mandoc_char.7

   1 .\"     $Id: mandoc_char.7,v 1.46 2011/07/22 14:15:15 kristaps Exp $
   2 .\"
   3 .\" Copyright (c) 2009 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
   4 .\"
   5 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
   6 .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
   7 .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
   8 .\"
   9 .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
  10 .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  11 .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
  12 .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
  13 .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
  14 .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
  15 .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  16 .\"
  17 .Dd $Mdocdate: July 22 2011 $
  18 .Dt MANDOC_CHAR 7
  19 .Os
  20 .Sh NAME
  21 .Nm mandoc_char
  22 .Nd mandoc special characters
  23 .Sh DESCRIPTION
  24 This page documents the special characters and predefined strings accepted by
  25 .Xr mandoc 1
  26 to format
  27 .Xr mdoc 7
  28 and
  29 .Xr man 7
  30 documents.
  31 .Pp
  32 Both
  33 .Xr mdoc 7
  34 and
  35 .Xr man 7
  36 encode special characters with
  37 .Sq \eX
  38 .Pq for a one-character escape ,
  39 .Sq \e(XX
  40 .Pq two-character ,
  41 and
  42 .Sq \e[N]
  43 .Pq N-character .
  44 One may generalise
  45 .Sq \e(XX
  46 as
  47 .Sq \e[XX]
  48 and
  49 .Sq \eX
  50 as
  51 .Sq \e[X] .
  52 Predefined strings are functionally similar to special characters, using
  53 .Sq \e*X
  54 .Pq for a one-character escape ,
  55 .Sq \e*(XX
  56 .Pq two-character ,
  57 and
  58 .Sq \e*[N]
  59 .Pq N-character .
  60 One may generalise
  61 .Sq \e*(XX
  62 as
  63 .Sq \e*[XX]
  64 and
  65 .Sq \e*X
  66 as
  67 .Sq \e*[X] .
  68 .Pp
  69 Note that each output mode will have a different rendering of the
  70 characters.
  71 It's guaranteed that each input symbol will correspond to a
  72 (more or less) meaningful output rendering, regardless the mode.
  73 .Sh SPECIAL CHARACTERS
  74 These are the preferred input symbols for producing special characters.
  75 .Pp
  76 Spacing:
  77 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Description"
  78 .It Em Input Ta Em Description
  79 .It \e~      Ta non-breaking, non-collapsing space
  80 .It \e       Ta breaking, non-collapsing n-width space
  81 .It \e^      Ta zero-width space
  82 .It \e%      Ta zero-width space
  83 .It \e&      Ta zero-width space
  84 .It \e|      Ta zero-width space
  85 .It \e0      Ta breaking, non-collapsing digit-width space
  86 .It \ec      Ta removes any trailing space (if applicable)
  87 .El
  88 .Pp
  89 Lines:
  90 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
  91 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
  92 .It \e(ba    Ta \(ba        Ta bar
  93 .It \e(br    Ta \(br        Ta box rule
  94 .It \e(ul    Ta \(ul        Ta underscore
  95 .It \e(rl    Ta \(rl        Ta overline
  96 .It \e(bb    Ta \(bb        Ta broken bar
  97 .It \e(sl    Ta \(sl        Ta forward slash
  98 .It \e(rs    Ta \(rs        Ta backward slash
  99 .El
 100 .Pp
 101 Text markers:
