diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'pw')
| -rw-r--r-- | pw/cpdir.c | 131 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | pw/pw.8 | 1008 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | pw/pw_user.c | 1276 |
3 files changed, 2415 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/pw/cpdir.c b/pw/cpdir.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0fd671b --- /dev/null +++ b/pw/cpdir.c @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ +/*- + * Copyright (C) 1996 + * David L. Nugent. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY DAVID L. NUGENT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND + * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE + * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE + * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL DAVID L. NUGENT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE + * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL + * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS + * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) + * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT + * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY + * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF + * SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +#ifndef lint +static const char rcsid[] = + "$FreeBSD$"; +#endif /* not lint */ + +#include <err.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <sys/stat.h> +#include <sys/param.h> +#include <dirent.h> + +#include "pw.h" +#include "pwupd.h" + +void +copymkdir(char const * dir, char const * skel, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) +{ + char src[MAXPATHLEN]; + char dst[MAXPATHLEN]; + char lnk[MAXPATHLEN]; + int len; + + if (mkdir(dir, mode) != 0 && errno != EEXIST) { + warn("mkdir(%s)", dir); + } else { + int infd, outfd; + struct stat st; + + static char counter = 0; + static char *copybuf = NULL; + + ++counter; + chown(dir, uid, gid); + if (skel != NULL && *skel != '\0') { + DIR *d = opendir(skel); + + if (d != NULL) { + struct dirent *e; + + while ((e = readdir(d)) != NULL) { + char *p = e->d_name; + + if (snprintf(src, sizeof(src), "%s/%s", skel, p) >= (int)sizeof(src)) + warn("warning: pathname too long '%s/%s' (skel not copied)", skel, p); + else if (lstat(src, &st) == 0) { + if (strncmp(p, "dot.", 4) == 0) /* Conversion */ + p += 3; + if (snprintf(dst, sizeof(dst), "%s/%s", dir, p) >= (int)sizeof(dst)) + warn("warning: path too long '%s/%s' (skel file skipped)", dir, p); + else { + if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) { /* Recurse for this */ + if (strcmp(e->d_name, ".") != 0 && strcmp(e->d_name, "..") != 0) + copymkdir(dst, src, st.st_mode & _DEF_DIRMODE, uid, gid); + chflags(dst, st.st_flags); /* propagate flags */ + } else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) && (len = readlink(src, lnk, sizeof(lnk) - 1)) != -1) { + lnk[len] = '\0'; + symlink(lnk, dst); + lchown(dst, uid, gid); + /* + * Note: don't propagate special attributes + * but do propagate file flags + */ + } else if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && (outfd = open(dst, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, st.st_mode)) != -1) { + if ((infd = open(src, O_RDONLY)) == -1) { + close(outfd); + remove(dst); + } else { + int b; + + /* + * Allocate our copy buffer if we need to + */ + if (copybuf == NULL) + copybuf = malloc(4096); + while ((b = read(infd, copybuf, 4096)) > 0) + write(outfd, copybuf, b); + close(infd); + /* + * Propagate special filesystem flags + */ + fchown(outfd, uid, gid); + fchflags(outfd, st.st_flags); + close(outfd); + chown(dst, uid, gid); + } + } + } + } + } + closedir(d); + } + } + if (--counter == 0 && copybuf != NULL) { + free(copybuf); + copybuf = NULL; + } + } +} + @@ -0,0 +1,1008 @@ +.\" Copyright (C) 1996 +.\" David L. Nugent. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY DAVID L. NUGENT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL DAVID L. NUGENT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" $FreeBSD$ +.\" +.Dd December 21, 2011 +.Dt PW 8 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm pw +.Nd create, remove, modify & display system users and groups +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar useradd +.Op name|uid +.Op Fl C Ar config +.Op Fl q +.Op Fl n Ar name +.Op Fl u Ar uid +.Op Fl c Ar comment +.Op Fl d Ar dir +.Op Fl e Ar date +.Op Fl p Ar date +.Op Fl g Ar group +.Op Fl G Ar grouplist +.Op Fl m +.Op Fl M Ar mode +.Op Fl k Ar dir +.Op Fl w Ar method +.Op Fl s Ar shell +.Op Fl o +.Op Fl L Ar class +.Op Fl h Ar fd | Fl H Ar fd +.Op Fl N +.Op Fl P +.Op Fl Y +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar useradd +.Op name|uid +.Fl D +.Op Fl C Ar config +.Op Fl q +.Op Fl b Ar dir +.Op Fl e Ar days +.Op Fl p Ar days +.Op Fl g Ar group +.Op Fl G Ar grouplist +.Op Fl k Ar dir +.Op Fl M Ar mode +.Op Fl u Ar min , Ns Ar max +.Op Fl i Ar min , Ns Ar max +.Op Fl w Ar method +.Op Fl s Ar shell +.Op Fl y Ar path +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar userdel +.Op name|uid +.Op Fl n Ar name +.Op Fl u Ar uid +.Op Fl r +.Op Fl Y +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar usermod +.Op name|uid +.Op Fl C Ar config +.Op Fl q +.Op Fl n Ar name +.Op Fl u Ar uid +.Op Fl c Ar comment +.Op Fl d Ar dir +.Op Fl e Ar date +.Op Fl p Ar date +.Op Fl g Ar group +.Op Fl G Ar grouplist +.Op Fl l Ar name +.Op Fl m +.Op Fl M Ar mode +.Op Fl k Ar dir +.Op Fl w Ar method +.Op Fl s Ar shell +.Op Fl L Ar class +.Op Fl h Ar fd | Fl H Ar fd +.Op Fl N +.Op Fl P +.Op Fl Y +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar usershow +.Op name|uid +.Op Fl n Ar name +.Op Fl u Ar uid +.Op Fl F +.Op Fl P +.Op Fl 7 +.Op Fl a +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar usernext +.Op Fl C Ar config +.Op Fl q +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar groupadd +.Op group|gid +.Op Fl C Ar config +.Op Fl q +.Op Fl n Ar group +.Op Fl g Ar gid +.Op Fl M Ar members +.Op Fl o +.Op Fl h Ar fd | Fl H Ar fd +.Op Fl N +.Op Fl P +.Op Fl Y +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar groupdel +.Op group|gid +.Op Fl n Ar name +.Op Fl g Ar gid +.Op Fl Y +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar groupmod +.Op group|gid +.Op Fl C Ar config +.Op Fl q +.Op Fl n Ar name +.Op Fl g Ar gid +.Op Fl l Ar name +.Op Fl M Ar members +.Op Fl m Ar newmembers +.Op Fl d Ar oldmembers +.Op Fl h Ar fd | Fl H Ar fd +.Op Fl N +.Op Fl P +.Op Fl Y +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar groupshow +.Op group|gid +.Op Fl n Ar name +.Op Fl g Ar gid +.Op Fl F +.Op Fl P +.Op Fl a +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar groupnext +.Op Fl C Ar config +.Op Fl q +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar lock +.Op name|uid +.Op Fl C Ar config +.Op Fl q +.Nm +.Op Fl V Ar etcdir +.Ar unlock +.Op name|uid +.Op Fl C Ar config +.Op Fl q +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The +.Nm +utility is a command-line based editor for the system +.Ar user +and +.Ar group +files, allowing the superuser an easy to use and standardized way of adding, +modifying and removing users and groups. +Note that +.Nm +only operates on the local user and group files. +.Tn NIS +users and groups must be +maintained on the +.Tn NIS +server. +The +.Nm +utility handles updating the +.Pa passwd , +.Pa master.passwd , +.Pa group +and the secure and insecure +password database files, and must be run as root. +.Pp +The first one or two keywords provided to +.Nm +on the command line provide the context for the remainder of the arguments. +The keywords +.Ar user +and +.Ar group +may be combined with +.Ar add , +.Ar del , +.Ar mod , +.Ar show , +or +.Ar next +in any order. +(For example, +.Ar showuser , +.Ar usershow , +.Ar show user , +and +.Ar user show +all mean the same thing.) +This flexibility is useful for interactive scripts calling +.Nm +for user and group database manipulation. +Following these keywords, you may optionally specify the user or group name or numeric +id as an alternative to using the +.Fl n Ar name , +.Fl u Ar uid , +.Fl g Ar gid +options. +.Pp +The following flags are common to most or all modes of operation: +.