.Nm ypchsh
.Nd add or change user database information
.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Nm chpass
+.Nm
.Op Fl a Ar list
.Op Fl p Ar encpass
.Op Fl e Ar expiretime
.Op Fl s Ar newshell
.Op user
.Pp
-.Nm chpass
+.Nm
.Op Fl oly
.Op Fl a Ar list
.Op Fl p Ar encpass
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
-program
+utility
allows editing of the user database information associated
with
.Ar user
or, by default, the current user.
+.Pp
+The
+.Nm chfn ,
+.Nm chsh ,
+.Nm ypchpass ,
+.Nm ypchfn
+and
+.Nm ypchsh
+utilities behave identically to
+.Nm .
+(There is only one program.)
+.Pp
The information is formatted and supplied to an editor for changes.
.Pp
Only the information that the user is allowed to change is displayed.
.Xr passwd 5 ,
as an argument.
This argument must be a colon
-.Pq Dq \:
+.Pq Dq \&:
separated list of all the
user database fields, although they may be empty.
.It Fl p
.Xr crypt 3 ,
as an argument.
.It Fl e Ar expiretime
-Change the account expire time. This option is used to set the expire time
+Change the account expire time.
+This option is used to set the expire time
from a script as if it was done in the interactive editor.
.It Fl s Ar newshell
Attempt to change the user's shell to
across a group of systems) as they control file access.
.Pp
While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical login names
-and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so. Routines
+and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so.
+Routines
that manipulate these files will often return only one of the multiple
entries, and that one by random selection.
.Pp
The
.Ar group
field is the group that the user will be placed in at login.
-Since BSD supports multiple groups (see
+Since
+.Bx
+supports multiple groups (see
.Xr groups 1 )
this field currently has little special meaning.
This field may be filled in with either a number or a group name (see
The
.Ar class
field references class descriptions in
-.Ar /etc/login.conf
+.Pa /etc/login.conf
and is typically used to initialize the user's system resource limits
when they login.
.Pp
Note that
.Xr finger 1
will display the office location and office phone together under the
-heading
+heading
.Ar Office: .
.Pp
The user's
.Ev PW_SCAN_BIG_IDS
environment variable.
.Sh NIS INTERACTION
-.Nm Chpass
-can also be used in conjunction with NIS, however some restrictions
+The
+.Nm
+utility can also be used in conjunction with NIS, however some restrictions
apply.
Currently,
.Nm
can only make changes to the NIS passwd maps through
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8 ,
which normally only permits changes to a user's password, shell and GECOS
-fields. Except when invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
+fields.
+Except when invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
.Nm
(and, similarly,
.Xr passwd 1 )
-can not use the
+cannot use the
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
server to change other user information or
add new records to the NIS passwd maps.
Furthermore,
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
requires password authentication before it will make any
-changes. The only user allowed to submit changes without supplying
+changes.
+The only user allowed to submit changes without supplying
a password is the super-user on the NIS master server; all other users,
including those with root privileges on NIS clients (and NIS slave
servers) must enter a password.
.Pp
.It
.Em "Password authentication is required" .
-.Nm Chpass
-will prompt for the user's NIS password before effecting
-any changes. If the password is invalid, all changes will be
+The
+.Nm
+utility will prompt for the user's NIS password before effecting
+any changes.
+If the password is invalid, all changes will be
discarded.
.Pp
Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is allowed to
-submit changes without supplying a password. (The super-user may
+submit changes without supplying a password.
+(The super-user may
choose to turn off this feature using the
.Fl o
flag, described below.)
.It
.Em "Adding new records to the local password database is discouraged" .
-.Nm Chpass
-will allow the administrator to add new records to the
+The
+.Nm
+utility will allow the administrator to add new records to the
local password database while NIS is enabled, but this can lead to
some confusion since the new records are appended to the end of
the master password file, usually after the special NIS '+' entries.
server has been started with the
.Fl a
flag to permitted additions (it refuses them by default).
-.Nm Chpass
-tries to update the local password database by default; to update the
+The
+.Nm
+utility tries to update the local password database by default; to update the
NIS maps instead, invoke chpass with the
.Fl y
flag.
.Xr passwd 1
or
.Xr yppasswd 1
-to change their NIS passwords. The super-user is allowed to specify
+to change their NIS passwords.
+The super-user is allowed to specify
a new password (even though the
.Dq Password:
field does not show
.Pp
Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is permitted to
change a user's NIS password with
-.Nm Ns .
+.Nm .
.El
.Pp
There are also a few extra option flags that are available when
Force
.Nm
to modify the local copy of a user's password
-information in the even that a user exists in both
+information in the event that a user exists in both
the local and NIS databases.
.It Fl y
Opposite effect of
operates on NIS entries by default if NIS is enabled.
.It Fl d Ar domain
Specify a particular NIS domain.
-.Nm Chpass
-uses the system domain name by default, as set by the
+The
+.Nm
+utility uses the system domain name by default, as set by the
.Xr domainname 1
-command. The
+utility.
+The
.Fl d
option can be used to override a default, or to specify a domain
when the system domain name is not set.
.It Fl h Ar host
-Specify the name or address of an NIS server to query. Normally,
+Specify the name or address of an NIS server to query.
+Normally,
.Nm
will communicate with the NIS master host specified in the
.Pa master.passwd
or
.Pa passwd
-maps. On hosts that have not been configured as NIS clients, there is
+maps.
+On hosts that have not been configured as NIS clients, there is
no way for the program to determine this information unless the user
-provides the hostname of a server. Note that the specified hostname need
+provides the hostname of a server.
+Note that the specified hostname need
not be that of the NIS master server; the name of any server, master or
slave, in a given NIS domain will do.
.Pp
When using the
.Fl d
-option, the hostname defaults to
+option, the hostname defaults to
.Dq localhost .
The
.Fl h
allows unrestricted changes to the NIS passwd maps using dedicated,
non-RPC-based mechanism (in this case, a
.Ux
-domain socket). The
+domain socket).
+The
.Fl o
flag can be used to force
.Nm
-to use the standard update mechanism instead. This option is provided
+to use the standard update mechanism instead.
+This option is provided
mainly for testing purposes.
.El
-.Pp
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwd -compact
.It Pa /etc/master.passwd
.%A Ken Thompson
.%T "UNIX Password security"
.Re
-.Sh NOTES
-The
-.Xr chfn 1 ,
-.Xr chsh 1 ,
-.Xr ypchpass 1 ,
-.Xr ypchfn 1
-and
-.Xr ypchsh 1
-commands are really only links to
-.Nm Ns .
.Sh BUGS
User information should (and eventually will) be stored elsewhere.
.Sh HISTORY
The
-.Nm chpass
-command appeared in
+.Nm
+utility appeared in
.Bx 4.3 Reno .
git.ckatri.com / pw-darwin.git / blobdiff