 102 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 103 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 104 .It \e(ci    Ta \(ci        Ta circle
 105 .It \e(bu    Ta \(bu        Ta bullet
 106 .It \e(dd    Ta \(dd        Ta double dagger
 107 .It \e(dg    Ta \(dg        Ta dagger
 108 .It \e(lz    Ta \(lz        Ta lozenge
 109 .It \e(sq    Ta \(sq        Ta white square
 110 .It \e(ps    Ta \(ps        Ta paragraph
 111 .It \e(sc    Ta \(sc        Ta section
 112 .It \e(lh    Ta \(lh        Ta left hand
 113 .It \e(rh    Ta \(rh        Ta right hand
 114 .It \e(at    Ta \(at        Ta at
 115 .It \e(sh    Ta \(sh        Ta hash (pound)
 116 .It \e(CR    Ta \(CR        Ta carriage return
 117 .It \e(OK    Ta \(OK        Ta check mark
 118 .El
 119 .Pp
 120 Legal symbols:
 121 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 122 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 123 .It \e(co    Ta \(co        Ta copyright
 124 .It \e(rg    Ta \(rg        Ta registered
 125 .It \e(tm    Ta \(tm        Ta trademarked
 126 .El
 127 .Pp
 128 Punctuation:
 129 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 130 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 131 .It \e(em    Ta \(em        Ta em-dash
 132 .It \e(en    Ta \(en        Ta en-dash
 133 .It \e(hy    Ta \(hy        Ta hyphen
 134 .It \ee      Ta \e          Ta back-slash
 135 .It \e.      Ta \.          Ta period
 136 .It \e(r!    Ta \(r!        Ta upside-down exclamation
 137 .It \e(r?    Ta \(r?        Ta upside-down question
 138 .El
 139 .Pp
 140 Quotes:
 141 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 142 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 143 .It \e(Bq    Ta \(Bq        Ta right low double-quote
 144 .It \e(bq    Ta \(bq        Ta right low single-quote
 145 .It \e(lq    Ta \(lq        Ta left double-quote
 146 .It \e(rq    Ta \(rq        Ta right double-quote
 147 .It \e(oq    Ta \(oq        Ta left single-quote
 148 .It \e(cq    Ta \(cq        Ta right single-quote
 149 .It \e(aq    Ta \(aq        Ta apostrophe quote (text)
 150 .It \e(dq    Ta \(dq        Ta double quote (text)
 151 .It \e(Fo    Ta \(Fo        Ta left guillemet
 152 .It \e(Fc    Ta \(Fc        Ta right guillemet
 153 .It \e(fo    Ta \(fo        Ta left single guillemet
 154 .It \e(fc    Ta \(fc        Ta right single guillemet
 155 .El
 156 .Pp
 157 Brackets:
 158 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "xxbracketrightbpx" Rendered Description
 159 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 160 .It \e(lB    Ta \(lB        Ta left bracket
 161 .It \e(rB    Ta \(rB        Ta right bracket
 162 .It \e(lC    Ta \(lC        Ta left brace
 163 .It \e(rC    Ta \(rC        Ta right brace
 164 .It \e(la    Ta \(la        Ta left angle
 165 .It \e(ra    Ta \(ra        Ta right angle
 166 .It \e(bv    Ta \(bv        Ta brace extension
 167 .It \e[braceex] Ta \[braceex] Ta brace extension
 168 .It \e[bracketlefttp] Ta \[bracketlefttp] Ta top-left hooked bracket
 169 .It \e[bracketleftbp] Ta \[bracketleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked bracket
 170 .It \e[bracketleftex] Ta \[bracketleftex] Ta left hooked bracket extension
 171 .It \e[bracketrighttp] Ta \[bracketrighttp] Ta top-right hooked bracket
