-can not use the
+cannot use the

 .Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
 server to change other user information or
 add new records to the NIS passwd maps.
 Furthermore,
 .Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
 requires password authentication before it will make any
 .Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
 server to change other user information or
 add new records to the NIS passwd maps.
 Furthermore,
 .Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
 requires password authentication before it will make any

-changes. The only user allowed to submit changes without supplying
+changes.
+The only user allowed to submit changes without supplying

 a password is the super-user on the NIS master server; all other users,
 including those with root privileges on NIS clients (and NIS slave
 servers) must enter a password.
 a password is the super-user on the NIS master server; all other users,
 including those with root privileges on NIS clients (and NIS slave
 servers) must enter a password.


@@ -245,45 +295,48 @@ updates to the NIS maps, but editing the map source files by hand can
 be cumbersome.
 .Pp
 Note: these exceptions only apply when the NIS master server is a
 be cumbersome.
 .Pp
 Note: these exceptions only apply when the NIS master server is a

-FreeBSD system.)
+.Fx
+system).

 .Pp
 Consequently, except where noted, the following restrictions apply when
 .Pp
 Consequently, except where noted, the following restrictions apply when

-.Nm chpass
+.Nm

 is used with NIS:
 .Bl -enum -offset indent
 .It
 is used with NIS:
 .Bl -enum -offset indent
 .It

-.Pa Only the shell and GECOS information may be changed.
+.Em "Only the shell and GECOS information may be changed" .

 All other
 fields are restricted, even when
 All other
 fields are restricted, even when

-.Nm chpass
+.Nm

 is invoked by the super-user.
 While support for
 changing other fields could be added, this would lead to
 compatibility problems with other NIS-capable systems.
 Even though the super-user may supply data for other fields
 while editing an entry, the extra information (other than the
 is invoked by the super-user.
 While support for
 changing other fields could be added, this would lead to
 compatibility problems with other NIS-capable systems.
 Even though the super-user may supply data for other fields
 while editing an entry, the extra information (other than the

-password -- see below) will be silently discarded.
+password \(em see below) will be silently discarded.

 .Pp
 Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is permitted to
 change any field.
 .Pp
 Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is permitted to
 change any field.

-.Pp

 .It
 .It

-.Pa Password authentication is required.
-.Nm Chpass
-will prompt for the user's NIS password before effecting
-any changes. If the password is invalid, all changes will be
+.Em "Password authentication is required" .
+The
+.Nm
+utility will prompt for the user's NIS password before effecting
+any changes.
+If the password is invalid, all changes will be

 discarded.
 .Pp
 Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is allowed to
 discarded.
 .Pp
 Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is allowed to

-submit changes without supplying a password. (The super-user may
+submit changes without supplying a password.
+(The super-user may

 choose to turn off this feature using the
 .Fl o
 flag, described below.)
 .It
 choose to turn off this feature using the
 .Fl o
 flag, described below.)
 .It

-.Pa Adding new records to the local
-.Pa password database is discouraged.
-.Nm Chpass
-will allow the administrator to add new records to the
+.Em "Adding new records to the local password database is discouraged" .
+The
+.Nm
+utility will allow the administrator to add new records to the

 local password database while NIS is enabled, but this can lead to
 some confusion since the new records are appended to the end of
 the master password file, usually after the special NIS '+' entries.
 local password database while NIS is enabled, but this can lead to
 some confusion since the new records are appended to the end of
 the master password file, usually after the special NIS '+' entries.


@@ -298,19 +351,23 @@ to the NIS password maps, provided the
 server has been started with the
 .Fl a
 flag to permitted additions (it refuses them by default).
 server has been started with the
 .Fl a
 flag to permitted additions (it refuses them by default).

-.Nm Chpass
-tries to update the local password database by default; to update the
+The
+.Nm
+utility tries to update the local password database by default; to update the

 NIS maps instead, invoke chpass with the
 .Fl y
 flag.
 .It
 NIS maps instead, invoke chpass with the
 .Fl y
 flag.
 .It

-.Pa Password changes are not permitted.
+.Em "Password changes are not permitted".

 Users should use
 .Xr passwd 1
 or
 .Xr yppasswd 1
 Users should use
 .Xr passwd 1
 or
 .Xr yppasswd 1

-to change their NIS passwords. The super-user is allowed to specify
-a new password (even though the ``Password:'' field does not show
+to change their NIS passwords.
+The super-user is allowed to specify
+a new password (even though the
+.Dq Password:
+field does not show

 up in the editor template, the super-user may add it back by hand),
 but even the super-user must supply the user's original password
 otherwise
 up in the editor template, the super-user may add it back by hand),
 but even the super-user must supply the user's original password
 otherwise


@@ -319,112 +376,116 @@ will refuse to update the NIS maps.
 .Pp
 Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is permitted to
 change a user's NIS password with
 .Pp
 Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is permitted to
 change a user's NIS password with

-.Nm chpass .
+.Nm .

 .El
 .Pp
 There are also a few extra option flags that are available when
 .El
 .Pp
 There are also a few extra option flags that are available when

-.Nm chpass
+.Nm

 is compiled with NIS support:
 is compiled with NIS support:

-.Bl -tag -width flag
-.It Fl l
-The
-.Fl l
-flag forces
-.Nm chpass
-to modify the local copy of a user's password
-information in the even that a user exists in both
-the local and NIS databases.
-.It Fl y
-This flag has the opposite effect of
-.Fl l .
-This flag is largely redundant since
-.Nm chpass
-operates on NIS entries by default if NIS is enabled.
+.Bl -tag -width "-d domain"

 .It Fl d Ar domain
 Specify a particular NIS domain.
 .It Fl d Ar domain
 Specify a particular NIS domain.

