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author | Joel Dahl <joel@FreeBSD.org> | 2013-05-13 18:13:50 +0000 |
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committer | Joel Dahl <joel@FreeBSD.org> | 2013-05-13 18:13:50 +0000 |
commit | c10188736860f567cedd85948284a1f0db4f446c (patch) | |
tree | 9e744469de651ada47d66cce82edd7aa7a324ce8 /pw | |
parent | 5430e47ecaff962f1b65df241d5657675cd2d10c (diff) | |
download | pw-darwin-c10188736860f567cedd85948284a1f0db4f446c.tar.gz pw-darwin-c10188736860f567cedd85948284a1f0db4f446c.tar.zst pw-darwin-c10188736860f567cedd85948284a1f0db4f446c.zip |
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Diffstat (limited to 'pw')
-rw-r--r-- | pw/pw.conf.5 | 318 |
1 files changed, 318 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/pw/pw.conf.5 b/pw/pw.conf.5 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..61c40e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/pw/pw.conf.5 @@ -0,0 +1,318 @@ +.\" Copyright (C) 1996 +.\" David L. Nugent. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY DAVID L. NUGENT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL DAVID L. NUGENT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" $FreeBSD$ +.\" +.Dd March 30, 2007 +.Dt PW.CONF 5 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm pw.conf +.Nd format of the pw.conf configuration file +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The file +.Pa /etc/pw.conf +contains configuration data for the +.Xr pw 8 +utility. +The +.Xr pw 8 +utility is used for maintenance of the system password and group +files, allowing users and groups to be added, deleted and changed. +This file may be modified via the +.Xr pw 8 +command using the +.Ar useradd +command and the +.Fl D +option, or by editing it directly with a text editor. +.Pp +Each line in +.Pa /etc/pw.conf +is treated either a comment or as configuration data; +blank lines and lines commencing with a +.Ql \&# +character are considered comments, and any remaining lines are +examined for a leading keyword, followed by corresponding data. +.Pp +Keywords recognized by +.Xr pw 8 +are: +.Bl -tag -width password_days -offset indent -compact +.It defaultpasswd +affect passwords generated for new users +.It reuseuids +reuse gaps in uid sequences +.It reusegids +reuse gaps in gid sequences +.It nispasswd +path to the +.Tn NIS +passwd database +.It skeleton +where to obtain default home contents +.It newmail +mail to send to new users +.It logfile +log user/group modifications to this file +.It home +root directory for home directories +.It homemode +permissions for home directory +.It shellpath +paths in which to locate shell programs +.It shells +list of valid shells (without path) +.It defaultshell +default shell (without path) +.It defaultgroup +default group +.It extragroups +add new users to this groups +.It defaultclass +place new users in this login class +.It minuid +.It maxuid +range of valid default user ids +.It mingid +.It maxgid +range of valid default group ids +.It expire_days +days after which account expires +.It password_days +days after which password expires +.El +.Pp +Valid values for +.Ar defaultpasswd +are: +.Bl -tag -width password_days -offset indent -compact +.It no +disable login on newly created accounts +.It yes +force the password to be the account name +.It none +force a blank password +.It random +generate a random password +.El +.Pp +The second and third options are insecure and should be avoided if +possible on a publicly accessible system. +The first option requires that the superuser run +.Xr passwd 1 +to set a password before the account may be used. +This may also be useful for creating administrative accounts. +The final option causes +.Xr pw 8 +to respond by printing a randomly generated password on stdout. +This is the preferred and most secure option. +The +.Xr pw 8 +utility also provides a method of setting a specific password for the new +user via a filehandle (command lines are not secure). +.Pp +Both +.Ar reuseuids +and +.Ar reusegids +determine the method by which new user and group id numbers are +generated. +A +.Ql \&yes +in this field will cause +.Xr pw 8 +to search for the first unused user or group id within the allowed +range, whereas a +.Ql \&no +will ensure that no other existing user or group id within the range +is numerically lower than the new one generated, and therefore avoids +reusing gaps in the user or group id sequence that are caused