 172 .It \e[bracketrightbp] Ta \[bracketrightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked bracket
 173 .It \e[bracketrightex] Ta \[bracketrightex] Ta right hooked bracket extension
 174 .It \e(lt    Ta \(lt        Ta top-left hooked brace
 175 .It \e[bracelefttp] Ta \[bracelefttp] Ta top-left hooked brace
 176 .It \e(lk    Ta \(lk        Ta mid-left hooked brace
 177 .It \e[braceleftmid] Ta \[braceleftmid] Ta mid-left hooked brace
 178 .It \e(lb    Ta \(lb        Ta bottom-left hooked brace
 179 .It \e[braceleftbp] Ta \[braceleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked brace
 180 .It \e[braceleftex] Ta \[braceleftex] Ta left hooked brace extension
 181 .It \e(rt    Ta \(rt        Ta top-left hooked brace
 182 .It \e[bracerighttp] Ta \[bracerighttp] Ta top-right hooked brace
 183 .It \e(rk    Ta \(rk        Ta mid-right hooked brace
 184 .It \e[bracerightmid] Ta \[bracerightmid] Ta mid-right hooked brace
 185 .It \e(rb    Ta \(rb        Ta bottom-right hooked brace
 186 .It \e[bracerightbp] Ta \[bracerightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked brace
 187 .It \e[bracerightex] Ta \[bracerightex] Ta right hooked brace extension
 188 .It \e[parenlefttp] Ta \[parenlefttp] Ta top-left hooked parenthesis
 189 .It \e[parenleftbp] Ta \[parenleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked parenthesis
 190 .It \e[parenleftex] Ta \[parenleftex] Ta left hooked parenthesis extension
 191 .It \e[parenrighttp] Ta \[parenrighttp] Ta top-right hooked parenthesis
 192 .It \e[parenrightbp] Ta \[parenrightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked parenthesis
 193 .It \e[parenrightex] Ta \[parenrightex] Ta right hooked parenthesis extension
 194 .El
 195 .Pp
 196 Arrows:
 197 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 198 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 199 .It \e(<-    Ta \(<-        Ta left arrow
 200 .It \e(->    Ta \(->        Ta right arrow
 201 .It \e(<>    Ta \(<>        Ta left-right arrow
 202 .It \e(da    Ta \(da        Ta down arrow
 203 .It \e(ua    Ta \(ua        Ta up arrow
 204 .It \e(va    Ta \(va        Ta up-down arrow
 205 .It \e(lA    Ta \(lA        Ta left double-arrow
 206 .It \e(rA    Ta \(rA        Ta right double-arrow
 207 .It \e(hA    Ta \(hA        Ta left-right double-arrow
 208 .It \e(uA    Ta \(uA        Ta up double-arrow
 209 .It \e(dA    Ta \(dA        Ta down double-arrow
 210 .It \e(vA    Ta \(vA        Ta up-down double-arrow
 211 .El
 212 .Pp
 213 Logical:
 214 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 215 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 216 .It \e(AN    Ta \(AN        Ta logical and
 217 .It \e(OR    Ta \(OR        Ta logical or
 218 .It \e(no    Ta \(no        Ta logical not
 219 .It \e[tno]  Ta \[tno]      Ta logical not (text)
 220 .It \e(te    Ta \(te        Ta existential quantifier
 221 .It \e(fa    Ta \(fa        Ta universal quantifier
 222 .It \e(st    Ta \(st        Ta such that
 223 .It \e(tf    Ta \(tf        Ta therefore
 224 .It \e(3d    Ta \(3d        Ta therefore
 225 .It \e(or    Ta \(or        Ta bitwise or
 226 .El
 227 .Pp
 228 Mathematical:
 229 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "xxcoproductxx" "Rendered" "Description"