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist" +.It Fl V Ar etcdir +This flag sets an alternate location for the password, group and configuration files, +and may be used to maintain a user/group database in an alternate location. +If this switch is specified, the system +.Pa /etc/pw.conf +will not be sourced for default configuration data, but the file pw.conf in the +specified directory will be used instead (or none, if it does not exist). +The +.Fl C +flag may be used to override this behaviour. +As an exception to the general rule where options must follow the operation +type, the +.Fl V +flag may be used on the command line before the operation keyword. +.It Fl C Ar config +By default, +.Nm +reads the file +.Pa /etc/pw.conf +to obtain policy information on how new user accounts and groups are to be created. +The +.Fl C +option specifies a different configuration file. +While most of the contents of the configuration file may be overridden via +command-line options, it may be more convenient to keep standard information in a +configuration file. +.It Fl q +Use of this option causes +.Nm +to suppress error messages, which may be useful in interactive environments where it +is preferable to interpret status codes returned by +.Nm +rather than messing up a carefully formatted display. +.It Fl N +This option is available in +.Ar add +and +.Ar modify +operations, and tells +.Nm +to output the result of the operation without updating the user or group +databases. +You may use the +.Fl P +option to switch between standard passwd and readable formats. +.It Fl Y +Using this option with any of the update modes causes +.Nm +to run +.Xr make 1 +after changing to the directory +.Pa /var/yp . +This is intended to allow automatic updating of +.Tn NIS +database files. +If separate passwd and group files are being used by +.Tn NIS , +then use the +.Fl y Ar path +option to specify the location of the +.Tn NIS +passwd database so that +.Nm +will concurrently update it with the system password +databases. +.El +.Sh USER OPTIONS +The following options apply to the +.Ar useradd +and +.Ar usermod +commands: +.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist" +.It Fl n Ar name +Specify the user/account name. +.It Fl u Ar uid +Specify the user/account numeric id. +.Pp +Usually, you only need to provide one or the other of these options, as the account +name will imply the uid, or vice versa. +However, there are times when you need to provide both. +For example, when changing the uid of an existing user with +.Ar usermod , +or overriding the default uid when creating a new account. +If you wish +.Nm +to automatically allocate the uid to a new user with +.Ar useradd , +then you should +.Em not +use the +.Fl u +option. +You may also provide either the account or userid immediately after the +.Ar useradd , +.Ar userdel , +.Ar usermod +or +.Ar usershow +keywords on the command line without using the +.Fl n +or +.Fl u +options. +.El +.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist" +.It Fl c Ar comment +This field sets the contents of the passwd GECOS field, which normally contains up +to four comma-separated fields containing the user's full name, office or location, +and work and home phone numbers. +These sub-fields are used by convention only, however, and are optional. +If this field is to contain spaces, you need to quote the comment itself with double +quotes +.Ql \&" . +Avoid using commas in this field as these are used as sub-field separators, and the +colon +.Ql \&: +character also cannot be used as this is the field separator for the passwd +file itself. +.It Fl d Ar dir +This option sets the account's home directory. +Normally, you will only use this if the home directory is to be different from the +default determined from +.Pa /etc/pw.conf +- normally +.Pa /home +with the account name as a subdirectory. +.It Fl e Ar date +Set the account's expiration date. +Format of the date is either a UNIX time in decimal, or a date in +.Ql dd-mmm-yy[yy] +format, where dd is the day, mmm is the month, either in numeric or alphabetic format +('Jan', 'Feb', etc) and year is either a two or four digit year. +This option also accepts a relative date in the form +.Ql \&+n[mhdwoy] +where +.Ql \&n +is a decimal, octal (leading 0) or hexadecimal (leading 0x) digit followed by the +number of Minutes, Hours, Days, Weeks, Months or Years from the current date at +which the expiration date is to be set. +.It Fl p Ar date +Set the account's password expiration date. +This field is similar to the account expiration date option, except that it +applies to forced password changes. +This is set in the same manner as the +.Fl e +option. +.It Fl g Ar group +Set the account's primary group to the given group. +.Ar group +may be defined by either its name or group number. +.It Fl G Ar grouplist +Set additional group memberships for an account. +.Ar grouplist +is a comma, space or tab-separated list of group names or group numbers. +The user's name is added to the group lists in +.Pa /etc/group , +and +removed from any groups not specified in +.Ar grouplist . +Note: a user should not be added to their primary group with +.Ar grouplist . +Also, group membership changes do not take effect for current user login +sessions, requiring the user to reconnect to be affected by the changes. +.It Fl L Ar class +This option sets the login class for the user being created. +See +.Xr login.conf 5 +and +.Xr passwd 5 +for more information on user login classes. +.It Fl m +This option instructs +.Nm +to attempt to create the user's home directory. +While primarily useful when adding a new account with +.Ar useradd , +this may also be of use when moving an existing user's home directory elsewhere on +the file system. +The new home directory is populated with the contents of the +.Ar skeleton +directory, which typically contains a set of shell configuration files that the +user may personalize to taste. +Files in this directory are usually named +.Pa dot . Ns Aq Ar config +where the +.Pa dot +prefix will be stripped. +When +.Fl m +is used on an account with +.Ar usermod , +existing configuration files in the user's home directory are +.Em not +overwritten from the skeleton files. +.Pp +When a user's home directory is created, it will by default be a subdirectory of the +.Ar basehome +directory as specified by the +.Fl b +option (see below), bearing the name of the new account. +This can be overridden by the +.Fl d +option on the command line, if desired. +.It Fl M Ar mode +Create the user's home directory with the specified +.Ar mode , +modified by the current +.Xr umask 2 . +If omitted, it is derived from the parent process' +.Xr umask 2 . +This option is only useful in combination with the +.Fl m +flag. +.It Fl k Ar dir +Set the +.Ar skeleton +directory, from which basic startup and configuration files are copied when +the user's home directory is created. +This option only has meaning when used with the +.Fl d +or +.Fl m +flags. +.It Fl s Ar shell +Set or changes the user's login shell to +.Ar shell . +If the path to the shell program is omitted, +.Nm +searches the +.Ar shellpath +specified in +.Pa /etc/pw.conf +and fills it in as appropriate. +Note that unless you have a specific reason to do so, you should avoid +specifying the path - this will allow +.Nm +to validate that the program exists and is executable. +Specifying a full path (or supplying a blank "" shell) avoids this check +and allows for such entries as +.Pa /nonexistent +that should be set for accounts not intended for interactive login. +.It Fl h Ar fd +This option provides a special interface by which interactive scripts can +set an account password using +.Nm . +Because the command line and environment are fundamentally insecure mechanisms +by which programs can accept information, +.Nm +will only allow setting of account and group passwords via a file descriptor +(usually a pipe between an interactive script and the program). +.Ar sh , +.Ar bash , +.Ar ksh +and +.Ar perl +all possess mechanisms by which this can be done. +Alternatively, +.Nm +will prompt for the user's password if +.Fl h Ar 0 +is given, nominating +.Em stdin +as the file descriptor on which to read the password. +Note that this password will be read only once and is intended +for use by a script