by +previous user or group deletions. +Note that if the default group is not specified using the +.Ar defaultgroup +keyword, +.Xr pw 8 +will create a new group for the user and attempt to keep the new +user's uid and gid the same. +If the new user's uid is currently in use as a group id, then the next +available group id is chosen instead. +.Pp +On +.Tn NIS +servers which maintain a separate passwd database to +.Pa /etc/master.passwd , +this option allows the additional file to be concurrently updated +as user records are added, modified or removed. +If blank or set to 'no', no additional database is updated. +An absolute pathname must be used. +.Pp +The +.Ar skeleton +keyword nominates a directory from which the contents of a user's +new home directory is constructed. +This is +.Pa /usr/share/skel +by default. +The +.Xr pw 8 Ns 's +.Fl m +option causes the user's home directory to be created and populated +using the files contained in the +.Ar skeleton +directory. +.Pp +To send an initial email to new users, the +.Ar newmail +keyword may be used to specify a path name to a file containing +the message body of the message to be sent. +To avoid sending mail when accounts are created, leave this entry +blank or specify +.Ql \&no . +.Pp +The +.Ar logfile +option allows logging of password file modifications into the +nominated log file. +To avoid creating or adding to such a logfile, then leave this +field blank or specify +.Ql \&no . +.Pp +The +.Ar home +keyword is mandatory. +This specifies the location of the directory in which all new user +home directories are created. +.Pp +The +.Ar homemode +keyword is optional. +It specifies the creation mask of the user's home directory and is modified by +.Xr umask 2 . +.Pp +The +.Ar shellpath +keyword specifies a list of directories - separated by colons +.Ql \&: +- which contain the programs used by the login shells. +.Pp +The +.Ar shells +keyword specifies a list of programs available for use as login +shells. +This list is a comma-separated list of shell names which should +not contain a path. +These shells must exist in one of the directories nominated by +.Ar shellpath . +.Pp +The +.Ar defaultshell +keyword nominates which shell program to use for new users when +none is specified on the +.Xr pw 8 +command line. +.Pp +The +.Ar defaultgroup +keyword defines the primary group (the group id number in the +password file) used for new accounts. +If left blank, or the word +.Ql \&no +is used, then each new user will have a corresponding group of +their own created automatically. +This is the recommended procedure for new users as it best secures each +user's files against interference by other users of the system +irrespective of the +.Em umask +normally used by the user. +.Pp +The +.Ar extragroups +keyword provides an automatic means of placing new users into groups within +the +.Pa /etc/groups +file. +This is useful where all users share some resources, and is preferable +to placing users into the same primary group. +The effect of this keyword can be overridden using the +.Fl G +option on the +.Xr pw 8 +command line. +.Pp +The +.Ar defaultclass +field determines the login class (See +.Xr login.conf 5 ) +that new users will be allocated unless overwritten by +.Xr pw 8 . +.Pp +The +.Ar minuid , +.Ar maxuid , +.Ar mingid , +.Ar maxgid +keywords determine the allowed ranges of automatically allocated user +and group id numbers. +The default values for both user and group ids are 1000 and 32000 as +minimum and maximum respectively. +The user and group id's actually used when creating an account with +.Xr pw 8 +may be overridden using the +.Fl u +and +.Fl g +command line options. +.Pp +The +.Ar expire_days +and +.Ar password_days +are used to automatically calculate the number of days from the date +on which an account is created when the account will expire or the +user will be forced to change the account's password. +A value of +.Ql \&0 +in either field will disable the corresponding (account or password) +expiration date. +.Sh LIMITS +The maximum line length of +.Pa /etc/pw.conf +is 1024 characters. +Longer lines will be skipped and treated +as comments. +.Sh FILES +.Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwd -compact +.It Pa /etc/pw.conf +.It Pa /etc/passwd +.It Pa /etc/master.passwd +.It Pa /etc/group +.El +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr passwd 1 , +.Xr umask 2 , +.Xr group 5 , +.Xr login.conf 5 , +.Xr passwd 5 , +.Xr pw 8 |