 230 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 231 .It \e(pl    Ta \(pl        Ta plus
 232 .It \e(mi    Ta \(mi        Ta minus
 233 .It \e-      Ta \-          Ta minus (text)
 234 .It \e(-+    Ta \(-+        Ta minus-plus
 235 .It \e(+-    Ta \(+-        Ta plus-minus
 236 .It \e[t+-]  Ta \[t+-]      Ta plus-minus (text)
 237 .It \e(pc    Ta \(pc        Ta centre-dot
 238 .It \e(mu    Ta \(mu        Ta multiply
 239 .It \e[tmu]  Ta \[tmu]      Ta multiply (text)
 240 .It \e(c*    Ta \(c*        Ta circle-multiply
 241 .It \e(c+    Ta \(c+        Ta circle-plus
 242 .It \e(di    Ta \(di        Ta divide
 243 .It \e[tdi]  Ta \[tdi]      Ta divide (text)
 244 .It \e(f/    Ta \(f/        Ta fraction
 245 .It \e(**    Ta \(**        Ta asterisk
 246 .It \e(<=    Ta \(<=        Ta less-than-equal
 247 .It \e(>=    Ta \(>=        Ta greater-than-equal
 248 .It \e(<<    Ta \(<<        Ta much less
 249 .It \e(>>    Ta \(>>        Ta much greater
 250 .It \e(eq    Ta \(eq        Ta equal
 251 .It \e(!=    Ta \(!=        Ta not equal
 252 .It \e(==    Ta \(==        Ta equivalent
 253 .It \e(ne    Ta \(ne        Ta not equivalent
 254 .It \e(=~    Ta \(=~        Ta congruent
 255 .It \e(-~    Ta \(-~        Ta asymptotically congruent
 256 .It \e(ap    Ta \(ap        Ta asymptotically similar
 257 .It \e(~~    Ta \(~~        Ta approximately similar
 258 .It \e(~=    Ta \(~=        Ta approximately equal
 259 .It \e(pt    Ta \(pt        Ta proportionate
 260 .It \e(es    Ta \(es        Ta empty set
 261 .It \e(mo    Ta \(mo        Ta element
 262 .It \e(nm    Ta \(nm        Ta not element
 263 .It \e(sb    Ta \(sb        Ta proper subset
 264 .It \e(nb    Ta \(nb        Ta not subset
 265 .It \e(sp    Ta \(sp        Ta proper superset
 266 .It \e(nc    Ta \(nc        Ta not superset
 267 .It \e(ib    Ta \(ib        Ta reflexive subset
 268 .It \e(ip    Ta \(ip        Ta reflexive superset
 269 .It \e(ca    Ta \(ca        Ta intersection
 270 .It \e(cu    Ta \(cu        Ta union
 271 .It \e(/_    Ta \(/_        Ta angle
 272 .It \e(pp    Ta \(pp        Ta perpendicular
 273 .It \e(is    Ta \(is        Ta integral
 274 .It \e[integral] Ta \[integral] Ta integral
 275 .It \e[sum]    Ta \[sum]   Ta summation
 276 .It \e[product] Ta \[product] Ta product
 277 .It \e[coproduct] Ta \[coproduct] Ta coproduct
 278 .It \e(gr    Ta \(gr        Ta gradient
 279 .It \e(sr    Ta \(sr        Ta square root
 280 .It \e[sqrt] Ta \[sqrt]     Ta square root
 281 .It \e(lc    Ta \(lc        Ta left-ceiling
 282 .It \e(rc    Ta \(rc        Ta right-ceiling
 283 .It \e(lf    Ta \(lf        Ta left-floor
 284 .It \e(rf    Ta \(rf        Ta right-floor
 285 .It \e(if    Ta \(if        Ta infinity
 286 .It \e(Ah    Ta \(Ah        Ta aleph
 287 .It \e(Im    Ta \(Im        Ta imaginary
 288 .It \e(Re    Ta \(Re        Ta real
 289 .It \e(pd    Ta \(pd        Ta partial differential
 290 .It \e(-h    Ta \(-h        Ta Planck constant over 2\(*p
 291 .It \e[12]   Ta \[12]       Ta one-half
 292 .It \e[14]   Ta \[14]       Ta one-fourth
 293 .It \e[34]   Ta \[34]       Ta three-fourths
 294 .El
 295 .Pp
 296 Ligatures:
 297 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 298 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 299 .It \e(ff    Ta \(ff        Ta ff ligature