rather than for interactive use. +If you wish to have new password confirmation along the lines of +.Xr passwd 1 , +this must be implemented as part of an interactive script that calls +.Nm . +.Pp +If a value of +.Ql \&- +is given as the argument +.Ar fd , +then the password will be set to +.Ql \&* , +rendering the account inaccessible via password-based login. +.It Fl H Ar fd +Read an encrypted password string from the specified file descriptor. +This is like +.Fl h , +but the password should be supplied already encrypted in a form +suitable for writing directly to the password database. +.El +.Pp +It is possible to use +.Ar useradd +to create a new account that duplicates an existing user id. +While this is normally considered an error and will be rejected, the +.Fl o +option overrides the check for duplicates and allows the duplication of +the user id. +This may be useful if you allow the same user to login under +different contexts (different group allocations, different home +directory, different shell) while providing basically the same +permissions for access to the user's files in each account. +.Pp +The +.Ar useradd +command also has the ability to set new user and group defaults by using the +.Fl D +option. +Instead of adding a new user, +.Nm +writes a new set of defaults to its configuration file, +.Pa /etc/pw.conf . +When using the +.Fl D +option, you must not use either +.Fl n Ar name +or +.Fl u Ar uid +or an error will result. +Use of +.Fl D +changes the meaning of several command line switches in the +.Ar useradd +command. +These are: +.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist" +.It Fl D +Set default values in +.Pa /etc/pw.conf +configuration file, or a different named configuration file if the +.Fl C Ar config +option is used. +.It Fl b Ar dir +Set the root directory in which user home directories are created. +The default value for this is +.Pa /home , +but it may be set elsewhere as desired. +.It Fl e Ar days +Set the default account expiration period in days. +Unlike use without +.Fl D , +the argument must be numeric, which specifies the number of days after creation when +the account is to expire. +A value of 0 suppresses automatic calculation of the expiry date. +.It Fl p Ar days +Set the default password expiration period in days. +.It Fl g Ar group +Set the default group for new users. +If a blank group is specified using +.Fl g Ar \&"" , +then new users will be allocated their own private primary group +with the same name as their login name. +If a group is supplied, either its name or uid may be given as an argument. +.It Fl G Ar grouplist +Set the default groups in which new users are granted membership. +This is a separate set of groups from the primary group, and you should avoid +nominating the same group as both primary and extra groups. +In other words, these extra groups determine membership in groups +.Em other than +the primary group. +.Ar grouplist +is a comma-separated list of group names or ids, and are always +stored in +.Pa /etc/pw.conf +by their symbolic names. +.It Fl L Ar class +This option sets the default login class for new users. +.It Fl k Ar dir +Set the default +.Em skeleton +directory, from which prototype shell and other initialization files are copied when +.Nm +creates a user's home directory. +See description of +.Fl k +for naming conventions of these files. +.It Xo +.Fl u Ar min , Ns Ar max , +.Fl i Ar min , Ns Ar max +.Xc +These options set the minimum and maximum user and group ids allocated for new accounts +and groups created by +.Nm . +The default values for each is 1000 minimum and 32000 maximum. +.Ar min +and +.Ar max +are both numbers, where max must be greater than min, and both must be between 0 +and 32767. +In general, user and group ids less than 100 are reserved for use by the system, +and numbers greater than 32000 may also be reserved for special purposes (used by +some system daemons). +.It Fl w Ar method +The +.Fl w +option sets the default method used to set passwords for newly created user accounts. +.Ar method +is one of: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width random -offset indent -compact +.It no +disable login on newly created accounts +.It yes +force the password to be the account name +.It none +force a blank password +.It random +generate a random password +.El +.Pp +The +.Ql \&random +or +.Ql \&no +methods are the most secure; in the former case, +.Nm +generates a password and prints it to stdout, which is suitable where you issue +users with passwords to access their accounts rather than having the user nominate +their own (possibly poorly chosen) password. +The +.Ql \&no +method requires that the superuser use +.Xr passwd 1 +to render the account accessible with a password. +.It Fl y Ar path +This sets the pathname of the database used by +.Tn NIS +if you are not sharing +the information from +.Pa /etc/master.passwd +directly with +.Tn NIS . +You should only set this option for +.Tn NIS +servers. +.El +.Pp +The +.Ar userdel +command has only three valid options. +The +.Fl n Ar name +and +.Fl u Ar uid +options have already been covered above. +The additional option is: +.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist" +.It Fl r +This tells +.Nm +to remove the user's home directory and all of its contents. +The +.Nm +utility errs on the side of caution when removing files from the system. +Firstly, it will not do so if the uid of the account being removed is also used by +another account on the system, and the 'home' directory in the password file is +a valid path that commences with the character +.Ql \&/ . +Secondly, it will only remove files and directories that are actually owned by +the user, or symbolic links owned by anyone under the user's home directory. +Finally, after deleting all contents owned by the user only empty directories +will be removed. +If any additional cleanup work is required, this is left to the administrator. +.El +.Pp +Mail spool files and crontabs are always removed when an account is deleted as these +are unconditionally attached to the user name. +Jobs queued for processing by +.Ar at +are also removed if the user's uid is unique and not also used by another account on the +system. +.Pp +The +.Ar usermod +command adds one additional option: +.Bl -tag -width "-G grouplist" +.It Fl l Ar name +This option allows changing of an existing account name to +.Ql \&name . +The new name must not already exist, and any attempt to duplicate an +existing account name will be rejected. +.El +.Pp +The +.Ar usershow +command allows viewing of an account in one of two formats. +By default, the format is identical to the format used in +.Pa /etc/master.passwd +with the password field replaced with a +.Ql \&* . +If the +.Fl P +option is used, then +.Nm +outputs the account details in a more human readable form. +If the +.Fl 7 +option is used, the account details are shown in v7 format. +The +.Fl a +option lists all users currently on file. +Using +.Fl F +forces +.Nm +to print the details of an account even if it does not exist. +.Pp +The command +.Ar usernext +returns the next available user and group ids separated by a colon. +This is normally of interest only to interactive scripts or front-ends +that use +.Nm . +.Sh GROUP OPTIONS +The +.Fl C +and +.Fl q +options (explained at the start of the previous section) are available +with the group manipulation commands. +Other common options to all group-related commands are: +.Bl -tag -width "-m newmembers" +.It Fl n Ar name +Specify the group name. +.It Fl g Ar gid +Specify the group numeric id. +.Pp +As with the account name and id fields, you will usually only need +to supply one of these, as the group name implies the uid and vice +versa. +You will only need to use both when setting a specific group id +against a new group or when changing the uid of an existing group. +.It Fl M Ar memberlist +This option provides an alternative way to add existing users to a +new group (in groupadd) or replace an existing membership list (in +groupmod). +.Ar memberlist +is a comma separated list of valid and existing user names or uids. +.It Fl m Ar newmembers +Similar to +.Fl M , +this option allows the +.Em addition +of existing users to a group without replacing