.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
-.\" $Id: adduser.8,v 1.11 1996/08/27 20:04:33 wosch Exp $
-
+.\" $Id: adduser.8,v 1.19 1997/02/22 16:01:17 peter Exp $
.Dd Jan, 9, 1995
.Dt ADDUSER 8
.Os FreeBSD 2.1
.Sh NAME
.Nm adduser
.Nd command for adding new users
-
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm adduser
- [-batch username [group[,group]...] [fullname] [password]]
- [-check_only] [-config_create] [-dotdir dotdir]
- [-group login_group] [-h|-help] [-home home]
- [-message message_file] [-noconfig] [-shell shell]
- [-s|-silent|-q|-quit] [-uid uid_start] [-v|-verbose]
-
-
+.Oo
+.Fl batch Ar username
+.Op Ar group Ns , Ns Op Ar group,...
+.Op Ar class
+.Op Ar fullname
+.Op Ar password
+.Oc
+.br
+.Op Fl check_only
+.br
+.Op Fl class Ar login_class
+.br
+.Op Fl config_create
+.br
+.Op Fl dotdir Ar dotdir
+.br
+.Op Fl group Ar login_group
+.br
+.Op Fl h | help
+.br
+.Op Fl home Ar home
+.br
+.Op Fl message Ar message_file
+.br
+.Op Fl noconfig
+.br
+.Op Fl shell Ar shell
+.br
+.Op Fl s | silent | q | quiet
+.br
+.Op Fl uid Ar uid_start
+.br
+.Op Fl v | verbose
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Adduser
is a simple program for adding new users. Adduser checks
-passwd, group and shell database. It creates passwd/group entry,
-HOME-directory, dotfiles and sends new user a welcome message.
-
-.Sh RESTRICTION
+the passwd, group and shell databases. It creates passwd/group entries,
+HOME-directory, dotfiles and sends the new user a welcome message.
+.Sh RESTRICTIONS
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
.It Sy username
-Login name. Only lowercase characters or digits. Maximum length
-is 8 characters (see
+Login name. May contain only lowercase characters or digits. Maximum length
+is 16 characters (see
.Xr setlogin 2
BUGS section).
The reasons for this limit are "Historical".
Given that people have traditionally wanted to break this
limit for aesthetic reasons, it's never been of great importance to break
such a basic fundamental parameter in UNIX.
-You can change UT_NAMESIZE in /usr/include/utmp.h and recompile the
+You can change
+.Dv UT_NAMESIZE
+in
+.Pa /usr/include/utmp.h
+and recompile the
world; people have done this and it works, but you will have problems
with any precompiled programs, or source that assumes the 8-character
name limit and NIS. The NIS protocol mandates an 8-character username.
.Pa /etc/aliases .
.It Sy fullname
Firstname and surname.
+The
.Ql Pa \:
-not allowed.
+character is not allowed.
.It Sy shell
-Only valid shells from shell database or sliplogin and pppd
+Only valid shells from the shell database or sliplogin and pppd
.It Sy uid
-Automatically generated or your choice, less than 32000.
+Automatically generated or your choice, must be less than 32000.
.It Sy gid/login group
Your choice or automatically generated.
.It Sy password
-If not empty, password is encoded with crypt.
+If not empty, password is encoded with
+.Xr crypt 3 .
.El
-
-.Sh UNIQUE GROUP
-Perhaps you're missing what *can* be done with this scheme that falls apart
+.Sh UNIQUE GROUPS
+Perhaps you're missing what
+.Em can
+be done with this scheme that falls apart
with most other schemes. With each user in his/her own group the user can
safely run with a umask of 002 and have files created in their home directory
and not worry about others being able to read them.
-
+.Pp
For a shared area you create a separate uid/gid (like cvs or ncvs on freefall),
you place each person that should be able to access this area into that new
group.
-
+.Pp
This model of uid/gid administration allows far greater flexibility than lumping
users into groups and having to muck with the umask when working in a shared
area.
-
+.Pp
I have been using this model for almost 10 years and found that it works
for most situations, and has never gotten in the way. (Rod Grimes)
-
.Sh CONFIGURATION
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
.It Sy 1.
.It Sy 3.
Parse command line options
.El
-
.Sh OPTIONS
.Bl -tag -width Ds
-.It Sy -batch username [group[,group]...] [fullname] [password]
+.It Sy -batch username [group[,group]...] [class] [fullname] [password]
Batch mode.
-
.It Sy -check_only
Check /etc/passwd, /etc/group, /etc/shells and exit.