 300 .It \e(fi    Ta \(fi        Ta fi ligature
 301 .It \e(fl    Ta \(fl        Ta fl ligature
 302 .It \e(Fi    Ta \(Fi        Ta ffi ligature
 303 .It \e(Fl    Ta \(Fl        Ta ffl ligature
 304 .It \e(AE    Ta \(AE        Ta AE
 305 .It \e(ae    Ta \(ae        Ta ae
 306 .It \e(OE    Ta \(OE        Ta OE
 307 .It \e(oe    Ta \(oe        Ta oe
 308 .It \e(ss    Ta \(ss        Ta German eszett
 309 .It \e(IJ    Ta \(IJ        Ta IJ ligature
 310 .It \e(ij    Ta \(ij        Ta ij ligature
 311 .El
 312 .Pp
 313 Accents:
 314 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 315 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 316 .It \e(a"    Ta \(a"        Ta Hungarian umlaut
 317 .It \e(a-    Ta \(a-        Ta macron
 318 .It \e(a.    Ta \(a.        Ta dotted
 319 .It \e(a^    Ta \(a^        Ta circumflex
 320 .It \e(aa    Ta \(aa        Ta acute
 321 .It \e'      Ta \'          Ta acute
 322 .It \e(ga    Ta \(ga        Ta grave
 323 .It \e`      Ta \`          Ta grave
 324 .It \e(ab    Ta \(ab        Ta breve
 325 .It \e(ac    Ta \(ac        Ta cedilla
 326 .It \e(ad    Ta \(ad        Ta dieresis
 327 .It \e(ah    Ta \(ah        Ta caron
 328 .It \e(ao    Ta \(ao        Ta ring
 329 .It \e(a~    Ta \(a~        Ta tilde
 330 .It \e(ho    Ta \(ho        Ta ogonek
 331 .It \e(ha    Ta \(ha        Ta hat (text)
 332 .It \e(ti    Ta \(ti        Ta tilde (text)
 333 .El
 334 .Pp
 335 Accented letters:
 336 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 337 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 338 .It \e('A    Ta \('A        Ta acute A
 339 .It \e('E    Ta \('E        Ta acute E
 340 .It \e('I    Ta \('I        Ta acute I
 341 .It \e('O    Ta \('O        Ta acute O
 342 .It \e('U    Ta \('U        Ta acute U
 343 .It \e('a    Ta \('a        Ta acute a
 344 .It \e('e    Ta \('e        Ta acute e
 345 .It \e('i    Ta \('i        Ta acute i
 346 .It \e('o    Ta \('o        Ta acute o
 347 .It \e('u    Ta \('u        Ta acute u
 348 .It \e(`A    Ta \(`A        Ta grave A
 349 .It \e(`E    Ta \(`E        Ta grave E
 350 .It \e(`I    Ta \(`I        Ta grave I
 351 .It \e(`O    Ta \(`O        Ta grave O
 352 .It \e(`U    Ta \(`U        Ta grave U
 353 .It \e(`a    Ta \(`a        Ta grave a
 354 .It \e(`e    Ta \(`e        Ta grave e
 355 .It \e(`i    Ta \(`i        Ta grave i
 356 .It \e(`o    Ta \(`i        Ta grave o
 357 .It \e(`u    Ta \(`u        Ta grave u
 358 .It \e(~A    Ta \(~A        Ta tilde A
 359 .It \e(~N    Ta \(~N        Ta tilde N
 360 .It \e(~O    Ta \(~O        Ta tilde O
 361 .It \e(~a    Ta \(~a        Ta tilde a
 362 .It \e(~n    Ta \(~n        Ta tilde n
 363 .It \e(~o    Ta \(~o        Ta tilde o
 364 .It \e(:A    Ta \(:A        Ta dieresis A
 365 .It \e(:E    Ta \(:E        Ta dieresis E
 366 .It \e(:I    Ta \(:I        Ta dieresis I
 367 .It \e(:O    Ta \(:O        Ta dieresis O
 368 .It \e(:U    Ta \(:U        Ta dieresis U
 369 .It \e(:a    Ta \(:a        Ta dieresis a
 370 .It \e(:e    Ta \(:e        Ta dieresis e
 371 .It \e(:i    Ta \(:i        Ta dieresis i
 372 .It \e(:o    Ta \(:o        Ta dieresis o
 373 .It \e(:u    Ta \(:u        Ta dieresis u
 374 .It \e(:y    Ta \(:y        Ta dieresis y
