.\" .\" (c) Copyright 1995 Wolfram Schneider. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software .\" must display the following acknowledgement: .\" This product includes software developed by Wolfram Schneider .\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products .\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES .\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, .\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT .\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, .\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY .\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT .\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF .\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" /usr/sbin/adduser - add new user(s) .\" .\" Bugs: sure (my english!) .\" Email: Wolfram Schneider .\" .\" $Id: adduser.8,v 1.5 1995/03/07 16:42:33 w Exp w $ .\" .Dd Jan, 9, 1995 .Dt ADDUSER 8 .Os FreeBSD 2.1 .Sh NAME .Nm adduser .Nd command for adding new users .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm adduser [-batch username [group[,group]...] [fullname] [password]] [-check_only] [-config_create] [-dotdir dotdir] [-group login_group] [-h|-help] [-home home] [-message message_file] [-noconfig] [-shell shell] [-s|-silent|-q|-quit] [-uid uid_start] [-v|-verbose] .Sh DESCRIPTION .Nm Adduser is a simple program for adding new users. Adduser check passwd, group and shell database. It create passwd/group entry, HOME-directory, dotfiles and send new user a welcome message. .Sh RESTRICTION .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact .It Sy username Login name. Only lowercase characters or digits. .It Sy fullname Firstname and surname. .Ql Pa \: not allowed. .It Sy shell Only valid shells from shell database or sliplogin and pppd .It Sy uid Automatic generated or your choise. Less than 32000. .It Sy gid/login group Your choise or automatic generated. .It Sy password If not empty password is encoded with crypt. .El .Sh UNIQ GROUP Perhaps your missing what *can* be done with this scheme that falls apart with most other schemes. With each user in his/her own group the user can safely run with a umask of 002 and have files created in there home directory and not worry about others being able to read them. For a shared area you create a seperate uid/gid (like cvs or ncvs on freefall), you place each person that should be able to access this area into that new group. This model of uid/gid administration allows far greater flexibilty that lumping users into groups and having to muck with the umask when working in a shared area. I have been using this model for almost 10 years and found that it works for most situations, and has never gotten in the way. (Rod Grimes) .Sh CONFIGURATION .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact .It Sy 1. Read intern variables. .It Sy 2. Read config file (/etc/adduser.conf) .It Sy 3. Parse command line options .El .Sh OPTIONS .Bl -tag -width Ds .It Sy -batch username [group[,group]...] [fullname] [password] Batch mode. .It Sy -check_only Check /etc/passwd, /etc/group, /etc/shells and exit. .It Sy -create_config Create new config and message file and exit. .It Sy -dotdir Ar directory Copy files from .Ar directory into the HOME-directory of new users. .Ql Pa dot.foo files renamed to .Ql Pa .foo Don't copy files if .Ar directory equal with .Ar no For security make a all files writable and readable for owner, don't allow group or world to write files and allow only owner to read/execute/write .rhost, .Xauthority, .kermrc, .netrc, Mail, prv, iscreen, term. .It Sy -group Ar login_group Login group. .Ar USER mean use username as login group. .It Sy -help,-h,-? Print options and exit. .It Sy -home Ar partition Default home partition where all users located. .It Sy -message Ar file Send new users a welcome message. Don't send message if .Ar file equal with .Ar no .It Sy -noconfig Do not read config file. .It Sy -shell Ar shell Default shell for new users. .It Sy -silent,-s,-quit,-q Few warnings, question, bugreports. .It Sy -uid Ar uid Use uid's from .Ar uid up. .It Sy -verbose,-v Many warning, question. Recommended for noivice users. .Sh FORMATS .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact .Ql Pa # is a comment. .P .It Sy config file .Nm Adduser read and write this file. See /etc/adduser.conf for more details. .It Sy message file Eval variables in this file. See /etc/adduser.message for more details. .El .Sh EXAMPLES .Pp $ adduser .Pp Start adduser in interactive mode. .Pp $ adduser -batch baerenklau guest,staff,baer 'Teddy II' qwerty7 .Pp Create user 'baerenklau' and login group 'baerenklau'. Invite user baerenklau into groups guest, staff and baer. Realname (fullname) is 'Teddy II'. Password is 'qwerty7' (don't use such password!). Create HOME directory '/home/baerenklau' and copy all files and directories from /usr/share/skel to /home/baerenklau. Send user baerenklau a welcome message. .Pp $ adduser -uid 5000 -group guest -message no -batch vehlefanz .Pp Create user 'vehlefanz'. Login group is guest. Uid is up to 5000, for instance 5007. No other groups, no realname, no password. Do not send a welcome message. .Sh FILES .Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwdxx -compact .It Pa /etc/master.passwd user database .It Pa /etc/group group database .It Pa /etc/shells shell database .It Pa /etc/adduser.conf config file for adduser .It Pa /etc/adduser.message message file for adduser .It Pa /usr/share/skel skeletal login directory .It Pa /var/log/adduser logfile for adduser .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr chpass 1 , .Xr finger 1 , .Xr passwd 1 , .Xr aliases 5 , .Xr passwd 5 , .Xr group 5 , .Xr shells 5 , .Xr pwd_mkdb 8 , .Xr vipw 8 .\" .Sh BUGS .Sh HISTORY The .Nm command appeared in FreeBSD 2.1 .\" .Sh AUTHOR .\" Wolfram Schneider, Berlin