-.Nm Chpass
-uses the system domain name by default, as set by the
+The
+.Nm
+utility uses the system domain name by default, as set by the

 .Xr domainname 1
 .Xr domainname 1

-command. The
+utility.
+The

 .Fl d
 option can be used to override a default, or to specify a domain
 when the system domain name is not set.
 .It Fl h Ar host
 .Fl d
 option can be used to override a default, or to specify a domain
 when the system domain name is not set.
 .It Fl h Ar host

-Specify the name or address of an NIS server to query. Normally,
-.Nm chpass
+Specify the name or address of an NIS server to query.
+Normally,
+.Nm

 will communicate with the NIS master host specified in the
 .Pa master.passwd
 or
 .Pa passwd
 will communicate with the NIS master host specified in the
 .Pa master.passwd
 or
 .Pa passwd

-maps. On hosts that have not been configured as NIS clients, there is
+maps.
+On hosts that have not been configured as NIS clients, there is

 no way for the program to determine this information unless the user
 no way for the program to determine this information unless the user

-provides the hostname of a server. Note that the specified hostname need
+provides the hostname of a server.
+Note that the specified hostname need

 not be that of the NIS master server; the name of any server, master or
 slave, in a given NIS domain will do.
 .Pp
 When using the
 .Fl d
 not be that of the NIS master server; the name of any server, master or
 slave, in a given NIS domain will do.
 .Pp
 When using the
 .Fl d

-option, the hostname defaults to ``localhost.'' The
+option, the hostname defaults to
+.Dq localhost .
+The

 .Fl h
 option can be used in conjunction with the
 .Fl d
 option, in which case the user-specified hostname will override
 the default.
 .Fl h
 option can be used in conjunction with the
 .Fl d
 option, in which case the user-specified hostname will override
 the default.

-.Pp
+.It Fl l
+Force
+.Nm
+to modify the local copy of a user's password
+information in the event that a user exists in both
+the local and NIS databases.

 .It Fl o
 Force the use of RPC-based updates when communicating with
 .Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
 .It Fl o
 Force the use of RPC-based updates when communicating with
 .Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8

-(``old-mode'').
+.Pq Dq old-mode .

 When invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
 When invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,

-.Nm chpass
+.Nm

 allows unrestricted changes to the NIS passwd maps using dedicated,
 allows unrestricted changes to the NIS passwd maps using dedicated,

-non-RPC-based mechanism (in this case, a UNIX domain socket). The
+non-RPC-based mechanism (in this case, a
+.Ux
+domain socket).
+The

 .Fl o
 flag can be used to force
 .Fl o
 flag can be used to force

-.Nm chpass
-to use the standard update mechanism instead. This option is provided
+.Nm
+to use the standard update mechanism instead.
+This option is provided

 mainly for testing purposes.
 mainly for testing purposes.

+.It Fl y
+Opposite effect of
+.Fl l .
+This flag is largely redundant since
+.Nm
+operates on NIS entries by default if NIS is enabled.

 .El
 .El

-.Pp

 .Sh FILES
 .Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwd -compact
 .It Pa /etc/master.passwd
 .Sh FILES
 .Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwd -compact
 .It Pa /etc/master.passwd

-The user database
+the user database

 .It Pa /etc/passwd
 .It Pa /etc/passwd

-A Version 7 format password file
-.It Pa /etc/chpass.XXXXXX
-Temporary copy of the password file
+a Version 7 format password file
+.It Pa /etc/pw.XXXXXX
+temporary file

 .It Pa /etc/shells
 .It Pa /etc/shells

-The list of approved shells
+the list of approved shells

 .El
 .El

+.Sh EXAMPLES
+Change the shell of the current user to
+.Ql /usr/local/bin/zsh :
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh
+.Ed

 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr finger 1 ,
 .Xr login 1 ,
 .Xr passwd 1 ,
 .Xr getusershell 3 ,
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr finger 1 ,
 .Xr login 1 ,
 .Xr passwd 1 ,
 .Xr getusershell 3 ,

+.Xr login.conf 5 ,

 .Xr passwd 5 ,
 .Xr passwd 5 ,

+.Xr pw 8 ,

 .Xr pwd_mkdb 8 ,
 .Xr vipw 8
 .Rs
 .%A Robert Morris
 .Xr pwd_mkdb 8 ,
 .Xr vipw 8
 .Rs
 .%A Robert Morris

-and

 .%A Ken Thompson
 .%T "UNIX Password security"
 .Re
 .%A Ken Thompson
 .%T "UNIX Password security"
 .Re

-.Sh NOTES
-The
-.Xr chfn 1 ,
-.Xr chsh 1 ,
-.Xr ypchpass 1 ,
-.Xr ypchfn 1
-and
-.Xr ypchsh 1
-commands are really only links to
-.Nm chpass .
-.Sh BUGS
-User information should (and eventually will) be stored elsewhere.

 .Sh HISTORY
 The
 .Nm
 .Sh HISTORY
 The
 .Nm

-command appeared in 
+utility appeared in

 .Bx 4.3 Reno .
 .Bx 4.3 Reno .

+.Sh BUGS
+User information should (and eventually will) be stored elsewhere.