the existing list of +members. +Login names or user ids may be used, and duplicate users are +silently eliminated. +.It Fl d Ar oldmembers +Similar to +.Fl M , +this option allows the +.Em deletion +of existing users from a group without replacing the existing list of +members. +Login names or user ids may be used, and duplicate users are +silently eliminated. +.El +.Pp +.Ar groupadd +also has a +.Fl o +option that allows allocation of an existing group id to a new group. +The default action is to reject an attempt to add a group, and this option overrides +the check for duplicate group ids. +There is rarely any need to duplicate a group id. +.Pp +The +.Ar groupmod +command adds one additional option: +.Bl -tag -width "-m newmembers" +.It Fl l Ar name +This option allows changing of an existing group name to +.Ql \&name . +The new name must not already exist, and any attempt to duplicate an existing group +name will be rejected. +.El +.Pp +Options for +.Ar groupshow +are the same as for +.Ar usershow , +with the +.Fl g Ar gid +replacing +.Fl u Ar uid +to specify the group id. +The +.Fl 7 +option does not apply to the +.Ar groupshow +command. +.Pp +The command +.Ar groupnext +returns the next available group id on standard output. +.Sh USER LOCKING +The +.Nm +utility +supports a simple password locking mechanism for users; it works by +prepending the string +.Ql *LOCKED* +to the beginning of the password field in +.Pa master.passwd +to prevent successful authentication. +.Pp +The +.Ar lock +and +.Ar unlock +commands take a user name or uid of the account to lock or unlock, +respectively. +The +.Fl V , +.Fl C , +and +.Fl q +options as described above are accepted by these commands. +.Sh NOTES +For a summary of options available with each command, you can use +.Dl pw [command] help +For example, +.Dl pw useradd help +lists all available options for the useradd operation. +.Pp +The +.Nm +utility allows 8-bit characters in the passwd GECOS field (user's full name, +office, work and home phone number subfields), but disallows them in +user login and group names. +Use 8-bit characters with caution, as connection to the Internet will +require that your mail transport program supports 8BITMIME, and will +convert headers containing 8-bit characters to 7-bit quoted-printable +format. +.Xr sendmail 8 +does support this. +Use of 8-bit characters in the GECOS field should be used in +conjunction with the user's default locale and character set +and should not be implemented without their use. +Using 8-bit characters may also affect other +programs that transmit the contents of the GECOS field over the +Internet, such as +.Xr fingerd 8 , +and a small number of TCP/IP clients, such as IRC, where full names +specified in the passwd file may be used by default. +.Pp +The +.Nm +utility writes a log to the +.Pa /var/log/userlog +file when actions such as user or group additions or deletions occur. +The location of this logfile can be changed in +.Xr pw.conf 5 . +.Sh FILES +.Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwd.new -compact +.It Pa /etc/master.passwd +The user database +.It Pa /etc/passwd +A Version 7 format password file +.It Pa /etc/login.conf +The user capabilities database +.It Pa /etc/group +The group database +.It Pa /etc/master.passwd.new +Temporary copy of the master password file +.It Pa /etc/passwd.new +Temporary copy of the Version 7 password file +.It Pa /etc/group.new +Temporary copy of the group file +.It Pa /etc/pw.conf +Pw default options file +.It Pa /var/log/userlog +User/group modification logfile +.El +.Sh EXIT STATUS +The +.Nm +utility returns EXIT_SUCCESS on successful operation, otherwise +.Nm +returns one of the +following exit codes defined by +.Xr sysexits 3 +as follows: +.Bl -tag -width xxxx +.It EX_USAGE +.Bl -bullet -compact +.It +Command line syntax errors (invalid keyword, unknown option). +.El +.It EX_NOPERM +.Bl -bullet -compact +.It +Attempting to run one of the update modes as non-root. +.El +.It EX_OSERR +.Bl -bullet -compact +.It +Memory allocation error. +.It +Read error from password file descriptor. +.El +.It EX_DATAERR +.Bl -bullet -compact +.It +Bad or invalid data provided or missing on the command line or +via the password file descriptor. +.It +Attempted to remove, rename root account or change its uid. +.El +.It EX_OSFILE +.Bl -bullet -compact +.It +Skeleton directory is invalid or does not exist. +.It +Base home directory is invalid or does not exist. +.It +Invalid or non-existent shell specified. +.El +.It EX_NOUSER +.Bl -bullet -compact +.It +User, user id, group or group id specified does not exist. +.It +User or group recorded, added, or modified unexpectedly disappeared. +.El +.It EX_SOFTWARE +.Bl -bullet -compact +.It +No more group or user ids available within specified range. +.El +.It EX_IOERR +.Bl -bullet -compact +.It +Unable to rewrite configuration file. +.It +Error updating group or user database files. +.It +Update error for passwd or group database files. +.El +.It EX_CONFIG +.Bl -bullet -compact +.It +No base home directory configured. +.El +.El +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr chpass 1 , +.Xr passwd 1 , +.Xr umask 2 , +.Xr group 5 , +.Xr login.conf 5 , +.Xr passwd 5 , +.Xr pw.conf 5 , +.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 , +.Xr vipw 8 +.Sh HISTORY +The +.Nm +utility was written to mimic many of the options used in the SYSV +.Em shadow +support suite, but is modified for passwd and group fields specific to +the +.Bx 4.4 +operating system, and combines all of the major elements +into a single command. diff --git a/pw/pw_user.c b/pw/pw_user.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b59789c --- /dev/null +++ b/pw/pw_user.c @@ -0,0 +1,1276 @@ +/*- + * Copyright (C) 1996 + * David L. Nugent. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY DAVID L. NUGENT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND + * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE + * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE + * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL DAVID L. NUGENT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE + * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL + * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS + * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) + * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT + * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY + * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF + * SUCH DAMAGE. + * + */ + +#ifndef lint +static const char rcsid[] = + "$FreeBSD$"; +#endif /* not lint */ + +#include <ctype.h> +#include <err.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <sys/param.h> +#include <dirent.h> +#include <paths.h> +#include <termios.h> +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <sys/time.h> +#include <sys/resource.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <login_cap.h> +#include "pw.h" +#include "bitmap.h" + +#define LOGNAMESIZE (MAXLOGNAME-1) + +static char locked_str[] = "*LOCKED*"; + +static int print_user(struct passwd * pwd, int pretty, int v7); +static uid_t pw_uidpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args); +static uid_t pw_gidpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args, char *nam, gid_t prefer); +static time_t pw_pwdpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args); +static time_t pw_exppolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args); +static char *pw_homepolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args, char const * user); +static char *pw_shellpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args, char *newshell); +static char *pw_password(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args, char const * user); +static char *shell_path(char const * path, char *shells[], char *sh); +static void rmat(uid_t uid); +static void rmopie(char const * name); + +/*- + * -C config configuration file + * -q quiet operation + * -n name login name + * -u uid user id + * -c comment user name/comment + * -d directory home directory + * -e date account expiry date + * -p date password expiry date + * -g grp primary group + * -G grp1,grp2 additional groups + * -m [ -k dir ] create and set up home + * -s shell name