man.cgi.8

   1 .\"     $Id: man.cgi.8,v 1.8 2014/07/21 15:45:17 schwarze Exp $
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   3 .\" Copyright (c) 2014 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
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  17 .Dd $Mdocdate: July 21 2014 $
  18 .Dt MAN.CGI 8
  19 .Os
  20 .Sh NAME
  21 .Nm man.cgi
  22 .Nd CGI program to search and display manual pages
  23 .Sh DESCRIPTION
  24 The
  25 .Nm
  26 CGI program searches for manual pages on a WWW server
  27 and displays them to HTTP clients,
  28 providing functionality equivalent to the
  29 .Xr apropos 1
  30 and
  31 .Xr man 1
  32 utilities.
  33 It can use multiple manual trees in parallel.
  34 .Ss HTML search interface
  35 At the top of each generated HTML page,
  36 .Nm
  37 displays a search form containing these elements:
  38 .Bl -enum
  39 .It
  40 An input box for search queries, expecting
  41 either a name of a manual page or an
  42 .Ar expression
  43 using the syntax described in the
  44 .Xr apropos 1
  45 manual; filling this in is required for each search.
  46 .It
  47 A
  48 .Dq Submit
  49 button to send a search request from the client to the server.
  50 .It
  51 A
  52 .Dq Reset
  53 button to undo any changes to the input boxes and the dropdown menus
  54 and reset them to the values contained in the
  55 .Ev QUERY_STRING .
  56 .It
  57 Radio buttons to select pages either by name like in
  58 .Xr man 1
  59 or using
  60 .Xr apropos 1
  61 queries.
  62 .It
  63 A dropdown menu to optionally select a manual section.
  64 If one is provided, it has the same effect as the
  65 .Xr man 1
  66 and
  67 .Xr apropos 1
  68 .Fl s
  69 option.
  70 Otherwise, pages from all sections are shown.
  71 .It
  72 A dropdown menu to optionally select an architecture.
  73 If one is provided, it has the same effect as the
  74 .Xr man 1
  75 and
  76 .Xr apropos 1
  77 .Fl S
  78 option.
  79 By default, pages for all architectures are shown.
  80 .It
  81 A dropdown menu to select a manual tree.
  82 If the configuration file
  83 .Pa /var/www/man/manpath.conf
  84 contains only one manpath, the dropdown menu is not shown.
  85 By default, the first manpath given in the file is used.
  86 .El
  87 .Ss Program output
  88 The
  89 .Nm
  90 program generates five kinds of output pages:
  91 .Bl -tag -width Ds
  92 .It The index page.
  93 This is returned when calling
  94 .Nm
  95 without
  96 .Ev PATH_INFO
  97 and without a
  98 .Ev QUERY_STRING .
  99 It serves as a starting point for using the program
 100 and shows the search form only.
 101 .It A list page.
 102 Lists are returned when searches match more than one manual page.
 103 The first column shows the names and section numbers of manuals
 104 as clickable links.
 105 The second column shows the one-line descriptions of the manuals.
 106 .It A manual page.
 107 This output format is used when a search matches exactly one
 108 manual page, or when a link on a list page or an
 109 .Ic \&Xr
 110 link on another manual page is followed.
 111 .It A no-result page.
 112 This is shown when a search request returns no results -
 113 eiher because it violates the query syntax, or because
 114 the search does not match any manual pages.
 115 .It \&An error page.
 116 This cannot happen by merely clicking the
 117 .Dq Search
 118 button, but only by manually entering an invalid URI.
 119 It does not show the search form, but only an error message
 120 and a link back to the index page.
 121 .El
 122 .Ss Setup
 123 For each manual tree, create one first-level subdirectory below
 124 .Pa /var/www/man .
 125 The name of one of these directories is called a
 126 .Dq manpath
 127 in the context of
 128 .Nm .
 129 Create a single ASCII text file
 130 .Pa /var/www/man/manpath.conf
 131 containing the names of these directories, one per line.