 375 .It \e(^A    Ta \(^A        Ta circumflex A
 376 .It \e(^E    Ta \(^E        Ta circumflex E
 377 .It \e(^I    Ta \(^I        Ta circumflex I
 378 .It \e(^O    Ta \(^O        Ta circumflex O
 379 .It \e(^U    Ta \(^U        Ta circumflex U
 380 .It \e(^a    Ta \(^a        Ta circumflex a
 381 .It \e(^e    Ta \(^e        Ta circumflex e
 382 .It \e(^i    Ta \(^i        Ta circumflex i
 383 .It \e(^o    Ta \(^o        Ta circumflex o
 384 .It \e(^u    Ta \(^u        Ta circumflex u
 385 .It \e(,C    Ta \(,C        Ta cedilla C
 386 .It \e(,c    Ta \(,c        Ta cedilla c
 387 .It \e(/L    Ta \(/L        Ta stroke L
 388 .It \e(/l    Ta \(/l        Ta stroke l
 389 .It \e(/O    Ta \(/O        Ta stroke O
 390 .It \e(/o    Ta \(/o        Ta stroke o
 391 .It \e(oA    Ta \(oA        Ta ring A
 392 .It \e(oa    Ta \(oa        Ta ring a
 393 .El
 394 .Pp
 395 Special letters:
 396 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 397 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 398 .It \e(-D    Ta \(-D        Ta Eth
 399 .It \e(Sd    Ta \(Sd        Ta eth
 400 .It \e(TP    Ta \(TP        Ta Thorn
 401 .It \e(Tp    Ta \(Tp        Ta thorn
 402 .It \e(.i    Ta \(.i        Ta dotless i
 403 .It \e(.j    Ta \(.j        Ta dotless j
 404 .El
 405 .Pp
 406 Currency:
 407 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 408 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 409 .It \e(Do    Ta \(Do        Ta dollar
 410 .It \e(ct    Ta \(ct        Ta cent
 411 .It \e(Eu    Ta \(Eu        Ta Euro symbol
 412 .It \e(eu    Ta \(eu        Ta Euro symbol
 413 .It \e(Ye    Ta \(Ye        Ta yen
 414 .It \e(Po    Ta \(Po        Ta pound
 415 .It \e(Cs    Ta \(Cs        Ta Scandinavian
 416 .It \e(Fn    Ta \(Fn        Ta florin
 417 .El
 418 .Pp
 419 Units:
 420 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 421 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 422 .It \e(de    Ta \(de        Ta degree
 423 .It \e(%0    Ta \(%0        Ta per-thousand
 424 .It \e(fm    Ta \(fm        Ta minute
 425 .It \e(sd    Ta \(sd        Ta second
 426 .It \e(mc    Ta \(mc        Ta micro
 427 .El
 428 .Pp
 429 Greek letters:
 430 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 431 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 432 .It \e(*A    Ta \(*A        Ta Alpha
 433 .It \e(*B    Ta \(*B        Ta Beta
 434 .It \e(*G    Ta \(*G        Ta Gamma
 435 .It \e(*D    Ta \(*D        Ta Delta
 436 .It \e(*E    Ta \(*E        Ta Epsilon
 437 .It \e(*Z    Ta \(*Z        Ta Zeta
 438 .It \e(*Y    Ta \(*Y        Ta Eta
 439 .It \e(*H    Ta \(*H        Ta Theta
 440 .It \e(*I    Ta \(*I        Ta Iota
 441 .It \e(*K    Ta \(*K        Ta Kappa
 442 .It \e(*L    Ta \(*L        Ta Lambda
 443 .It \e(*M    Ta \(*M        Ta Mu
 444 .It \e(*N    Ta \(*N        Ta Nu
 445 .It \e(*C    Ta \(*C        Ta Xi
 446 .It \e(*O    Ta \(*O        Ta Omicron
 447 .It \e(*P    Ta \(*P        Ta Pi
 448 .It \e(*R    Ta \(*R        Ta Rho
 449 .It \e(*S    Ta \(*S        Ta Sigma
 450 .It \e(*T    Ta \(*T        Ta Tau
 451 .It \e(*U    Ta \(*U        Ta Upsilon
 452 .It \e(*F    Ta \(*F        Ta Phi
 453 .It \e(*X    Ta \(*X        Ta Chi
 454 .It \e(*Q    Ta \(*Q        Ta Psi
 455 .It \e(*W    Ta \(*W        Ta Omega