of login shell + * -o duplicate uid ok + * -L class user class + * -l name new login name + * -h fd password filehandle + * -H fd encrypted password filehandle + * -F force print or add + * Setting defaults: + * -D set user defaults + * -b dir default home root dir + * -e period default expiry period + * -p period default password change period + * -g group default group + * -G grp1,grp2.. default additional groups + * -L class default login class + * -k dir default home skeleton + * -s shell default shell + * -w method default password method + */ + +int +pw_user(struct userconf * cnf, int mode, struct cargs * args) +{ + int rc, edited = 0; + char *p = NULL; + char *passtmp; + struct carg *a_name; + struct carg *a_uid; + struct carg *arg; + struct passwd *pwd = NULL; + struct group *grp; + struct stat st; + char line[_PASSWORD_LEN+1]; + FILE *fp; + char *dmode_c; + void *set = NULL; + + static struct passwd fakeuser = + { + NULL, + "*", + -1, + -1, + 0, + "", + "User &", + "/nonexistent", + "/bin/sh", + 0 +#if defined(__FreeBSD__) + ,0 +#endif + }; + + + /* + * With M_NEXT, we only need to return the + * next uid to stdout + */ + if (mode == M_NEXT) + { + uid_t next = pw_uidpolicy(cnf, args); + if (getarg(args, 'q')) + return next; + printf("%ld:", (long)next); + pw_group(cnf, mode, args); + return EXIT_SUCCESS; + } + + /* + * We can do all of the common legwork here + */ + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'b')) != NULL) { + cnf->home = arg->val; + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'M')) != NULL) { + dmode_c = arg->val; + if ((set = setmode(dmode_c)) == NULL) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid directory creation mode '%s'", + dmode_c); + cnf->homemode = getmode(set, _DEF_DIRMODE); + free(set); + } + + /* + * If we'll need to use it or we're updating it, + * then create the base home directory if necessary + */ + if (arg != NULL || getarg(args, 'm') != NULL) { + int l = strlen(cnf->home); + + if (l > 1 && cnf->home[l-1] == '/') /* Shave off any trailing path delimiter */ + cnf->home[--l] = '\0'; + + if (l < 2 || *cnf->home != '/') /* Check for absolute path name */ + errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid base directory for home '%s'", cnf->home); + + if (stat(cnf->home, &st) == -1) { + char dbuf[MAXPATHLEN]; + + /* + * This is a kludge especially for Joerg :) + * If the home directory would be created in the root partition, then + * we really create it under /usr which is likely to have more space. + * But we create a symlink from cnf->home -> "/usr" -> cnf->home + */ + if (strchr(cnf->home+1, '/') == NULL) { + strcpy(dbuf, "/usr"); + strncat(dbuf, cnf->home, MAXPATHLEN-5); + if (mkdir(dbuf, _DEF_DIRMODE) != -1 || errno == EEXIST) { + chown(dbuf, 0, 0); + /* + * Skip first "/" and create symlink: + * /home -> usr/home + */ + symlink(dbuf+1, cnf->home); + } + /* If this falls, fall back to old method */ + } + strlcpy(dbuf, cnf->home, sizeof(dbuf)); + p = dbuf; + if (stat(dbuf, &st) == -1) { + while ((p = strchr(++p, '/')) != NULL) { + *p = '\0'; + if (stat(dbuf, &st) == -1) { + if (mkdir(dbuf, _DEF_DIRMODE) == -1) + goto direrr; + chown(dbuf, 0, 0); + } else if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) + errx(EX_OSFILE, "'%s' (root home parent) is not a directory", dbuf); + *p = '/'; + } + } + if (stat(dbuf, &st) == -1) { + if (mkdir(dbuf, _DEF_DIRMODE) == -1) { + direrr: err(EX_OSFILE, "mkdir '%s'", dbuf); + } + chown(dbuf, 0, 0); + } + } else if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) + errx(EX_OSFILE, "root home `%s' is not a directory", cnf->home); + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'e')) != NULL) + cnf->expire_days = atoi(arg->val); + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'y')) != NULL) + cnf->nispasswd = arg->val; + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'p')) != NULL && arg->val) + cnf->password_days = atoi(arg->val); + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'g')) != NULL) { + if (!*(p = arg->val)) /* Handle empty group list specially */ + cnf->default_group = ""; + else { + if ((grp = GETGRNAM(p)) == NULL) { + if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*p) || (grp = GETGRGID((gid_t) atoi(p))) == NULL) + errx(EX_NOUSER, "group `%s' does not exist", p); + } + cnf->default_group = newstr(grp->gr_name); + } + } + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'L')) != NULL) + cnf->default_class = pw_checkname((u_char *)arg->val, 0); + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'G')) != NULL && arg->val) { + int i = 0; + + for (p = strtok(arg->val, ", \t"); p != NULL; p = strtok(NULL, ", \t")) { + if ((grp = GETGRNAM(p)) == NULL) { + if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*p) || (grp = GETGRGID((gid_t) atoi(p))) == NULL) + errx(EX_NOUSER, "group `%s' does not exist", p); + } + if (extendarray(&cnf->groups, &cnf->numgroups, i + 2) != -1) + cnf->groups[i++] = newstr(grp->gr_name); + } + while (i < cnf->numgroups) + cnf->groups[i++] = NULL; + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'k')) != NULL) { + if (stat(cnf->dotdir = arg->val, &st) == -1 || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) + errx(EX_OSFILE, "skeleton `%s' is not a directory or does not exist", cnf->dotdir); + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 's')) != NULL) + cnf->shell_default = arg->val; + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'w')) != NULL) + cnf->default_password = boolean_val(arg->val, cnf->default_password); + if (mode == M_ADD && getarg(args, 'D')) { + if (getarg(args, 'n') != NULL) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "can't combine `-D' with `-n name'"); + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'u')) != NULL && (p = strtok(arg->val, ", \t")) != NULL) { + if ((cnf->min_uid = (uid_t) atoi(p)) == 0) + cnf->min_uid = 1000; + if ((p = strtok(NULL, " ,\t")) == NULL || (cnf->max_uid = (uid_t) atoi(p)) < cnf->min_uid) + cnf->max_uid = 32000; + } + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'i')) != NULL && (p = strtok(arg->val, ", \t")) != NULL) { + if ((cnf->min_gid = (gid_t) atoi(p)) == 0) + cnf->min_gid = 1000; + if ((p = strtok(NULL, " ,\t")) == NULL || (cnf->max_gid = (gid_t) atoi(p)) < cnf->min_gid) + cnf->max_gid = 32000; + } + + arg = getarg(args, 'C'); + if (write_userconfig(arg ? arg->val : NULL)) + return EXIT_SUCCESS; + warn("config update"); + return EX_IOERR; + } + + if (mode == M_PRINT && getarg(args, 'a')) { + int pretty = getarg(args, 'P') != NULL; + int v7 = getarg(args, '7') != NULL; + + SETPWENT(); + while ((pwd = GETPWENT()) != NULL) + print_user(pwd, pretty, v7); + ENDPWENT(); + return EXIT_SUCCESS; + } + + if ((a_name = getarg(args, 'n')) != NULL) + pwd = GETPWNAM(pw_checkname((u_char *)a_name->val, 0)); + a_uid = getarg(args, 'u'); + + if (a_uid == NULL) { + if (a_name == NULL) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "user name or id required"); + + /* + * Determine whether 'n' switch is name or uid - we don't + * really don't really care which we have, but we need to + * know. + */ + if (mode != M_ADD && pwd == NULL + && strspn(a_name->val, "0123456789") == strlen(a_name->val) + && atoi(a_name->val) > 0) { /* Assume uid */ + (a_uid = a_name)->ch = 'u'; + a_name = NULL; + } + } + + /* + * Update, delete & print require that the user exists + */ + if (mode == M_UPDATE || mode == M_DELETE || + mode == M_PRINT || mode == M_LOCK || mode == M_UNLOCK) { + + if (a_name == NULL && pwd == NULL) /* Try harder */ + pwd = GETPWUID(atoi(a_uid->val)); + + if (pwd == NULL) { + if (mode == M_PRINT && getarg(args, 'F')) { + fakeuser.pw_name = a_name ? a_name->val : "nouser"; + fakeuser.pw_uid = a_uid ? (uid_t) atol(a_uid->val) : -1; + return print_user(&fakeuser, + getarg(args, 'P') != NULL, + getarg(args, '7') != NULL); + } + if (a_name == NULL) + errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such uid `%s'", a_uid->val); + errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such user `%s'", a_name->val); + } + + if (a_name == NULL) /* May be needed later */ + a_name = addarg(args, 'n', newstr(pwd->pw_name)); + + /* + * The M_LOCK and M_UNLOCK functions simply add or remove + * a "*LOCKED*" prefix from in front of the password to + * prevent it