 132 The directory given first is used as the default manpath.
 133 .Pp
 134 Inside each of these directories, use the same directory and file
 135 structure as found below
 136 .Pa /usr/share/man ,
 137 that is, second-level subdirectories
 138 .Pa /var/www/man/*/man1 , /var/www/man/*/man2
 139 etc. containing source
 140 .Xr mdoc 7
 141 and
 142 .Xr man 7
 143 manuals with file name extensions matching the section numbers,
 144 second-level subdirectories
 145 .Pa /var/www/man/*/cat1 , /var/www/man/*/cat2
 146 etc. containing preformatted manuals with the file name extension
 147 .Sq 0 ,
 148 and optional third-level subdirectories for architectures.
 149 Use
 150 .Xr makewhatis 8
 151 to create a
 152 .Xr mandoc.db 5
 153 database inside each manpath.
 154 .Pp
 155 Configure your web server to execute CGI programs located in
 156 .Pa /cgi-bin .
 157 When using
 158 .Xr nginx 8 ,
 159 the
 160 .Xr slowcgi 8
 161 proxy daemon is needed to translate FastCGI requests to plain old CGI.
 162 .Pp
 163 To compile
 164 .Nm ,
 165 first copy
 166 .Pa cgi.h.example
 167 to
 168 .Pa cgi.h
 169 and edit it according to your needs.
 170 It contains the following compile-time definitions:
 171 .Bl -tag -width Ds
 172 .It Ev COMPAT_OLDURI
 173 Only useful for running on www.openbsd.org to deal with old URIs containing
 174 .Qq "manpath=OpenBSD "
 175 where the blank character has to be translated to a hyphen.
 176 When compiling for other sites, this definition can be deleted.
 177 .It Ev CSS_DIR
 178 An optional path to the directory containing the CSS files,
 179 to be specified relative to the server's document root,
 180 and to be specified without a trailing slash.
 181 When not specified, the CSS files
 182 are assumed to be in the document root.
 183 This is used in generated HTML code.
 184 .It Ev CUSTOMIZE_BEGIN
 185 A HTML string to be inserted right after opening the
 186 .Aq BODY
 187 element.
 188 .It Ev CUSTOMIZE_TITLE
 189 An ASCII string to be used for the HTML
 190 .Aq TITLE
 191 element.
 192 .It Ev HTTP_HOST
 193 The FQDN of the (possibly virtual) host the HTTP server is running on.
 194 This is used for
 195 .Ic Location:
 196 headers in HTTP 303 responses.
 197 .It Ev MAN_DIR
 198 A path to the
 199 .Nm
 200 data directory to be used instead of
 201 .Pa /var/www/man ,
 202 relative to the web server
 203 .Xr chroot 2
 204 directory, to be specified without a trailing slash.
 205 This is prepended to the manpath when opening
 206 .Xr mandoc.db 5
 207 and manual page files.
 208 .El
 209 .Pp
 210 After editing
 211 .Pa cgi.h ,
 212 run
 213 .Pp
 214 .Dl make man.cgi
 215 .Pp
 216 and copy the files to the proper locations.
 217 Reading the
 218 .Cm installcgi
 219 target in the
 220 .Pa Makefile
 221 can help with that, but do not run it without carefully checking it
 222 because the directory layouts of web servers vary greatly.
 223 .Ss URI interface
 224 .Nm
 225 uniform resource identifiers are not needed for interactive use,
 226 but can be useful for deep linking.
 227 They consist of:
 228 .Bl -enum
 229 .It
 230 The
 231 .Cm http://
 232 protocol specifier.
 233 .It
 234 The host name and a following slash.
 235 .It
 236 The path to the program, normally
 237 .Pa cgi-bin/man.cgi/ .
 238 .It
 239 To show a single page, a slash, the manpath, another slash,
 240 and the name of the requested file, for example
 241 .Pa /OpenBSD-current/man1/mandoc.1 .
 242 .It
 243 For searches, a query string starting with a question mark
 244 and consisting of
 245 .Ar key Ns = Ns Ar value
 246 pairs, separated by ampersands, for example
 247 .Pa ?manpath=OpenBSD-current&query=mandoc .