 456 .It \e(*a    Ta \(*a        Ta alpha
 457 .It \e(*b    Ta \(*b        Ta beta
 458 .It \e(*g    Ta \(*g        Ta gamma
 459 .It \e(*d    Ta \(*d        Ta delta
 460 .It \e(*e    Ta \(*e        Ta epsilon
 461 .It \e(*z    Ta \(*z        Ta zeta
 462 .It \e(*y    Ta \(*y        Ta eta
 463 .It \e(*h    Ta \(*h        Ta theta
 464 .It \e(*i    Ta \(*i        Ta iota
 465 .It \e(*k    Ta \(*k        Ta kappa
 466 .It \e(*l    Ta \(*l        Ta lambda
 467 .It \e(*m    Ta \(*m        Ta mu
 468 .It \e(*n    Ta \(*n        Ta nu
 469 .It \e(*c    Ta \(*c        Ta xi
 470 .It \e(*o    Ta \(*o        Ta omicron
 471 .It \e(*p    Ta \(*p        Ta pi
 472 .It \e(*r    Ta \(*r        Ta rho
 473 .It \e(*s    Ta \(*s        Ta sigma
 474 .It \e(*t    Ta \(*t        Ta tau
 475 .It \e(*u    Ta \(*u        Ta upsilon
 476 .It \e(*f    Ta \(*f        Ta phi
 477 .It \e(*x    Ta \(*x        Ta chi
 478 .It \e(*q    Ta \(*q        Ta psi
 479 .It \e(*w    Ta \(*w        Ta omega
 480 .It \e(+h    Ta \(+h        Ta theta variant
 481 .It \e(+f    Ta \(+f        Ta phi variant
 482 .It \e(+p    Ta \(+p        Ta pi variant
 483 .It \e(+e    Ta \(+e        Ta epsilon variant
 484 .It \e(ts    Ta \(ts        Ta sigma terminal
 485 .El
 486 .Sh PREDEFINED STRINGS
 487 Predefined strings are inherited from the macro packages of historical
 488 troff implementations.
 489 They are
 490 .Em not recommended
 491 for use, as they differ across implementations.
 492 Manuals using these predefined strings are almost certainly not
 493 portable.
 494 .Pp
 495 .Bl -column -compact -offset indent "Input" "Rendered" "Description"
 496 .It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description
 497 .It \e*(Ba   Ta \*(Ba       Ta vertical bar
 498 .It \e*(Ne   Ta \*(Ne       Ta not equal
 499 .It \e*(Ge   Ta \*(Ge       Ta greater-than-equal
 500 .It \e*(Le   Ta \*(Le       Ta less-than-equal
 501 .It \e*(Gt   Ta \*(Gt       Ta greater-than
 502 .It \e*(Lt   Ta \*(Lt       Ta less-than
 503 .It \e*(Pm   Ta \*(Pm       Ta plus-minus
 504 .It \e*(If   Ta \*(If       Ta infinity
 505 .It \e*(Pi   Ta \*(Pi       Ta pi
 506 .It \e*(Na   Ta \*(Na       Ta NaN
 507 .It \e*(Am   Ta \*(Am       Ta ampersand
 508 .It \e*R     Ta \*R         Ta restricted mark
 509 .It \e*(Tm   Ta \*(Tm       Ta trade mark
 510 .It \e*q     Ta \*q         Ta double-quote
 511 .It \e*(Rq   Ta \*(Rq       Ta right-double-quote
 512 .It \e*(Lq   Ta \*(Lq       Ta left-double-quote
 513 .It \e*(lp   Ta \*(lp       Ta right-parenthesis
 514 .It \e*(rp   Ta \*(rp       Ta left-parenthesis
 515 .It \e*(lq   Ta \*(lq       Ta left double-quote
 516 .It \e*(rq   Ta \*(rq       Ta right double-quote
 517 .It \e*(ua   Ta \*(ua       Ta up arrow
 518 .It \e*(va   Ta \*(va       Ta up-down arrow
 519 .It \e*(<=   Ta \*(<=       Ta less-than-equal
 520 .It \e*(>=   Ta \*(>=       Ta greater-than-equal
 521 .It \e*(aa   Ta \*(aa       Ta acute
 522 .It \e*(ga   Ta \*(ga       Ta grave
 523 .It \e*(Px   Ta \*(Px       Ta POSIX standard name
 524 .It \e*(Ai   Ta \*(Ai       Ta ANSI standard name
 525 .El
 526 .Sh UNICODE CHARACTERS
 527 The escape sequence
 528 .Pp
 529 .Dl \e[uXXXX]
 530 .Pp
 531 is interpreted as a Unicode codepoint.