decoding correctly, and therefore prevents + * access. Of course, this only prevents access via + * password authentication (not ssh, kerberos or any + * other method that does not use the UNIX password) but + * that is a known limitation. + */ + + if (mode == M_LOCK) { + if (strncmp(pwd->pw_passwd, locked_str, sizeof(locked_str)-1) == 0) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "user '%s' is already locked", pwd->pw_name); + passtmp = malloc(strlen(pwd->pw_passwd) + sizeof(locked_str)); + if (passtmp == NULL) /* disaster */ + errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory"); + strcpy(passtmp, locked_str); + strcat(passtmp, pwd->pw_passwd); + pwd->pw_passwd = passtmp; + edited = 1; + } else if (mode == M_UNLOCK) { + if (strncmp(pwd->pw_passwd, locked_str, sizeof(locked_str)-1) != 0) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "user '%s' is not locked", pwd->pw_name); + pwd->pw_passwd += sizeof(locked_str)-1; + edited = 1; + } else if (mode == M_DELETE) { + /* + * Handle deletions now + */ + char file[MAXPATHLEN]; + char home[MAXPATHLEN]; + uid_t uid = pwd->pw_uid; + + if (strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") == 0) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "cannot remove user 'root'"); + + if (!PWALTDIR()) { + /* + * Remove opie record from /etc/opiekeys + */ + + rmopie(pwd->pw_name); + + /* + * Remove crontabs + */ + sprintf(file, "/var/cron/tabs/%s", pwd->pw_name); + if (access(file, F_OK) == 0) { + sprintf(file, "crontab -u %s -r", pwd->pw_name); + system(file); + } + } + /* + * Save these for later, since contents of pwd may be + * invalidated by deletion + */ + sprintf(file, "%s/%s", _PATH_MAILDIR, pwd->pw_name); + strlcpy(home, pwd->pw_dir, sizeof(home)); + + rc = delpwent(pwd); + if (rc == -1) + err(EX_IOERR, "user '%s' does not exist", pwd->pw_name); + else if (rc != 0) { + warn("passwd update"); + return EX_IOERR; + } + + if (cnf->nispasswd && *cnf->nispasswd=='/') { + rc = delnispwent(cnf->nispasswd, a_name->val); + if (rc == -1) + warnx("WARNING: user '%s' does not exist in NIS passwd", pwd->pw_name); + else if (rc != 0) + warn("WARNING: NIS passwd update"); + /* non-fatal */ + } + + editgroups(a_name->val, NULL); + + pw_log(cnf, mode, W_USER, "%s(%ld) account removed", a_name->val, (long) uid); + + if (!PWALTDIR()) { + /* + * Remove mail file + */ + remove(file); + + /* + * Remove at jobs + */ + if (getpwuid(uid) == NULL) + rmat(uid); + + /* + * Remove home directory and contents + */ + if (getarg(args, 'r') != NULL && *home == '/' && getpwuid(uid) == NULL) { + if (stat(home, &st) != -1) { + rm_r(home, uid); + pw_log(cnf, mode, W_USER, "%s(%ld) home '%s' %sremoved", + a_name->val, (long) uid, home, + stat(home, &st) == -1 ? "" : "not completely "); + } + } + } + return EXIT_SUCCESS; + } else if (mode == M_PRINT) + return print_user(pwd, + getarg(args, 'P') != NULL, + getarg(args, '7') != NULL); + + /* + * The rest is edit code + */ + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'l')) != NULL) { + if (strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") == 0) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "can't rename `root' account"); + pwd->pw_name = pw_checkname((u_char *)arg->val, 0); + edited = 1; + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'u')) != NULL && isdigit((unsigned char)*arg->val)) { + pwd->pw_uid = (uid_t) atol(arg->val); + edited = 1; + if (pwd->pw_uid != 0 && strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") == 0) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "can't change uid of `root' account"); + if (pwd->pw_uid == 0 && strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") != 0) + warnx("WARNING: account `%s' will have a uid of 0 (superuser access!)", pwd->pw_name); + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'g')) != NULL && pwd->pw_uid != 0) { /* Already checked this */ + gid_t newgid = (gid_t) GETGRNAM(cnf->default_group)->gr_gid; + if (newgid != pwd->pw_gid) { + edited = 1; + pwd->pw_gid = newgid; + } + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'p')) != NULL) { + if (*arg->val == '\0' || strcmp(arg->val, "0") == 0) { + if (pwd->pw_change != 0) { + pwd->pw_change = 0; + edited = 1; + } + } + else { + time_t now = time(NULL); + time_t expire = parse_date(now, arg->val); + + if (now == expire) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid password change date `%s'", arg->val); + if (pwd->pw_change != expire) { + pwd->pw_change = expire; + edited = 1; + } + } + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'e')) != NULL) { + if (*arg->val == '\0' || strcmp(arg->val, "0") == 0) { + if (pwd->pw_expire != 0) { + pwd->pw_expire = 0; + edited = 1; + } + } + else { + time_t now = time(NULL); + time_t expire = parse_date(now, arg->val); + + if (now == expire) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid account expiry date `%s'", arg->val); + if (pwd->pw_expire != expire) { + pwd->pw_expire = expire; + edited = 1; + } + } + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 's')) != NULL) { + char *shell = shell_path(cnf->shelldir, cnf->shells, arg->val); + if (shell == NULL) + shell = ""; + if (strcmp(shell, pwd->pw_shell) != 0) { + pwd->pw_shell = shell; + edited = 1; + } + } + + if (getarg(args, 'L')) { + if (cnf->default_class == NULL) + cnf->default_class = ""; + if (strcmp(pwd->pw_class, cnf->default_class) != 0) { + pwd->pw_class = cnf->default_class; + edited = 1; + } + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'd')) != NULL) { + if (strcmp(pwd->pw_dir, arg->val)) + edited = 1; + if (stat(pwd->pw_dir = arg->val, &st) == -1) { + if (getarg(args, 'm') == NULL && strcmp(pwd->pw_dir, "/nonexistent") != 0) + warnx("WARNING: home `%s' does not exist", pwd->pw_dir); + } else if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) + warnx("WARNING: home `%s' is not a directory", pwd->pw_dir); + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'w')) != NULL && + getarg(args, 'h') == NULL && getarg(args, 'H') == NULL) { + login_cap_t *lc; + + lc = login_getpwclass(pwd); + if (lc == NULL || + login_setcryptfmt(lc, "md5", NULL) == NULL) + warn("setting crypt(3) format"); + login_close(lc); + pwd->pw_passwd = pw_password(cnf, args, pwd->pw_name); + edited = 1; + } + + } else { + login_cap_t *lc; + + /* + * Add code + */ + + if (a_name == NULL) /* Required */ + errx(EX_DATAERR, "login name required"); + else if ((pwd = GETPWNAM(a_name->val)) != NULL) /* Exists */ + errx(EX_DATAERR, "login name `%s' already exists", a_name->val); + + /* + * Now, set up defaults for a new user + */ + pwd = &fakeuser; + pwd->pw_name = a_name->val; + pwd->pw_class = cnf->default_class ? cnf->default_class : ""; + pwd->pw_uid = pw_uidpolicy(cnf, args); + pwd->pw_gid = pw_gidpolicy(cnf, args, pwd->pw_name, (gid_t) pwd->pw_uid); + pwd->pw_change = pw_pwdpolicy(cnf, args); + pwd->pw_expire = pw_exppolicy(cnf, args); + pwd->pw_dir = pw_homepolicy(cnf, args, pwd->pw_name); + pwd->pw_shell = pw_shellpolicy(cnf, args, NULL); + lc = login_getpwclass(pwd); + if (lc == NULL || login_setcryptfmt(lc, "md5", NULL) == NULL) + warn("setting crypt(3) format"); + login_close(lc); + pwd->pw_passwd = pw_password(cnf, args, pwd->pw_name); + edited = 1; + + if (pwd->pw_uid == 0 && strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") != 0) + warnx("WARNING: new account `%s' has a uid of 0 (superuser access!)", pwd->pw_name); + } + + /* + * Shared add/edit code + */ + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'c')) != NULL) { + char *gecos = pw_checkname((u_char *)arg->val, 1); + if (strcmp(pwd->pw_gecos, gecos) != 0) { + pwd->pw_gecos = gecos; + edited = 1; + } + } + + if ((arg = getarg(args, 'h')) != NULL || + (arg = getarg(args, 'H')) != NULL) { + if (strcmp(arg->val, "-") == 0) { + if (!pwd->pw_passwd || *pwd->pw_passwd != '*') { + pwd->pw_passwd = "*"; /* No access */ + edited = 1; + } + } else { + int fd = atoi(arg->val); + int precrypt = (arg->ch == 'H'); + int b; + int istty = isatty(fd); + struct termios t; + login_cap_t *lc; + + if (istty) { + if (tcgetattr(fd, &t) == -1) + istty = 0; + else { + struct termios n = t; + + /* Disable echo */ + n.