-
+.It Sy -class Ar login_class
+Set default login class
.It Sy -create_config
Create new config and message file and exit.
-
.It Sy -dotdir Ar directory
Copy files from
.Ar directory
.Ql Pa .foo .
Don't copy files if
.Ar directory
-equal with
+specified is equal to
.Ar no .
For security make all files writable and readable for owner,
don't allow group or world to write files and allow only owner
-to read/execute/write .rhost, .Xauthority, .kermrc, .netrc, Mail,
-prv, iscreen, term.
-
+to read/execute/write
+.Pa .rhost ,
+.Pa .Xauthority ,
+.Pa .kermrc ,
+.Pa .netrc ,
+.Pa Mail ,
+.Pa prv ,
+.Pa iscreen ,
+.Pa term .
.It Sy -group Ar login_group
Login group.
.Ar USER
means use username as login group.
-
.It Sy -help,-h,-?
Print options and exit.
-
.It Sy -home Ar partition
Default home partition where all users located.
-
.It Sy -message Ar file
Send new users a welcome message.
Don't send message if
.Ar file
equal with
.Ar no .
-
.It Sy -noconfig
Do not read config file.
-
.It Sy -shell Ar shell
Default shell for new users.
-
-.It Sy -silent,-s,-quit,-q
-Few warnings, question, bug reports.
-
+.It Sy -silent,-s,-quiet,-q
+Few warnings, questions, bug reports.
.It Sy -uid Ar uid
Use uid's from
.Ar uid
-up.
-
+on up.
.It Sy -verbose,-v
-Many warning, question. Recommended for novice users.
-
-
-
+Many warnings, questions. Recommended for novice users.
.Sh FORMATS
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
.Ql Pa #
is a comment.
-
-.P
.It Sy config file
.Nm Adduser
reads and writes this file.
-See /etc/adduser.conf for more details.
+See
+.Pa /etc/adduser.conf
+for more details.
.It Sy message file
-Eval variables in this file. See /etc/adduser.message for more
+Eval variables in this file. See
+.Pa /etc/adduser.message
+for more
details.
.El
-
.Sh EXAMPLES
.Pp
$ adduser
.Pp
Start adduser in interactive mode.
-
.Pp
-$ adduser -batch baerenklau guest,staff,baer 'Teddy II' qwerty7
+$ adduser -batch baerenklau guest,staff,baer '' 'Teddy II' qwerty7
.Pp
Create user 'baerenklau' and login group 'baerenklau'. Invite user
-baerenklau into groups guest, staff and baer. Realname (fullname)
-is 'Teddy II'. Password is 'qwerty7' (don't use such password!). Create
-HOME directory '/home/baerenklau' and copy all files and directories
-from /usr/share/skel to /home/baerenklau. Send user baerenklau
+baerenklau into groups guest, staff and baer. Use default login class.
+Realname (fullname)
+is 'Teddy II'. Password is 'qwerty7' (don't use such passwords!). Create
+HOME directory
+.Pa /home/baerenklau
+and copy all files and directories
+from
+.Pa /usr/share/skel
+to
+.Pa /home/baerenklau .
+Send user baerenklau
a welcome message.
-
.Pp
$ adduser -uid 5000 -group guest -message no -batch vehlefanz
.Pp
-Create user 'vehlefanz'. Login group is guest. Uid is up to
-5000, for instance 5007. No other groups, no realname, no password.
+Create user 'vehlefanz'. Login group is guest. Uid next available uid
+after 5000, for instance 5007. No other groups, no realname, no password.
Do not send a welcome message.
-
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwdxx -compact
.It Pa /etc/master.passwd
group database
.It Pa /etc/shells
shell database
+.It Pa /etc/login.conf
+login classes database
.It Pa /etc/adduser.conf
config file for adduser
.It Pa /etc/adduser.message
.It Pa /var/log/adduser
logfile for adduser
.El
-
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr chpass 1 ,
.Xr finger 1 ,
.Xr setlogin 2 ,
.Xr yp 4 ,
.Xr aliases 5 ,
-.Xr passwd 5 ,
.Xr group 5 ,
+.Xr login.conf 5 ,
+.Xr passwd 5 ,
.Xr shells 5 ,
+.Xr addgroup 8 ,
.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 ,
+.Xr rmgroup 8 ,
+.Xr rmuser 8 ,
.Xr vipw 8
-
.\" .Sh BUGS
-
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
git.ckatri.com / pw-darwin.git / blobdiff