 248 Supported keys are
 249 .Cm manpath ,
 250 .Cm query ,
 251 .Cm sec ,
 252 .Cm arch ,
 253 corresponding to
 254 .Xr apropos 1
 255 .Fl M ,
 256 .Ar expression ,
 257 .Fl s ,
 258 .Fl S ,
 259 respectively, and
 260 .Cm apropos ,
 261 which is a boolean parameter to select or deselect the
 262 .Xr apropos 1
 263 query mode.
 264 For backward compatibility with the traditional
 265 .Nm ,
 266 .Cm sektion
 267 is supported as an alias for
 268 .Cm sec .
 269 .El
 270 .Sh ENVIRONMENT
 271 The web server may pass the following CGI variables to
 272 .Nm :
 273 .Bl -tag -width Ds
 274 .It Ev PATH_INFO
 275 The final part of the URI path passed from the client to the server,
 276 starting after the
 277 .Ev SCRIPT_NAME
 278 and ending before the
 279 .Ev QUERY_STRING .
 280 It is used by the
 281 .Cm show
 282 page to aquire the manpath and filename it needs.
 283 .It Ev QUERY_STRING
 284 The HTTP query string passed from the client to the server.
 285 It is the final part of the URI, after the question mark.
 286 It is used by the
 287 .Cm search
 288 page to acquire the named parameters it needs.
 289 .It Ev SCRIPT_NAME
 290 The path to the
 291 .Nm
 292 binary relative to the server root, usually
 293 .Pa /cgi-bin/man.cgi .
 294 This is used for generating URIs to be embedded
 295 in generated HTML code and HTTP headers.
 296 .El
 297 .Sh FILES
 298 .Bl -tag -width Ds
 299 .It Pa /var/www
 300 Default web server
 301 .Xr chroot 2
 302 directory.
 303 All the following paths are specified relative to this directory.
 304 .It Pa /cgi-bin/man.cgi
 305 The path to the
 306 .Nm
 307 program relative to the server root.
 308 Can be overridden by
 309 .Ev SCRIPT_NAME .
 310 .It Pa /htdocs
 311 The path to the server document root relative to the server root.
 312 This is part of the web server configuration and not specific to
 313 .Nm .
 314 .It Pa /htdocs/man-cgi.css
 315 A style sheet for general
 316 .Nm
 317 styling, referenced from each generated HTML page.
 318 .It Pa /htdocs/man.css
 319 A style sheet for
 320 .Xr mandoc 1
 321 HTML styling, referenced from each generated HTML page after
 322 .Pa man-cgi.css .
 323 .It Pa /man
 324 Default
 325 .Nm
 326 data directory containing all the manual trees.
 327 Can be overridden by
 328 .Ev MAN_DIR .
 329 .It Pa /man/mandoc/man1/apropos.1 , /man/mandoc/man8/man.cgi.8
 330 Manual pages documenting
 331 .Nm
 332 itself, linked from the index page.
 333 .It Pa /man/manpath.conf
 334 The list of available manpaths, one per line.
 335 .It Pa /man/OpenBSD-current/man1/mandoc.1
 336 An example
 337 .Xr mdoc 7
 338 source file located below the
 339 .Dq OpenBSD-current
 340 manpath.
 341 .El
 342 .Sh COMPATIBILITY
 343 The
 344 .Nm
 345 CGI program is call-compatible with queries from the traditional
 346 .Pa man.cgi
 347 script by Wolfram Schneider.
 348 However, the output may not be quite the same.
 349 .Sh SEE ALSO
 350 .Xr apropos 1 ,
 351 .Xr mandoc.db 5 ,
 352 .Xr makewhatis 8 ,
 353 .Xr slowcgi 8
 354 .Sh HISTORY
 355 A version of
 356 .Nm
 357 based on
 358 .Xr mandoc 1
 359 first appeared in mdocml-1.12.1 (March 2012).
 360 The current SQLite3-based version first appeared in
 361 .Ox 5.6 .
 362 .Sh AUTHORS
 363 .An -nosplit
 364 The
 365 .Nm
 366 program was written by
 367 .An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv
 368 and ported to the SQLite3-based
 369 .Xr mandoc.db 5
 370 backend by
 371 .An Ingo Schwarze Aq Mt schwarze@openbsd.org .