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO); + tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &n); + printf("%s%spassword for user %s:", + (mode == M_UPDATE) ? "new " : "", + precrypt ? "encrypted " : "", + pwd->pw_name); + fflush(stdout); + } + } + b = read(fd, line, sizeof(line) - 1); + if (istty) { /* Restore state */ + tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &t); + fputc('\n', stdout); + fflush(stdout); + } + if (b < 0) { + warn("-%c file descriptor", precrypt ? 'H' : + 'h'); + return EX_IOERR; + } + line[b] = '\0'; + if ((p = strpbrk(line, "\r\n")) != NULL) + *p = '\0'; + if (!*line) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "empty password read on file descriptor %d", fd); + if (precrypt) { + if (strchr(line, ':') != NULL) + return EX_DATAERR; + pwd->pw_passwd = line; + } else { + lc = login_getpwclass(pwd); + if (lc == NULL || + login_setcryptfmt(lc, "md5", NULL) == NULL) + warn("setting crypt(3) format"); + login_close(lc); + pwd->pw_passwd = pw_pwcrypt(line); + } + edited = 1; + } + } + + /* + * Special case: -N only displays & exits + */ + if (getarg(args, 'N') != NULL) + return print_user(pwd, + getarg(args, 'P') != NULL, + getarg(args, '7') != NULL); + + if (mode == M_ADD) { + edited = 1; /* Always */ + rc = addpwent(pwd); + if (rc == -1) { + warnx("user '%s' already exists", pwd->pw_name); + return EX_IOERR; + } else if (rc != 0) { + warn("passwd file update"); + return EX_IOERR; + } + if (cnf->nispasswd && *cnf->nispasswd=='/') { + rc = addnispwent(cnf->nispasswd, pwd); + if (rc == -1) + warnx("User '%s' already exists in NIS passwd", pwd->pw_name); + else + warn("NIS passwd update"); + /* NOTE: we treat NIS-only update errors as non-fatal */ + } + } else if (mode == M_UPDATE || mode == M_LOCK || mode == M_UNLOCK) { + if (edited) { /* Only updated this if required */ + rc = chgpwent(a_name->val, pwd); + if (rc == -1) { + warnx("user '%s' does not exist (NIS?)", pwd->pw_name); + return EX_IOERR; + } else if (rc != 0) { + warn("passwd file update"); + return EX_IOERR; + } + if ( cnf->nispasswd && *cnf->nispasswd=='/') { + rc = chgnispwent(cnf->nispasswd, a_name->val, pwd); + if (rc == -1) + warn("User '%s' not found in NIS passwd", pwd->pw_name); + else + warn("NIS passwd update"); + /* NOTE: NIS-only update errors are not fatal */ + } + } + } + + /* + * Ok, user is created or changed - now edit group file + */ + + if (mode == M_ADD || getarg(args, 'G') != NULL) + editgroups(pwd->pw_name, cnf->groups); + + /* go get a current version of pwd */ + pwd = GETPWNAM(a_name->val); + if (pwd == NULL) { + /* This will fail when we rename, so special case that */ + if (mode == M_UPDATE && (arg = getarg(args, 'l')) != NULL) { + a_name->val = arg->val; /* update new name */ + pwd = GETPWNAM(a_name->val); /* refetch renamed rec */ + } + } + if (pwd == NULL) /* can't go on without this */ + errx(EX_NOUSER, "user '%s' disappeared during update", a_name->val); + + grp = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid); + pw_log(cnf, mode, W_USER, "%s(%ld):%s(%ld):%s:%s:%s", + pwd->pw_name, (long) pwd->pw_uid, + grp ? grp->gr_name : "unknown", (long) (grp ? grp->gr_gid : -1), + pwd->pw_gecos, pwd->pw_dir, pwd->pw_shell); + + /* + * If adding, let's touch and chown the user's mail file. This is not + * strictly necessary under BSD with a 0755 maildir but it also + * doesn't hurt anything to create the empty mailfile + */ + if (mode == M_ADD) { + if (!PWALTDIR()) { + sprintf(line, "%s/%s", _PATH_MAILDIR, pwd->pw_name); + close(open(line, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600)); /* Preserve contents & + * mtime */ + chown(line, pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_gid); + } + } + + /* + * Let's create and populate the user's home directory. Note + * that this also `works' for editing users if -m is used, but + * existing files will *not* be overwritten. + */ + if (!PWALTDIR() && getarg(args, 'm') != NULL && pwd->pw_dir && *pwd->pw_dir == '/' && pwd->pw_dir[1]) { + copymkdir(pwd->pw_dir, cnf->dotdir, cnf->homemode, pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_gid); + pw_log(cnf, mode, W_USER, "%s(%ld) home %s made", + pwd->pw_name, (long) pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_dir); + } + + + /* + * Finally, send mail to the new user as well, if we are asked to + */ + if (mode == M_ADD && !PWALTDIR() && cnf->newmail && *cnf->newmail && (fp = fopen(cnf->newmail, "r")) != NULL) { + FILE *pfp = popen(_PATH_SENDMAIL " -t", "w"); + + if (pfp == NULL) + warn("sendmail"); + else { + fprintf(pfp, "From: root\n" "To: %s\n" "Subject: Welcome!\n\n", pwd->pw_name); + while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) { + /* Do substitutions? */ + fputs(line, pfp); + } + pclose(pfp); + pw_log(cnf, mode, W_USER, "%s(%ld) new user mail sent", + pwd->pw_name, (long) pwd->pw_uid); + } + fclose(fp); + } + + return EXIT_SUCCESS; +} + + +static uid_t +pw_uidpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args) +{ + struct passwd *pwd; + uid_t uid = (uid_t) - 1; + struct carg *a_uid = getarg(args, 'u'); + + /* + * Check the given uid, if any + */ + if (a_uid != NULL) { + uid = (uid_t) atol(a_uid->val); + + if ((pwd = GETPWUID(uid)) != NULL && getarg(args, 'o') == NULL) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid `%ld' has already been allocated", (long) pwd->pw_uid); + } else { + struct bitmap bm; + + /* + * We need to allocate the next available uid under one of + * two policies a) Grab the first unused uid b) Grab the + * highest possible unused uid + */ + if (cnf->min_uid >= cnf->max_uid) { /* Sanity + * claus^H^H^H^Hheck */ + cnf->min_uid = 1000; + cnf->max_uid = 32000; + } + bm = bm_alloc(cnf->max_uid - cnf->min_uid + 1); + + /* + * Now, let's fill the bitmap from the password file + */ + SETPWENT(); + while ((pwd = GETPWENT()) != NULL) + if (pwd->pw_uid >= (uid_t) cnf->min_uid && pwd->pw_uid <= (uid_t) cnf->max_uid) + bm_setbit(&bm, pwd->pw_uid - cnf->min_uid); + ENDPWENT(); + + /* + * Then apply the policy, with fallback to reuse if necessary + */ + if (cnf->reuse_uids || (uid = (uid_t) (bm_lastset(&bm) + cnf->min_uid + 1)) > cnf->max_uid) + uid = (uid_t) (bm_firstunset(&bm) + cnf->min_uid); + + /* + * Another sanity check + */ + if (uid < cnf->min_uid || uid > cnf->max_uid) + errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "unable to allocate a new uid - range fully used"); + bm_dealloc(&bm); + } + return uid; +} + + +static uid_t +pw_gidpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args, char *nam, gid_t prefer) +{ + struct group *grp; + gid_t gid = (uid_t) - 1; + struct carg *a_gid = getarg(args, 'g'); + + /* + * If no arg given, see if default can help out + */ + if (a_gid == NULL && cnf->default_group && *cnf->default_group) + a_gid = addarg(args, 'g', cnf->default_group); + + /* + * Check the given gid, if any + */ + SETGRENT(); + if (a_gid != NULL) { + if ((grp = GETGRNAM(a_gid->val)) == NULL) { + gid = (gid_t) atol(a_gid->val); + if ((gid == 0 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*a_gid->val)) || (grp = GETGRGID(gid)) == NULL) + errx(EX_NOUSER, "group `%s' is not defined", a_gid->val); + } + gid = grp->gr_gid; + } else if ((grp = GETGRNAM(nam)) != NULL && grp->gr_mem[0] == NULL) { + gid = grp->gr_gid; /* Already created? Use it anyway... */ + } else { + struct cargs grpargs; + char tmp[32]; + + LIST_INIT(&grpargs); + addarg(&grpargs, 'n', nam); + + /* + * We need to auto-create a group with the user's name. We + * can send all the appropriate output to our sister routine + * bit first see if we can create a group with gid==uid so we + * can keep the user and group ids in sync. We purposely do + * NOT check the gid range if we can force the sync. If the + * user's name dups an existing group, then the group add + * function will happily handle that case for us and exit. + */ + if (GETGRGID(prefer) == NULL) { + sprintf(tmp, "%lu", (unsigned long) prefer); + addarg(&grpargs, 'g', tmp); + } + if (getarg(args, 'N')) + { + addarg(&grpargs, 'N', NULL); + addarg(&grpargs, 'q', NULL); + gid = pw_group(cnf, M_NEXT, &grpargs); + } + else + { + pw_group(cnf, M_ADD, &grpargs); + if ((grp = GETGRNAM(nam)) != NULL) + gid = grp->gr_gid; + } + a_gid = LIST_FIRST(&grpargs); + while (a_gid != NULL) { + struct carg *t = LIST_NEXT(a_gid, list); + LIST_REMOVE(a_gid, list); + a_gid = t; + } + } + ENDGRENT(); + return gid; +} + + +static