 532 The codepoint must be in the range above U+0080 and less than U+10FFFF.
 533 For compatibility, points must be zero-padded to four characters; if
 534 greater than four characters, no zero padding is allowed.
 535 Unicode surrogates are not allowed.
 536 .\" .Pp
 537 .\" Unicode glyphs attenuate to the
 538 .\" .Sq \&?
 539 .\" character if invalid or not rendered by current output media.
 540 .Sh NUMBERED CHARACTERS
 541 For backward compatibility with existing manuals,
 542 .Xr mandoc 1
 543 also supports the
 544 .Pp
 545 .Dl \eN\(aq Ns Ar number Ns \(aq
 546 .Pp
 547 escape sequence, inserting the character
 548 .Ar number
 549 from the current character set into the output.
 550 Of course, this is inherently non-portable and is already marked
 551 as deprecated in the Heirloom roff manual.
 552 For example, do not use \eN'34', use \e(dq, or even the plain
 553 .Sq \(dq
 554 character where possible.
 555 .Sh COMPATIBILITY
 556 This section documents compatibility between mandoc and other other
 557 troff implementations, at this time limited to GNU troff
 558 .Pq Qq groff .
 559 .Pp
 560 .Bl -dash -compact
 561 .It
 562 The \eN\(aq\(aq escape sequence is limited to printable characters; in
 563 groff, it accepts arbitrary character numbers.
 564 .It
 565 In
 566 .Fl T Ns Cm ascii ,
 567 the
 568 \e(ss, \e(nm, \e(nb, \e(nc, \e(ib, \e(ip, \e(pp, \e[sum], \e[product],
 569 \e[coproduct], \e(gr, \e(\-h, and \e(a. special characters render
 570 differently between mandoc and groff.
 571 .It
 572 In
 573 .Fl T Ns Cm html
 574 and
 575 .Fl T Ns Cm xhtml ,
 576 the \e(~=, \e(nb, and \e(nc special characters render differently
 577 between mandoc and groff.
 578 .It
 579 The
 580 .Fl T Ns Cm ps
 581 and
 582 .Fl T Ns Cm pdf
 583 modes format like
 584 .Fl T Ns Cm ascii
 585 instead of rendering glyphs as in groff.
 586 .It
 587 The \e[radicalex], \e[sqrtex], and \e(ru special characters have been omitted
 588 from mandoc either because they are poorly documented or they have no
 589 known representation.
 590 .El
 591 .Sh SEE ALSO
 592 .Xr mandoc 1
 593 .Sh AUTHORS
 594 The
 595 .Nm
 596 manual page was written by
 597 .An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq kristaps@bsd.lv .
 598 .Sh CAVEATS
 599 The
 600 .Sq \e*(Ba
 601 escape mimics the behaviour of the
 602 .Sq \&|
 603 character in
 604 .Xr mdoc 7 ;
 605 thus, if you wish to render a vertical bar with no side effects, use
 606 the
 607 .Sq \e(ba
 608 escape.