time_t +pw_pwdpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args) +{ + time_t result = 0; + time_t now = time(NULL); + struct carg *arg = getarg(args, 'p'); + + if (arg != NULL) { + if ((result = parse_date(now, arg->val)) == now) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid date/time `%s'", arg->val); + } else if (cnf->password_days > 0) + result = now + ((long) cnf->password_days * 86400L); + return result; +} + + +static time_t +pw_exppolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args) +{ + time_t result = 0; + time_t now = time(NULL); + struct carg *arg = getarg(args, 'e'); + + if (arg != NULL) { + if ((result = parse_date(now, arg->val)) == now) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid date/time `%s'", arg->val); + } else if (cnf->expire_days > 0) + result = now + ((long) cnf->expire_days * 86400L); + return result; +} + + +static char * +pw_homepolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args, char const * user) +{ + struct carg *arg = getarg(args, 'd'); + + if (arg) + return arg->val; + else { + static char home[128]; + + if (cnf->home == NULL || *cnf->home == '\0') + errx(EX_CONFIG, "no base home directory set"); + sprintf(home, "%s/%s", cnf->home, user); + return home; + } +} + +static char * +shell_path(char const * path, char *shells[], char *sh) +{ + if (sh != NULL && (*sh == '/' || *sh == '\0')) + return sh; /* specified full path or forced none */ + else { + char *p; + char paths[_UC_MAXLINE]; + + /* + * We need to search paths + */ + strlcpy(paths, path, sizeof(paths)); + for (p = strtok(paths, ": \t\r\n"); p != NULL; p = strtok(NULL, ": \t\r\n")) { + int i; + static char shellpath[256]; + + if (sh != NULL) { + sprintf(shellpath, "%s/%s", p, sh); + if (access(shellpath, X_OK) == 0) + return shellpath; + } else + for (i = 0; i < _UC_MAXSHELLS && shells[i] != NULL; i++) { + sprintf(shellpath, "%s/%s", p, shells[i]); + if (access(shellpath, X_OK) == 0) + return shellpath; + } + } + if (sh == NULL) + errx(EX_OSFILE, "can't find shell `%s' in shell paths", sh); + errx(EX_CONFIG, "no default shell available or defined"); + return NULL; + } +} + + +static char * +pw_shellpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args, char *newshell) +{ + char *sh = newshell; + struct carg *arg = getarg(args, 's'); + + if (newshell == NULL && arg != NULL) + sh = arg->val; + return shell_path(cnf->shelldir, cnf->shells, sh ? sh : cnf->shell_default); +} + +#define SALTSIZE 32 + +static char const chars[] = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ./"; + +char * +pw_pwcrypt(char *password) +{ + int i; + char salt[SALTSIZE + 1]; + char *cryptpw; + + static char buf[256]; + + /* + * Calculate a salt value + */ + for (i = 0; i < SALTSIZE; i++) + salt[i] = chars[arc4random_uniform(sizeof(chars) - 1)]; + salt[SALTSIZE] = '\0'; + + cryptpw = crypt(password, salt); + if (cryptpw == NULL) + errx(EX_CONFIG, "crypt(3) failure"); + return strcpy(buf, cryptpw); +} + + +static char * +pw_password(struct userconf * cnf, struct cargs * args, char const * user) +{ + int i, l; + char pwbuf[32]; + + switch (cnf->default_password) { + case -1: /* Random password */ + l = (arc4random() % 8 + 8); /* 8 - 16 chars */ + for (i = 0; i < l; i++) + pwbuf[i] = chars[arc4random_uniform(sizeof(chars)-1)]; + pwbuf[i] = '\0'; + + /* + * We give this information back to the user + */ + if (getarg(args, 'h') == NULL && getarg(args, 'H') == NULL && + getarg(args, 'N') == NULL) { + if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) + printf("Password for '%s' is: ", user); + printf("%s\n", pwbuf); + fflush(stdout); + } + break; + + case -2: /* No password at all! */ + return ""; + + case 0: /* No login - default */ + default: + return "*"; + + case 1: /* user's name */ + strlcpy(pwbuf, user, sizeof(pwbuf)); + break; + } + return pw_pwcrypt(pwbuf); +} + + +static int +print_user(struct passwd * pwd, int pretty, int v7) +{ + if (!pretty) { + char buf[_UC_MAXLINE]; + + fmtpwentry(buf, pwd, v7 ? PWF_PASSWD : PWF_STANDARD); + fputs(buf, stdout); + } else { + int j; + char *p; + struct group *grp = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid); + char uname[60] = "User &", office[60] = "[None]", + wphone[60] = "[None]", hphone[60] = "[None]"; + char acexpire[32] = "[None]", pwexpire[32] = "[None]"; + struct tm * tptr; + + if ((p = strtok(pwd->pw_gecos, ",")) != NULL) { + strlcpy(uname, p, sizeof(uname)); + if ((p = strtok(NULL, ",")) != NULL) { + strlcpy(office, p, sizeof(office)); + if ((p = strtok(NULL, ",")) != NULL) { + strlcpy(wphone, p, sizeof(wphone)); + if ((p = strtok(NULL, "")) != NULL) { + strlcpy(hphone, p, + sizeof(hphone)); + } + } + } + } + /* + * Handle '&' in gecos field + */ + if ((p = strchr(uname, '&')) != NULL) { + int l = strlen(pwd->pw_name); + int m = strlen(p); + + memmove(p + l, p + 1, m); + memmove(p, pwd->pw_name, l); + *p = (char) toupper((unsigned char)*p); + } + if (pwd->pw_expire > (time_t)0 && (tptr = localtime(&pwd->pw_expire)) != NULL) + strftime(acexpire, sizeof acexpire, "%c", tptr); + if (pwd->pw_change > (time_t)0 && (tptr = localtime(&pwd->pw_change)) != NULL) + strftime(pwexpire, sizeof pwexpire, "%c", tptr); + printf("Login Name: %-15s #%-12ld Group: %-15s #%ld\n" + " Full Name: %s\n" + " Home: %-26.26s Class: %s\n" + " Shell: %-26.26s Office: %s\n" + "Work Phone: %-26.26s Home Phone: %s\n" + "Acc Expire: %-26.26s Pwd Expire: %s\n", + pwd->pw_name, (long) pwd->pw_uid, + grp ? grp->gr_name : "(invalid)", (long) pwd->pw_gid, + uname, pwd->pw_dir, pwd->pw_class, + pwd->pw_shell, office, wphone, hphone, + acexpire, pwexpire); + SETGRENT(); + j = 0; + while ((grp=GETGRENT()) != NULL) + { + int i = 0; + while (grp->gr_mem[i] != NULL) + { + if (strcmp(grp->gr_mem[i], pwd->pw_name)==0) + { + printf(j++ == 0 ? " Groups: %s" : ",%s", grp->gr_name); + break; + } + ++i; + } + } + ENDGRENT(); + printf("%s", j ? "\n" : ""); + } + return EXIT_SUCCESS; +} + +char * +pw_checkname(u_char *name, int gecos) +{ + char showch[8]; + u_char const *badchars, *ch, *showtype; + int reject; + + ch = name; + reject = 0; + if (gecos) { + /* See if the name is valid as a gecos (comment) field. */ + badchars = ":!@"; + showtype = "gecos field"; + } else { + /* See if the name is valid as a userid or group. */ + badchars = " ,\t:+&#%$^()!@~*?<>=|\\/\""; + showtype = "userid/group name"; + /* Userids and groups can not have a leading '-'. */ + if (*ch == '-') + reject = 1; + } + if (!reject) { + while (*ch) { + if (strchr(badchars, *ch) != NULL || *ch < ' ' || + *ch == 127) { + reject = 1; + break; + } + /* 8-bit characters are only allowed in GECOS fields */ + if (!gecos && (*ch & 0x80)) { + reject = 1; + break; + } + ch++; + } + } + /* + * A `$' is allowed as the final character for userids and groups, + * mainly for the benefit of samba. + */ + if (reject && !gecos) { + if (*ch == '$' && *(ch + 1) == '\0') { + reject = 0; + ch++; + } + } + if (reject) { + snprintf(showch, sizeof(showch), (*ch >= ' ' && *ch < 127) + ? "`%c'" : "0x%02x", *ch); + errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid character %s at position %td in %s", + showch, (ch - name), showtype); + } + if (!gecos && (ch - name) > LOGNAMESIZE) + errx(EX_DATAERR, "name too long `%s' (max is %d)", name, + LOGNAMESIZE); + return (char *)name; +} + + +static void +rmat(uid_t uid) +{ + DIR *d = opendir("/var/at/jobs"); + + if (d != NULL) { + struct dirent *e; + + while ((e = readdir(d)) != NULL) { + struct stat st; + + if (strncmp(e->d_name, ".lock", 5) != 0 && + stat(e->d_name, &st) == 0 && + !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && + st.st_uid == uid) { + char tmp[MAXPATHLEN]; + + sprintf(tmp, "/usr/bin/atrm %s", e->d_name); + system(tmp); + } + } + closedir(d); + } +} + +static void +rmopie(char const * name) +{ + static const char etcopie[] = "/etc/opiekeys"; + FILE *fp = fopen(etcopie, "r+"); + + if (fp != NULL) { + char tmp[1024]; + off_t atofs = 0; + int length = strlen(name); + + while (fgets(tmp, sizeof tmp, fp) != NULL) { + if (strncmp(name, tmp, length) == 0 && tmp[length]==' ') { + if (fseek(fp, atofs, SEEK_SET) == 0) { + fwrite("#", 1, 1, fp); /* Comment username out */ + } + break; + } + atofs = ftell(fp); + } + /* + * If we got an error of any sort, don't update! + */ + fclose(fp); + } +} + |